Reduced bending and scattering losses in new optical `double-ridge' waveguide

A new type of waveguide is proposed combining a low and a high ridge. Experiments at lambda =632.8 nm show an excess loss of 0.6 dB for a 90 degrees bend with R=50 mu m in SiO/sub 2/ cladded Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, and showing reduced scattering losses compared with a conventional ridge waveguid

The human prostatic cancer cell line LNCaP and its derived sublines: An in vitro model for the study of androgen sensitivity

__Abstract_ The LNCaP-FGC (fast growing colony) cell line, a subline derived from the LNCaP cell line, shares all the main characteristics, including its androgen sensitivity, described for the parental line. A number of sublines originating from the FGC line were characterized with respect to their response to steroid-depleted medium and to the synthetic androgen R1881. The growth of FGC cells in DCC medium with 0.1 nM R1881 was stimulated 2–3-fold compared to growth in DCC medium only. FGC cells that were continuously grown in DCC medium did not die, but their growth rate was clearly slowed down, and the cells remained responsive to androgen. These cells, therefore, have the androgen-sensitive, rather than the androgen-dependent phenotype. As cells of the subline FGC-JB could not be maintained in DCC medium, these cells better represent the androgen-dependent cell type. In contrast to the FGC line, cells of the R line, grew equally well in medium with complete or DCC serum. Under none of these culture conditions, R cells could significantly be stimulated further with R1881. Further analysis of the LNCaP-FGC sublines should provide valuable information concerning the development of androgen resistance in human prostate cancer

IAEA FUMAC BENCHMARK ON THE HALDEN, STUDISVIK AND QUENCH-L1 LOCA TESTS

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) sponsored the Coordinated Research Project (CRP) on Fuel Modeling under Accident Conditions (FUMAC) to coordinate and support research on nuclear fuel modelling under accident conditions in member countries. The focus of the FUMAC CRP (2015- 2018) has been on loss-of-coolant accidents (LOCA). Various institutions performed fuel performance simulations of selected experiments using different fuel performance codes (e.g., FRAPCONFRAPTRAN, TRANSURANUS, ALCYONE, DIONISIO, SOCRAT, FTPAC, BISON, RAPTA) and system codes (e.g SOCRATE, ATHLET). One of the results of the FUMAC CRP is a comprehensive code-to-code benchmark of selected results, and a comparison of simulations with experimental data as well. This paper represents an overview of the current state-of-the-art of nuclear fuel simulation capabilities for LOCAs and paves the way to further analyses and future developments. More precisely, we discuss the results of the simulation of a subset of the experiments considered in the FUMAC CRP, i.e., (i) the Halden LOCA tests (IFA-650.9/10/11, but only IFA-650.10 is in detail presented in this paper), (ii) the Studsvik LOCA test NRC-192, and (iii) rod 4 of the KIT QUENCH-L1 bundle test. These experiments, briefly presented in the paper, cover a wide range of conditions relevant for LOCA scenarios from different sources. The presented benchmark results are considered in more detail at the end of the LOCA transient (e.g., time of failure, cladding outer diameter, cladding oxidation thickness…). The experimental data are always included in the comparisons, when available. The results are also critically discussed, with the aim of identifying modelling developments required for the improvement of LOCA analyses. Finally, the outcome is complemented with an uncertainty and sensitivity analysis in a separate paper in this conference