Female Adolescent Issues and the Need of Reproductive Health Information: A Case Studying North Coastal Line, West Java

Background: Women’s health needs are often ignored. Female adolescents are particularly vulnerable to reproductive health problem. Young women in the North coastal line had a higher risk of reproductive health problem, as many stalls and cafes run a prostitution business involving young women as their object. This study aimed to explore the reproductive health issues felt by female adolescents and theirs need of health information in North coastal line, West Java. Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study conducted at two junior high schools at Pusakajaya Subang, West Java, from Juli to August 2017. A sample of 141 female students aged 11 to 15 years was selected for this study. The data were collected by focus group discussion and analyzed by content analysis. Results: Some of the problems felt by the informants included shame and confusion of experiencing body shape changes, breast enlargement, acne emergence, and menstruation. These young women were faced with the difficulty of rejecting the invitation of a boyfriend for hugs, kisses, and using drugs. The young women needed (1) Information on changes that might occur in adolescence and efforts to overcome this issue; (2) Information on how to communicate their choice boldly and firmly; (3) Information about the consequences of promiscuity, sexually-transmitted diseases, and the dangers of drug use. Conclusion: Female adolescents in North coastal line of West Java have several issues during their youth. They need information of health reproduction, the danger of drug use, and sexually-transmitted diseases. Keywords: the need of information, reproductive health, female adolescent

Pemenuhan Hak Konsumen di Institusi Pelayanan Kesehatan di Kota Bandung dan Kota Cimahi

Kebijakan pelayanan medis secara legal formal telah memberikan perlindungan hak konsumen kesehatan. Namun, sampai kini belum terungkap upaya institusi pelayanan kesehatan untuk memenuhi dan melindungi hak konsumen kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi berbagai kebijakan pemenuhan hak-hak konsumen kesehatan oleh institusi pelayanan kesehatan pemerintah dan swasta. Penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi ini dilaksanakan pada Agustus 2008 - Januari 2009 di institusi pemerintah RSUD Cibabat-Cimahi, RSKIA Astanaanyar dan Puskesmas Garuda serta institusi swasta RS Muhammadiyah dan RB Barokah. Data dikumpulkan dengan telaah dokumen dan wawancara mendalam terhadap lima orang informan serta dianalisis dengan analisis isi. Hasil penelitian meliputi: tiga institusi pelayanan kesehatan sudah menyusun hak-hak dan kewajiban konsumen kesehatan dan melakukan sosialiasi hak dan kewajiban konsumen kesehatan; telah dikembangkan standar pelayanan, tindakan dan uraian tugas petugas serta kebijakan sistem pembayaran, penyediaan fasilitas dan tenaga; sistem pengaduan pelanggan sudah ada meski belum ada tindak lanjut; forum evaluasi pelanggan belum sinambung serta penghargaan dan sanksi untuk petugas belum jelas.Kata kunci : Kebijakan, pemenuhan hak konsumen, institusi pelayanan kesehatanThis study objective is to explore policies of public and private health care institutions in order to comply consumers rights. This study applies qualitative approach with case study method. This study conducted from August 2008 to January 2009 in three public health care institutions that included Cibabat-Cimahi Hospital, Astanaanyar Mother and Child Hospital and Garuda Public Health Center and two private health care institutions that included Muhammadiyah Hospital and Barokah Birthing Center. Data was collected with indepth interview from 5 informants and policy documents study. Data was analyzed with us- ing content analysis. Results of the study shows that: three health care institutions have already regulated rights and duties of health consumers and two in-stitutions have not have the formal regulation yet; socialization about rights and duties of consumers have been done; health care standard and job descriptions have been regulated; policy of payment system, equipping of facility and personnel have been regulated; there is a system of consumer advocacy but the regulation of follow up has not been clear; Forum of consumer evaluation has not been continued; reward and punishment for providers have not been regulated clearly; the main constraint in the application of regulation is monitoring and evaluation; Documents to comply the rights of consumers have not been completed. There is a necessity to monitor and evaluate implementation of the regulations and also to arrange evaluation of provider performance in application of consumer rights

Assessing the Reproductive Health Knowledge of Early Adolescents in North Coastal Line

Adolescents residing in the North Coastal line have high risks associated with reproductive health. The is due to the entertainment industry and prostitution business in the area creating an unfavorable environment for adolescents. A young mating culture is also strong. The high rate of divorce and the number of mothers who become Indonesian women laborers working abroad weakens the role of parents in character building and the moral education of adolescents. It allows adolescents to fall into sexual activity, drug use, and HIV infection. The purposes of this study were to gain insight into adolescents in the North Coastal line and their families and to assess the baseline reproductive health knowledge of the adolescents. Thus, the interventions suggested based on their needs. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Pusakajaya Public Junior High School 1 and 2, in which 269 seventh grade students (male=135, female=134) were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Respondents were chosen using purposive sampling. Data analyzed with univariate analysis. Results of this study showed that most of the adolescents confessed to being less than obedient to their religion. More than half of them were not actively engaged in school and were poorly motivated to do well. Many of them lived with a single parent or relatives. Many parents of the adolescents were divorced, most had a low level of education, some were unemployment, and many of the mothers worked as Indonesia women laborers abroad. The findings of this study showed that all aspects of reproductive health knowledge of the adolescents that include female puberty signs, male puberty signs, adolescent pregnancy risk, HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted diseases and risk of smoking and substance abuse were in the ‘poor' category (90.3%, 99.6%, 100%, 89.2%, 98.1% and 99.3% respectively). Keywords: reproductive health, knowledge, early adolescent, north coastal lin

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DATING BEHAVIOR OF ADOLESCENTS IN NORTH COASTAL LINE, WEST JAVA

Background: Interest to the opposite sex is one changing that is happened in adolescence. Dating behavior of adolescents can be the beginning of premarital sex that will impact on the emergence of adolescent reproductive health problems such as unintended pregnancy and STDs/HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this study was to give description of factors related to dating behavior of early adolescents in North Coastal line, West Java. Subject and Methods: Type of this research was descriptive analytic with cross sectional design. The research was conducted in Pusakajaya Public Junior High School 1 and 2, Subang Regency. Population of this study was all of students at class VII in the selected schools. Sample of the study determined by purposive sampling technique with criteria the students ever had a lover or currently they were having a boyfriend/girlfriend. Number of respondents were 269 students. Data collection was done by interview using questionnaire as a tool. Data was reviewed using univariate and bivariate analysis. Results: Results of this study showed that 36.8% of the respondent had risky dating behavior, 25,7% did not live with their parent, 57.2% of them had low religiosity,74.7% had lack of knowledge in sexuality, 47.6% had negative attitude toward risky dating, 53,9% ever accessed pornography content and 48.3% had friend with risky dating behavior. Using Chi Square test to analyze showed that factors related to risky dating behavior were low religiosity (OR=44.68 ;95%CI=15.65 to 127.56; p=0.000), lack of knowledge (OR=14.34; 95%CI=5.03 to 40.87; p=0,000), negative attitude (OR=34.73; 95%CI=16.01 to 75,35; p=0.000), accessed pornography content (OR=79.02; 95%CI=23.89 to 261,33; p=0.000) and negative behavior of friends (OR=201.3 ;95%CI=47.19 to 859.04; p=0.000). Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between religiosity, knowledge, attitude, access to pornography content and dating behavior of friends with risky dating behavior. Keywords: factors, risky, dating behavior, early adolescent, north coastal line Correspondence: Juariah.The Agency of Research and Development West Java Province. Jl. Kawaluyaan Indah Raya No. 6, Bandung, Indonesia. E-mail: [email protected]. Mobile: 08131345250