Hole burning in a nanomechanical resonator coupled to a Cooper pair box

We propose a scheme to create holes in the statistical distribution of excitations of a nanomechanical resonator. It employs a controllable coupling between this system and a Cooper pair box. The success probability and the fidelity are calculated and compared with those obtained in the atom-field system via distinct schemes. As an application we show how to use the hole-burning scheme to prepare (low excited) Fock states.Comment: 7 pages, 10 figure

The hypertension cascade of care in the midst of conflict: the case of the Gaza Strip

Although hypertension constitutes a substantial burden in conflict-affected areas, little is known about its prevalence, control, and management in Gaza. This study aims to estimate the prevalence and correlates of hypertension, its diagnosis and control among adults in Gaza. We conducted a representative, cross-sectional, anonymous, household survey of 4576 persons older than 40 years in Gaza in mid-2020. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews, anthropometric, and blood pressure measurements. Hypertension was defined in anyone with an average systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or average diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg from two consecutive readings or a hypertension diagnosis. The mean age of participants was 56.9 ± 10.5 years, 54.0% were female and 68.5% were Palestinian refugees. The prevalence of hypertension was 56.5%, of whom 71.5% had been diagnosed. Hypertension was significantly higher among older participants, refugees, ex-smokers, those who were overweight or obese, and had other co-morbidities including mental illnesses. Two-thirds (68.3%) of those with hypertension were on treatment with one in three (35.6%) having their hypertension controlled. Having controlled hypertension was significantly higher in females, those receiving all medications for high blood pressure and those who never or rarely added salt to food. Investing in comprehensive but cost-effective initiatives that strengthen the prevention, early detection and timely treatment of hypertension in conflict settings is critical. It is essential to better understand the underlying barriers behind the lack of control and develop multi-sectoral programs to address these barriers

The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy amongst women with osteoporosis: an international epidemiological investigation

INTRODUCTION: Vitamin D is essential for calcium metabolism as well as for fracture prevention, and a recent review suggested that the optimal serum 25(OH)D lies in the region of 50-80 nmol L-1 (20-32 ng mL-1). A high prevalence of inadequacy has been reported in many studies but the prevalence of inadequacy amongst women with osteoporosis in different regions of the world has not been well characterized. SETTING AND SUBJECTS: A multinational study of 18 countries at various latitudes (range 64N-38S) was conducted in 2004 and 2005 to determine the average levels of serum 25(OH)D and the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy. A total of 2606 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (low bone mineral density, history of fragility fracture) seeking routine medical care were enrolled and serum 25(OH)D levels were measured at a single laboratory visit. RESULTS: Mean serum 25(OH)D level was 26.8 ng mL-1 (SE 0.3) and ranged from 7 to 243 ng mL-1. Regional mean values were highest in Latin America (29.6 ng mL-1, SE 0.6) and lowest in the Middle East (20.4 ng mL-1, SE 0.5). Overall, 64% of women had serum levels35 ng mL-1. In nonequatorial countries, women recruited during the winter months had somewhat lower serum 25(OH)D levels than those recruited during the summer months in some, but not all, countries. CONCLUSIONS: Low levels of serum 25(OH)D are common amongst women with osteoporosis. The results underscore the value of assuring vitamin D adequacy in these women

Étude des liens entre angle de phase et composition corporelle en impédancemétrie chez 163 patients suivis en consultation externe de nutrition

