2 research outputs found
Comparative morphology of the forewing base articulationin Sternorrhyncha compared with a representative of Fulgoromorpha (Insecta, Hemiptera)
The forewing articulation of single species
from each of the four subgroups of Sternorrhyncha
(Aleyrodomorpha, Aphidomorpha, Coccomorpha, Psyllomorpha)
was examined by optical and scanning electron
microscopy. The species were compared with a species of
Cixiidae (Fulgoromorpha), as an outgroup of Sternorrhyncha.
We present the results of a comparative analysis
of the forewing articulation in these five groups, propose a
standardized terminology and compare our findings with
those previously reported. The wing base of all examined
species is composed of the following structures: anterior
and posterior notal wing process, first, second, and third
axillary sclerites, tegula, and axillary cord. The number of
elements included in the wing base and the surrounding
area is the greatest in Cacopsylla mali, the most complicated
species from Sternorrhyncha. Based on the shape of
axillary sclerites and the number of elements forming the
wing base environment, Orthezia urticae (Coccomorpha)
and Cixius nervosus (Fulgoromorpha) are the most similar.
Among Sternorrhyncha, the most similar axillaries are
those of Aphis fabae and Orthezia urticae, which is congruent
with existing classifications. In this paper we show
that the four groups from Sternorrhyncha exhibit their own
distinct wing base morphology