THE IMPACT OF BSE, FMD, AND U.S. EXPORT PROMOTION EXPENDITURES ON JAPANESE MEAT DEMAND

The study examined Japanese consumer response to the discovery of BSE and discusses implications for the U.S. beef industry following BSE discovery in the U.S. Impacts of FMD and export promotion expenditures were also modeled. Synthetic inverse and ordinary demand systems were used to appropriately specify the demand system.Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Experimental data on Helically Coiled Oscillating Heat Pipe (HCOHP) design and thermal performance

Experimental and derived data from three Helically Coiled Oscillating Heat Pipes (HCOHPs) charged with ethanol, methanol and deionized water working fluids respectively are presented. The data was obtained from prototypes of the HCOHPs fabricated out of copper and tested under laboratory conditions. The primary data presented covers the HCOHP aspects, charging of the working fluid and temperature measurements from Omega K-type Thermocouples installed on the evaporators, condensers, adiabatic sections, and on the cylindrical copper vessel integrated with it. The derived data covers the HCOHPs performances and thermal contact resistance experienced during laboratory testing. The data on the aspects and charging of the working fluid provides useful information for the validation of design parameters of other heat pipes. The measured temperature data and the derived performance data can used to validate the performance of heat pipes in other studies and to depict performance profiles in standard text and reference books. The nature of the data presented as a whole would be useful for comparative analysis involving heat pipes and other passive heat transfer devices

Exchange Rates Impacts on Agricultural Inputs Prices using VAR

The effects of the U.S. dollar exchange rate versus the Mexican peso are evaluated for four traded nonfarm-produced inputs (fertilizer, chemicals, farm machinery, and feed) in the U.S. Unit root tests suggest that the exchange rate and the four input price ratios support the presence of unit roots with a trend model but the presence unit roots can be rejected in the first difference model. This result is consistent with a fixed price/flex price conceptual framework, with industrial prices more likely to be unresponsive to the exchange rate than farm commodity prices.exchange rate, pass-through, law of one price, SUR, VAR, Agribusiness, Financial Economics, International Relations/Trade, F14, F31, F36, F42, C23,

WELFARE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GROSS WATER PUMPED AND CONSUMPTIVE USE AS ALTERNATIVE POLICY CONTROL VARIABLES TO MEET AQUIFER MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES

The welfare cost of using gross water pumped instead of consumptive use as a control variable to meet consumptive use goal was estimated for Southwestern Nebraska. The results show that the widespread use of gross water as a policy control variable substantially overstates the welfare cost of reducing consumptive use.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Increased Cocoa Bean Exports under Trade Liberalization: A Gravity Model Approach

Gravity models were developed to estimate the potential bilateral exports of cocoa under trade liberalization by the sixteen major cocoa producing countries to the US using panel data from 1989 to 2003. The results indicate that differences between resource endowment, relative size of economies, and the sum of bilateral GDP of U.S. and exporting countries are the major determinants. Thus, as trade is liberalized, farmers share of the world price of cocoa increases and this raises exports.Gravity models, Bilateral exports, Market liberalization, Cocoa, Fixed Effects Model, Random Effects Model, Pooled O.L.S., International Relations/Trade, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, F10, F13,

Does the WTO Increase Trade? The Case of U.S. Cocoa Imports from WTO-Member Producing Countries

Replaced with revised version of paper 06/08/2010.Gravity models, Exports, Market liberalization, Cocoa, Fixed Effects, Random Effects and Pooled Models, International Relations/Trade, F10, F13,

Numerical investigation of fire in the cavity of naturally ventilated double skin façade with venetian blinds

Double skin façades (DSFs), offer great views, architectural aesthetics, and energy savings. Yet, in a fire event the glass façade breaks leading to risks to human life and firefighting difficulties. Shading devices incorporated to prevent unfavourable heat gains to reduce cooling load though offer energy savings potentially present other challenges in firefighting and occupants’ evacuation. In this study, Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS) was used to numerically investigate the spread of a 5 MW HRR polyurethane GM27 fire in a multi-storey double skin façade building with Venetian blinds placed in its cavity. The blinds were positioned 0.4 m away from the internal glazing, middle of the cavity and 0.4 m away from the external glazing respectively. In each blind position the slat angle was opened at 0°, 45°, 90° and 135° respectively. The results show peak inner glazing surface temperature ranged between 283°C to 840°C depending on the thermocouple position, the Venetian blind position and slat opening angle. Without Venetian blinds, peak inner glazing surface temperatures ranged between 468°C to 614°C. In all cases except when the slat angle was 0° and the blind was positioned closer to the outer glazing, the inner glazing surface temperature from the closest thermocouple (TC 14) above the fire room exceeded 600°C, the glass breakage temperature threshold. Overall, the Venetian blind position and slat opening angle influenced the spread of fire. Venetian blind combustibility and flammability were not considered and therefore recommended for future studies

Numerical data on fire in the cavity of naturally ventilated double skin façade with Venetian blinds

This Data Article presents simulation data and methodology on fire in the cavity of naturally ventilated Double Skin Façade (DSF) with Venetian blinds. The simulation data includes glazing surface temperature data and the Input and Output Source Code files. The data for the validation of the model is also presented along with its methodology, input source code file and output temperature results. The comprehensive methodology used to obtain this data from the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST) Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) and PyroSim are presented. The data presented can provide theoretical benchmarks for architects, engineers, researchers, and designers when incorporating Venetian blinds in DSFs. It can also help fire fighters and engineers to theoretically assess the spread of fire in buildings with DSFs incorporating Venetian blinds

Cybercrime and Risks for Cyber Physical Systems

Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) is the integration of computation and physical systems that make a complete system such as the network, software, embedded systems, and physical components. Major industries such as industrial plants, transport, national grid, and communication systems depend heavily on CPS for financial and economic growth. However, these components may have inherent threats and vulnerabilities on them that may run the risk of being attacked, manipulated or exploited by cyber attackers and commit cybercrimes. Cybercriminals in their quest to bring down these systems may cause disruption of services either for fame, data theft, revenge, political motive, economic war, cyber terrorism, and cyberwar. Therefore, identifying the risks has become imperative in mitigating the cybercrimes. This paper seeks to identify cybercrimes and risks that are associated with a smart grid business application system to determine the motives and intents of the cybercriminal. The paper identified four goals to mitigate the risks: as business value, organizational requirements, threat agent and impact vectors. We used the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the importance of the goals that contribute to identifying cybercrime and risks in CPS. For the results, a case study is used to identify the threat and vulnerable spots and the prioritized goals are then used to assess the risks using a semi-quantitative approach to determine the net threat level. The results indicate that using the AHP approach to identify cybercrime and risk on CPS provides specific risk mitigation goals

BSE and the US Economy: Input-Output Model Perspective

The potential impact of a BSE outbreak on the US economy is modeled in input-output setting using 2002 US IMPLAN data. An outbreak of BSE would hurt the US beef industry, other agriculturally-related industry, and the rest of the economy as a whole. The worse effects occur in the beef cattle and farming industries. Generally, the economy of every county would be hurt given the fact that cattle are produced in all the 50 states. But it is apparent that the damage would be substantial in those regions and households which already suffer the severest economic damage.Livestock Production/Industries,