The Addition of Bromine to Crotonic Acid and to Ethyl Crotonate under Various Conditions

Many chemical and physical reactions are accompanied by changes in weight of the reactants due to evaporation of liquids, evolution of gases, or adsorption of gases. Studies are made using data which show the manner in which the weight changes with time. Kinetic studies are made from a knowledge of the rate of loss or gain of a component. The drying of a precipitate to constant weight involves a loss in weight. Rates of evaporation of liquids from different types of surfaces involve changes of weight as a function of time. Several instruments and methods are used to follow weight changes. Gas buret systems are used to measure the volume of a gaseous component which is adding to or subtracting from the weight of a reactant. The ordinary analytical balance is used to follow weight changes by making intermittent weighings. This latter method involves tedious operations and interruptions of the treatment of the reactants. Effort has been put forth to devise instruments which will automatically weigh substances and record these weighings on some type of graph. Gregg and Wintle (1) devised a glass automatic electrical sorption balance. Gregg (2) later described a recording system for this type balance. Eyrand (3) reported a glass sorption balance of a somewhat different type. Duval (4) described a thermal balance that automatically records changes in weight on film. Described in this paper is an instrument attached to a modified ordinary analytical balance which automatically records on graph paper changes in weight as a function of time

Casimir effect due to a single boundary as a manifestation of the Weyl problem

The Casimir self-energy of a boundary is ultraviolet-divergent. In many cases the divergences can be eliminated by methods such as zeta-function regularization or through physical arguments (ultraviolet transparency of the boundary would provide a cutoff). Using the example of a massless scalar field theory with a single Dirichlet boundary we explore the relationship between such approaches, with the goal of better understanding the origin of the divergences. We are guided by the insight due to Dowker and Kennedy (1978) and Deutsch and Candelas (1979), that the divergences represent measurable effects that can be interpreted with the aid of the theory of the asymptotic distribution of eigenvalues of the Laplacian discussed by Weyl. In many cases the Casimir self-energy is the sum of cutoff-dependent (Weyl) terms having geometrical origin, and an "intrinsic" term that is independent of the cutoff. The Weyl terms make a measurable contribution to the physical situation even when regularization methods succeed in isolating the intrinsic part. Regularization methods fail when the Weyl terms and intrinsic parts of the Casimir effect cannot be clearly separated. Specifically, we demonstrate that the Casimir self-energy of a smooth boundary in two dimensions is a sum of two Weyl terms (exhibiting quadratic and logarithmic cutoff dependence), a geometrical term that is independent of cutoff, and a non-geometrical intrinsic term. As by-products we resolve the puzzle of the divergent Casimir force on a ring and correct the sign of the coefficient of linear tension of the Dirichlet line predicted in earlier treatments.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure, minor changes to the text, extra references added, version to be published in J. Phys.

2020-05-14 DAILY UNM GLOBAL HEALTH COVID-19 BRIEFING

Executive Summary: NM restrictions loosen. NM case count. Navajo Nation case count. 9 state parks open. Sunport revenue loss. Trump projects vaccine delivery. Wisconsin court case. Smokers quit. Ireland reopening. Danish schools open. Philippine typhoon evacuation. PPE-induced pressure injuries and facial dermatoses. U.S. mask stockpile. PPE for surgeons. Intubation time with aerosol box. Consumer spending with social restrictions. Suicide increase expected. Undetected virus homeless. Chinese infection control. 5% Spain infected. Sanitizing booth. Healthcare worker infection routes. Kawasaki disease France. CDC Kawaski guidance. Italian deaths characterized. CDC reopening school guidance. COVID-19 and epistemology. Monitoring misleading claims. UN mental health policy brief. CDC vaccination schedules. Guidelines on managing endoscopy units. COVID-19 lab testing (for lab professionals). Cancer surgery triage. Operating room practices. Orthodontic treatment. 3D printed NP swabs effective. Salt-water irrigation reduces duration. Corticosteroids ineffectual. Vaccines require biomanufacturing infrastructure. French pharm giant promises fair vaccine distribution. 26 new trials registered. LDH, lymphocytes and hs-CRP predict mortality. Fibrinogen higher in SARS. Insulin resistance. Glycemic monitoring. Hemostasis abnormalities. New phobia scale. OR global consensus. Inpatient cognitive assessments are challenging. Loud speech increases transmission. Monkeys present similarly. Human-to-dog transmission. Cat transmission

Question Formulation Skills Training Using a Rubric with First-Year Medical Students. Dataset

The attached dataset consists of survey responses organized in the following manner. Column 1: De-identified student number Column 2: Cohort Class of 2022 Column 3: Pre-Test Score