Regime, the State and Society: Analyzing the Implementation of International Environmental Commitments

In this paper, the relationship between international regimes, states, and societies is examined. The interactions between these levels moderate the influence of international agreements and rules on behavior: they help determine when international agreements are effective. The paper offers one major context for studying the domestic implementation of international agreements, and for developing theories that explain how international agreements influence down to the local level. The authors review and develop numerous hypotheses about the factors that explain successful domestic implementation, and the balance of the roles of the state and non-state actors (e.g. NGOs). The main perspective they propose is one that concentrates on "access" to and "participation" in the policy-making and implementation process as a fruitful way to unravel the main factors that explain effectiveness, as well as the major policy tools available to improve effectiveness of international environmental agreements. The authors also review literature in important fields: domestic public policy implementation, international regimes, and the concept of "compliance"

Environmental performance assessment of european countries

The European Union(EU) has been promoting an integrated approach to climate protection and energy policy, through a set of key objectives for 2020, 2030 and 2050, linking Europe’s green agenda with its need for energy security and competitiveness.This paper aims to evaluate the environmental efficiency of European Countries from 2010 to 2015 towards the set targets, through a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model.The DEA model assesses the ability of each country in minimizing current resources while maximizing the gross domestic product and minimizing undesirable outputs,such as GHG emissions.The DEA model is based on directional distance Function, imposing weak disposability for the undesirable output. Results obtained show that globally, in the period under analysis, the EU has increased its environmental efficiency which is consistent with the analysis of the indicators of the 2020 climate and energy package.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Origins and Development of the EU ETS

European Union Emissions Trading Scheme, History, Single market,

Friendly neighbor or Trojan Horse? Assessing the interaction of soft law initiatives and the UN climate regime

Climate change, UNFCCC, Asia–Pacific Partnership, Major economies meeting, G8, Institutional interaction, Soft law, Hard law,