29 research outputs found

    T锟絛liche intralumbale Ammoniakintoxikation

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    Practical application research infrared by power industry

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    Wykorzystanie kamery termowizyjnej do oceny stanu technicznego aparatury rozdzielczej i dystrybucyjnej systemu energetycznego ma bezpo艣redni wp艂yw na zachowanie ci膮g艂o艣ci dostaw energii elektrycznej. Szczeg贸lne warunki 艣rodowiskowe, odnosz膮 si臋 bezpo艣rednio do sposobu interpretacji wynik贸w pomiar贸w. Zaprezentowane przyk艂ady bada艅 termowizyjnych, obrazuj膮 mechanizmy dzia艂a艅 stosowane w praktyce zawodowej. Uzmys艂awiaj膮, 偶e zignorowanie nawet najmniejszych nieprawid艂owo艣ci mo偶e skutkowa膰 rozleg艂膮 awari膮 systemu energetycznego. Natomiast prawid艂owa weryfikacja termogram贸w umo偶liwia diagnostyk臋 sytemu bez konieczno艣ci pozbawiania dop艂ywu energii elektrycznej do odbiorc贸w przemys艂owych i indywidualnych.The use of a thermal imaging cameras to analyze the technical condition of the switchgear and distribution of the energy system has a direct impact on the continuity of electricity supply. Specific environmental conditions relate directly to how to interpret the results. The presented examples of research of the thermal imaging, illustrate the mechanisms of action used in professional practice. They make clear that ignoring even the smallest irregularities may result in the failure of an extensive energy systems. Whereas the correct verification of the thermal image allows diagnostics of the system without depriving voltage transmission facilities and thus without disconnecting customers

    Thermal insulation tests in 15kV distribution stations

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    Pomiary termowizyjne s膮 doskona艂膮 metod膮 szybkiej diagnostyki systemu elektroenergetycznego, nie mniej jednak s膮 obarczone pewnymi niedoskona艂o艣ciami. B艂臋dy pope艂niane w trakcie badania mog膮 wp艂yn膮膰 na ich wynik i spowodowa膰, 偶e ich interpretacja nie b臋dzie rzetelna. Opr贸cz typowej niepewno艣ci pomiaru wynikaj膮cej min. z przyczyn sprz臋towych, zdarzaj膮 si臋 r贸wnie偶 b艂臋dy przypadkowe, kt贸rych 藕r贸d艂o jest w og贸lnym przypadku trudne do zidentyfikowania. Umiej臋tno艣膰 ich unikania, znajomo艣膰 sprz臋tu badawczego oraz prawid艂owe rozpoznanie 艣rodowiska wykonywania pomiar贸w pozwalaj膮 uzyska膰 wiarygodne termogramy.Thermovision measurements are an excellent method of quick diagnostics of the power system, however, they are burdened with some imperfections. Mistakes made during the test can offset the results and make the interpretation of the thermograms unreliable. In addition to the typical uncertainty of measurement resulting from min. due to hardware reasons, there are also accidental errors whose origin address is diametrically opposed. The ability to avoid them, knowledge of test equipment and correct recognition of the measurement environment allow us to obtain reliable thermograms

    Analiza numeryczna napr臋偶e艅 cieplnych w warstwie w臋glowej otrzymanej w procesie RF PECVD na powierzchni wkr臋ta kostnego

