9 research outputs found

    Altruismo y exclusión social

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    [ES]Este proyecto va dirigido al estudio de los conceptos y los patrones de la exclusión social desde una perspectiva económica. Desde el punto de vista teórico, se pretende plantear modelos que analicen las implicaciones del altruismo en relación a la lucha contra situaciones de pobreza y exclusión social, profundizando en el estudio con las herramientas que proporciona la economía experimental. Desde el punto de vista empírico, se analizan los factores que han llevado a retrocesos en la dimensión de pobreza y exclusión social de la estrategia Europa 2020. Los indicadores AROPE se basan únicamente en el recuento de excluidos y, en consecuencia, no incorporan el grado de intensidad de la exclusión que es la base de los indicadores multidimensionales de la pobreza como el IPM. Por ello, se plantea dar definiciones alternativas de medidas que permitan caracterizar la sensibilidad de los indicadores de pobreza y exclusión social, integrando en la medición la proporción de excluidos con la intensidad de la exclusión. Se pretende identificar patrones de exclusión y grupos de especial riesgo, estudiando la contribución de los posibles factores causales

    The proximity condition

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    We investigate the social choice implications of what we call "the proximity condition". Loosely speaking, this condition says that whenever a profile moves "closer" to some individual's point of view, then the social choice cannot move "further away" from this individual's point of view. We apply this idea in two settings: merging functions and preference aggregation. The precise formulation of the proximity condition depends on the setting. First, restricting attention to merging functions that are interval scale invariant, we prove that the only functions that satisfy proximity are dictatorships. Second, we prove that the only social welfare functions that satisfy proximity and a version of the Pareto criterion are dictatorships. We conclude that either proximity is not an attractive normative requirement after all, or we must give up some other social choice condition. Another possibility is that our normative intuition about proximity needs to be codified using different axioms

    Endogenous market regulation in a signaling model of lobby formation

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    This paper aims at explaining industry protection in a context in which the government cannot observe the state of market demand. We develop an asymmetric information model and use the tools of contract theory in order to understand (i) how the level of industry protection is endogenously determined, and (ii) why some industries decide to engage in large lobbying costs to become politically active. Our model offers plausible explanations to phenomena such as the "loser's paradox", where weak industries receive the most protection although strong industries are the ones that spend more resources on lobbying activities. The model also allows for an analysis of the influence that lobbying costs have on the decision to organize actively as a lobby
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