Recreational fisheries in the UK: natural capital, ecosystem services, threats, and management

The island nature of the UK has led to its long history of commercial marine fisheries, with associated recreational fisheries along and near to its extensive shoreline. In addition, an abundance of fresh waters provides extensive recreational fisheries, but few commercial fisheries, on rivers and lakes where catch-and-release is prevalent. Here, an overview is presented of these fisheries by describing their main features using the concepts of natural capital and ecosystem services and then considering the threats that they face and the management that has been developed in response. In the marine environment, a wide range of fish species is targeted, but the Orders Gadiformes, Perciformes, and Pleuronectiformes are particularly important. Far fewer species are available for exploitation in fresh waters, but the Orders Cypriniformes, Perciformes, and Salmoniformes are fished extensively. In total, the UK has in excess of three million recreational anglers in a population of approximately 65 million people. Threats to UK recreational fisheries include overfishing, physical habitat modification, acidification, chemical pollution, eutrophication, endocrine disrupters, nanoparticles, species introductions, and climate change. Great scientific and management advances have been made such that most of the required aquatic biological management activities are now based on mature science and are in many cases now largely operational matters. In addition, the work of the UK statutory bodies for fisheries is increasingly supplemented by the efforts of more independent groups, including through citizen science. Ecosystem-based management is now commonplace and activities have expanded above and away from the water to include the management of anglers and other members of society. The UK’s recreational fisheries continue to face substantial challenges, but there are also substantial grounds for great optimism for their future

The Lurking Costs of Green Technology Metals in a Global Market

As the global market faces the challenge of responding to climate change, including how to convert to a green economy that uses renewable resources, it is critical to examine domestic and international legal frameworks implicated at various points in the life cycle of metallic ore resources employed in “clean” or “green” technology. Although the products themselves may or may not be environmentally-sound because of their source production or their transformation into waste at the end of their life, consumer demand for the green labeling will continue to drive the production of such technology. International law and policy frameworks must take into account the consequences of environmental “solutions” by negotiating protective measures against the pollution created at various stages of the life cycle of these metals and creating incentives to induce responsible trade practices to prevent a “race to the bottom” by governments willing to mine, process, and ultimately dispose of spent materials

The Effects of Trauma on Adjustment to College for Children of Missionaries

Missionary Kids (MKs) encounter challenges in adjusting to college due to cross-cultural transitions and unique experiences related to missionary life. Though trauma is more common among missionaries than for the general American population, little is known regarding the impact of past trauma on missionary kids as they adjust to college. This study compared adjustment to college and psychological well-being of missionary kids and students who are not children of missionaries. The extent to which students have experienced trauma was used as a covariate in the study. MK students were recruited through college organizations and missions’ agencies. They were asked to fill out a survey with measures of past trauma, psychological wellbeing, resilience and college adjustment at the beginning of second semester of their first year of college. Participants who completed the first survey were sent a follow up survey three months later to measure continued college-adjustment and resilience. Consistent with my hypothesis, resilience was positively correlated with college adjustment for both MKs and our comparison group. Contrary to my hypothesis, the MKs in this study did not report more trauma than their non-MK peers. Their scores for resilience and overall college adjustment were also similar topeers’. MKs did report significantly more homesickness in their second semester of college. This finding is consistent with the well-documented grief and loss experienced by MKs. Future support for MKs should take into account the impact of complex grief on college adjustment

The Venezuelan Armed Forces in politics, 1935-1959

Bibliography: page [218]-233The purpose of this study is to analyze the political role of the Venezuelan military from the death of Gen. Juan Vicente Gomez in 1935 to the presidency of Romulo Betancourt in 1959. This analysis should contribute to a clearer understanding of the nature of military involvement in the national politics of a medium-sized Latin American nation. It should also serve as an additional case study for the comparative analysis of military politics in this hemisphere.From caudillism to militarism -- A decade of transition -- The October 18 rebellion -- The November 24 Coup d'Etat -- A decade of military rule -- The January 23 insurrection -- Back to the barracks -- The military's role redefinedDigitized at the University of Missouri--Columbia MU Libraries Digitization Lab in 2012. Digitized at 600 dpi with Zeutschel, OS 15000 scanner. Access copy, available in MOspace, is 400 dpi, grayscale