International audienceIntroduction et but de l’étudeL’impédancemétrie bioélectrique mesure la résistance au passage d’un courant électrique alternatif indolore à travers le corps. C’est une méthode d’application aisée pour la mesure de la composition corporelle des patients, notamment dénutris. L’examen permet d’obtenir l’angle de phase (AP ; normale > 5,6°), critère biophysique reflétant le fonctionnement cellulaire, ainsi que la masse maigre (MM) et la masse grasse (MG) de l’organisme. L’étude cherchait à déterminer quels critères de composition corporelle et d’état clinique et métabolique pouvaient influencer l’AP de patients venant en consultation externe de nutrition.Matériel et méthodesL’étude était prospective sur deux mois, auprès de patients ayant de manière usuelle le relevé des critères suivants : âge, sexe, tour de taille, poids, indice de masse corporelle (IMC), dépense énergétique de repos calculée (DER ; formules de Harris Benedict), état nutritionnel, tension artérielle, AP, MM et MG par impédancemétrie multifréquence (QuadScan4000 Bodystat®), pathologie principale, présence ou non d’une nutrition artificielle. L’analyse statistique utilisait le test de Student, l’ANOVA, et l’analyse multivariée par régression logistique pas à pas descendante pour expliquer le critère AP (variables incluses si p < 0,25 en analyse univariée). Le seuil de significativité était p < 0,05.Résultats et analyse statistiqueCent-soixante-trois patients consécutifs (hommes : 27,6 % ; femmes : 72,4 %) étaient inclus, d’âge 53 ± 17 ans, d’IMC = 27,4 ± 9,4, DER = 1430 ± 331 kcal/j. Parmi, 26,4 % des patients étaient dénutris (AP dénutris = 4,32 ± 0,86° versus 5,26 ± 1,00° non dénutris p < 0,0001). Parmi, 36,2 % des patients étaient obèses (AP obèses = 5,66 ± 0,83° versus 4,65 ± 1,00° non obèses p < 0,0001). L’AP moyen était à 5,02 ± 1,06°, 69,3 % des patients avaient un AP < 5,6°, la MG était mesurée à 27,5 ± 17,3 kg, la MM à 45,1 ± 13,4 kg. Les pathologies, très hétérogènes, n’étaient pas incluses dans l’analyse. 12,7 % des patients étaient en nutrition artificielle. En analyse multivariée, deux facteurs seulement étaient liés à l’AP : l’âge, de manière négative, avec un OR = 0,94 (IC95 % : 0,91–0,97) lorsque l’âge augmentait d’une année, et la MM, positivement liée, avec un OR = 1,11 (IC95 % : 1,07–1,16) lorsque la MM augmentait d’un kg.ConclusionCette étude est la seule réalisée sur une population de personnes atteintes de pathologies nutritionnelles et vues en consultation externe de nutrition. Elle n’a cependant pas pu prendre en compte la gravité des pathologies des patients suivis. L’AP baisse avec l’âge, et augmente avec la MM des patients. Les résultats vont dans le même sens que des études chez des personnes en bonne santé 1, 2, 3. Ce travail suggère que les patients âgés et/ou sarcopéniques pourraient bénéficier de mesures de l’AP

Jo?o Monlevade street market : socioeconomic diagnosis, structural and governance system

A crescente procura por alimentos saud?veis e sem agrot?xico e o ambiente prop?cio para o conv?vio social atrai pessoas de diferentes perfis ?s feiras livres. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente estudo ? avaliar os aspectos essenciais referentes ? estrutura f?sica, social e econ?mica da Feira Livre de Jo?o Monlevade sob perspectiva de consumidores, n?o consumidores e feirantes e propor um novo sistema de governan?a de feira. Para isto, foram utilizados recursos como visitas in loco, observa??o, verbaliza??es estruturais, conversas informais e pesquisas bibliogr?ficas. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa possibilitou o conhecimento mais aprofundado sobre a realidade da Feira Livre de Jo?o Monlevade e consequentemente, atrav?s do apoio dos ?rg?os respons?veis locais, ser? poss?vel realizar reparos adequados que possam torn?-la uma importante forma de manifesta??o cultural na cidade e um local de entretenimento para os diferentes p?blicos presentes na sociedade.The growing demand for healthy food and without pesticides and the environment conducive to social interaction attracts people of different profiles to the streets markets. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the essential aspects regarding the physical, social and economic structure of the Street Market of Jo?o Monlevade from the perspective of consumers, non-consumers and marketers, and propose a new street market governance system. For this, resources such as on-site visits, observation, structural verbalizations, informal conversations and bibliographical research were used. In this context, this research made possible a more in-depth knowledge about the reality of the Street Market of Jo?o Monlevade and consequently, through the support of the local responsible organs, it will be possible to make adequate repairs that can make it an important form of cultural manifestation in the city and a place of entertainment for the different publics present in society