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    For many years, research on carbon films has been stimulated by the need to simultaneously optimize their biological and mechanical properties and by the challenges related to their deposition on medical implants. The residual mechanical stress occurring inside deposited films is the most important mechanical parameter which leads to the total destruction of these films by cracking and peeling. In the present work, we systematically studied the effect of ion bombardment during the process of radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF PECVD) by monitoring the temperature distribution on a cannulated screw using the infrared technique. The obtained experimental and finite element modeling (FEM) results show that stresses in carbon films deposited on a cannulated screw are quite inhomogeneous and depend on the geometry of the sample and the relative position of the studied contact area between the substrate/film interface and the surface of the film.Od wielu lat prowadzone s膮 badania maj膮ce na celu zredukowanie napr臋偶e艅, w w臋glowych warstwach stosowanych na implanty medyczne, bez pogorszenia w艂asno艣ci mechanicznych i biologicznych. Niemniej jednak poznanie mechanizm贸w wywo艂uj膮cych napr臋偶enia wymaga szczeg贸艂owej analizy numerycznej. Wysoka warto艣膰 napr臋偶e艅 mechanicznych wyst臋puj膮cych w osadzanych warstwach prowadzi poprzez p臋kanie i odwarstwienie do ich ca艂kowitego zniszczenia, co znacz膮co organiczna praktyczne wykorzystanie warstw w臋glowych. W prezentowanej pracy, przeanalizowano wp艂yw bombardowania jon贸w podczas procesu plazmochemicznego (RF PECVD) na rozk艂ad temperatury na powierzchni 艣ruby ortopedycznej przy u偶yciu kamery termowizyjnej. Przeprowadzone eksperymenty i uzyskane rezultaty modelowania (MES) pokaza艂y, ze napr臋偶enia w warstwach w臋glowych osadzonych na 艣rubie ortopedycznej sa niejednorodne i zale偶膮 od rzeczywistej powierzchni styku pomi臋dzy pod艂o偶em a pow艂oka jak i geometrii samej pr贸bki

    Safety and efficacy of cervical disc arthroplasty in preventing the adjacent segment disease: a meta-analysis of mid- to long-term outcomes in prospective, randomized, controlled multicenter studies

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    Dariusz Latka,1,2 Klaudia Kozlowska,3 Grzegorz Miekisiak,1,2 Kajetan Latka,2 Jacek Chowaniec,2 Tomasz Olbrycht,2 Miroslaw Latka3 1Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medicine, University of Opole, Opole, Poland; 2Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital in Opole, Opole, Poland; 3Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland Objectives: Cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) has become an alternative treatment for cervical radiculopathy and myelopathy. This technique preserves appropriate motion at both the index and adjacent disc levels and consequently may prevent adjacent segment degeneration (ASD). The authors performed a meta-analysis to compare the safety and efficacy of CDA to those of the gold standard, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Both surgical and clinical parameters were employed to verify the hypothesis that CDA can reduce the risk of ASD.Methods: The meta-analysis comprised high-quality randomized controlled trials that compared CDA and ACDF treatments of cervical degenerative disc disease. Included papers reported data for at least one of the following outcomes: 1) surgical parameters, 2) questionnaire clinical indices (pre- and postoperative values), and 3) complication rates at 24 months; in addition, for ASD we analyzed 60 month or longer follow-ups. We used mean differences (MDs) or ORs to compare treatment effects between CDA and ACDF.Results: Twenty studies with 3,656 patients (2,140 with CDA and 1,516 with ACDF) met the inclusion criteria. CDA surgery, with mean duration longer than that of ACDF, was associated with higher blood loss. Visual analog scale neck pain score was significantly smaller for CDA (mean difference =-2.30, 95% CI [-3.72; -0.87], P=0.002). The frequency of dysphagia/dysphonia (OR =0.69, 95% CI [0.49; 0.98], P=0.04) as well as the long-term ASD rate for CDA was significantly smaller (OR =0.33, 95% CI [0.21; 0.50], P<0.0001).Conclusion: A significantly lower probability of ASD reoperations in the CDA cohort after a 60-month or longer follow-up was the most important finding of this study. Despite the moderate quality of this evidence, the pooled data corroborated for the very first time that CDA was efficacious in preventing ASD. Keywords: cervical disc arthroplasty, CDA, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, ACDF, cervical degenerative disc disease, CDDD, meta-analysis, randomized controlled trial, RCT, cervical total disc replacement, CTDR &nbsp

    Forensic Psychiatry in Poland

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