Status and Objectives of the Dedicated Accelerator R&D Facility "SINBAD" at DESY

We present a status update on the dedicated R\&D facility SINBAD which is currently under construction at DESY. The facility will host multiple independent experiments on the acceleration of ultra-short electron bunches and novel, high gradient acceleration methods. The first experiment is the ARES-experiment with a normal conducting 100\,MeV S-band linac at its core. We present the objectives of this experiment ranging from the study of compression techniques to sub-fs level to its application as injector for various advanced acceleration schemes e.g. the plans to use ARES as a test-site for DLA experiments in the context of the ACHIP collaboration. The time-line including the planned extension with laser driven plasma-wakefield acceleration is presented. The second initial experiment is AXSIS which aims to accelerate fs-electron bunches to 15\,MeV in a THz driven dielectric structure and subsequently create X-rays by inverse Compton scattering.Comment: EAAC'17 conference proceeding

The synaptic scaffold protein MPP2 interacts with GABA(A) receptors at the periphery of the postsynaptic density of glutamatergic synapses

Recent advances in imaging technology have highlighted that scaffold proteins and receptors are arranged in subsynaptic nanodomains. The synaptic membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) scaffold protein membrane protein palmitoylated 2 (MPP2) is a component of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor-associated protein complexes and also binds to the synaptic cell adhesion molecule SynCAM 1. Using superresolution imaging, we show that-like SynCAM 1-MPP2 is situated at the periphery of the postsynaptic density (PSD). In order to explore MPP2-associated protein complexes, we used a quantitative comparative proteomics approach and identified multiple γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)(A) receptor subunits among novel synaptic MPP2 interactors. In line with a scaffold function for MPP2 in the assembly and/or modulation of intact GABA(A) receptors, manipulating MPP2 expression had effects on inhibitory synaptic transmission. We further show that GABA(A) receptors are found together with MPP2 in a subset of dendritic spines and thus highlight MPP2 as a scaffold that serves as an adaptor molecule, linking peripheral synaptic elements critical for inhibitory regulation to central structures at the PSD of glutamatergic synapses

Elite Influence? Religion, Economics, and the Rise of the Nazis

Adolf Hitler's seizure of power was one of the most consequential events of the twentieth century. Yet, our understanding of which factors fueled the astonishing rise of the Nazis remains highly incomplete. This paper shows that religion played an important role in the Nazi party's electoral success -- dwarfing all available socioeconomic variables. To obtain the first causal estimates we exploit plausibly exogenous variation in the geographic distribution of Catholics and Protestants due to a peace treaty in the sixteenth century. Even after allowing for sizeable violations of the exclusion restriction, the evidence indicates that Catholics were significantly less likely to vote for the Nazi Party than Protestants. Consistent with the historical record, our results are most naturally rationalized by a model in which the Catholic Church leaned on believers to vote for the democratic Zentrum Party, whereas the Protestant Church remained politically neutral

Emission of nitrous oxide from combustion in pulverized-fuel boilers and fluidized boilers

The objective of the study was to analyze the emission of N2O during selective non-catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides( using ammonia and urea as reducing agents) with co-removal of SO2 and NOx from the flue gases leaving pulverized-huel boilers and fluidized boilers. The concentrations of air-borne N2O were not found to create hazards to human beings ( no strict environmental regulations pertaining to that gas had been issued so far ). However,there is much likelihood that such hazards will appear in the future,if we take into account the depletion of ozone in the stratosphere and the ever increasing greenhouse effect

Noncatalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in flue gases escaping from boilers

The potential for an enhancement of the flue gas denitrification process was analyzed, particular consideration being given to nitrogen oxides removal within the burning zone. Examined was the contribution of two major factors - that of the urea/nitrogen oxide molar ratio to the volume of the flue gas emitted by the boiler, and that of the urea solution concentration to the efficiency of the denitrification process. It was found that, with a 10% and 40% urea solution and with a urea/nitrogen ratio which varied from 1.0 to 3.0, the efficiency of denitrification ranged between 30 and 70%

Odazotowanie spalin z elektrociepłowni

The objective of the reported study wasto investigate theselective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) of nitrogen oxides via an industrial FGD system operated by a heat and power station. Assessed were the following issues: the effect of a calcium hydroxide—urea mixture, or a calcium carbonate-urea mixture (added to the combustion zone), on nitrogen oxide concentrations in the flue gas, the effect of the Ca/S ratio on the efficiency of the FGD process (depending on the sorbent used}, the effect of the reagent mixture/nitrogen oxide ratio on the denitrogenation of the flue gas, and the effect of boiler loading on the denitrogenation of the flue gas. A major advantage of theSNCR method is that it enables a co-removal of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from the flue gases of a heat and power station

Flue gas desulphurization (FGD) by the FHW method

The paper includes a detailed account of available FGD methods. In this account, special consideration is given to new, competitive, technique offered under the brand name of FHW technology. This is a dry process which involves injection of wetted sorbent (not wetted flue gas) into the reactor. Experiments have shown that in Poland the FHW technology can be of utility when applied for the purification on flue gases from boiler rooms or heat and power stations

Critical Evaluation of Native Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Fragment-Based Screening

Fragment-based screening presents a promising alternative to high-throughput screening and has gained great attention over the last years. So far, only a few studies discuss mass spectrometry as a screening technology for fragments. Here, we applied native electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for screening defined sets of fragments against four different target proteins. Fragments were selected from a primary screen conducted by thermal shift assay (TSA) and represent different binding categories. Our data show that beside specific complex formation, many fragments show extensive multiple binding as well as charge-state shifts. Both of these factors complicate automated data analysis and lower the attractiveness of native MS as a primary screening tool for fragments. A comparison of hits identified by native MS and TSA shows good agreement for two proteins. Furthermore, we discuss general obstacles including the determination of an optimal fragment concentration and the question of how to rank fragment hits according to their affinity. In conclusion, we consider native MS a highly valuable tool for the validation and deeper investigation of promising fragment hits rather than a method for primary screening