Verlinde's emergent gravity in an n−\boldsymbol{n-}dimensional, non-additive Tsallis' scenario

This paper brings together four distinct but very important physical notions: 1) Entropic force, 2) Entropy-along-a-curve, 3) Tsallis' q-statistics, and 4) Emergent gravitation. We investigate the non additive, classical (Tsallis') q-statistical mechanics of a phase-space curve in $n$ dimensions (3 dimensions, in particular). We focus attention on an entropic force mechanism that yields a simple realization of it, being able to mimic interesting effects such as confinement, hard core, and asymptotic freedom, typical of high energy physicsComment: 19 pqges. 2 figures. Title has changed. Text has changed significantl

The effect of school quality on educational attainment and wages

The paper examines the effects of school pupil-teacher ratios and type of school on educational attainment and wages using the British National Child Development survey (NCDS). The NCDS is a panel survey which has followed a cohort of individuals born in March 1958, and has a rich set of background variables recorded throughout the individual's life. The results suggest that, once we control for ability and family background, the pupil-teacher ratio has no impact on educational qualifications or on male wages. It has an impact on women’s wages at the age of 33, particularly those of low ability. We also find evidence that those who attend selective schools have better educational outcomes and, in the case of men, higher wages at the age of 33. The impact is higher for the type of individuals who are less likely not to attend selective schools, but for whom a comparison group does exist among those attending

Normalized ghost imaging

We present an experimental comparison between different iterative ghost imaging algorithms. Our experimental setup utilizes a spatial light modulator for generating known random light fields to illuminate a partially-transmissive object. We adapt the weighting factor used in the traditional ghost imaging algorithm to account for changes in the efficiency of the generated light field. We show that our normalized weighting algorithm can match the performance of differential ghost imaging

Electronic Properties of Molecules and Surfaces with a Self\uad-Consistent Interatomic van der Waals Density Functional.

How strong is the effect of van der Waals (vdW) interactions on the electronic properties of molecules and extended systems? To answer this question, we derived a fully self-consistent implementation of the density-dependent interatomic vdW functional of Tkatchenko and Scheffler [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 073005 (2009)]. Not surprisingly, vdW self-consistency leads to tiny modifications of the structure, stability, and electronic properties of molecular dimers and crystals. However, unexpectedly large effects were found in the binding energies, distances, and electrostatic moments of highly polarizable alkali-metal dimers. Most importantly, vdW interactions induced complex and sizable electronic charge redistribution in the vicinity of metallic surfaces and at organic-metal interfaces. As a result, a substantial influence on the computed work functions was found, revealing a nontrivial connection between electrostatics and long-range electron correlation effects

Efficient estimation of AUC in a sliding window

In many applications, monitoring area under the ROC curve (AUC) in a sliding window over a data stream is a natural way of detecting changes in the system. The drawback is that computing AUC in a sliding window is expensive, especially if the window size is large and the data flow is significant. In this paper we propose a scheme for maintaining an approximate AUC in a sliding window of length $k$. More specifically, we propose an algorithm that, given $\epsilon$, estimates AUC within $\epsilon / 2$, and can maintain this estimate in $O((\log k) / \epsilon)$ time, per update, as the window slides. This provides a speed-up over the exact computation of AUC, which requires $O(k)$ time, per update. The speed-up becomes more significant as the size of the window increases. Our estimate is based on grouping the data points together, and using these groups to calculate AUC. The grouping is designed carefully such that ($i$) the groups are small enough, so that the error stays small, ($ii$) the number of groups is small, so that enumerating them is not expensive, and ($iii$) the definition is flexible enough so that we can maintain the groups efficiently. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that the average approximation error in practice is much smaller than the approximation guarantee $\epsilon / 2$, and that we can achieve significant speed-ups with only a modest sacrifice in accuracy

Dimensionally regularized Tsallis' Statistical Mechanics and two-body Newton's gravitation

Typical Tsallis' statistical mechanics' quantifiers like the partition function and the mean energy exhibit poles. We are speaking of the partition function ${\cal Z}$ and the mean energy $$. The poles appear for distinctive values of Tsallis' characteristic real parameter $q$, at a numerable set of rational numbers of the $q-$line. These poles are dealt with dimensional regularization resources. The physical effects of these poles on the specific heats are studied here for the two-body classical gravitation potential.Comment: 20 Pages, 2 Figure

The narrative potential of the British Birth Cohort Studies

This paper draws attention to the narrative potential of longitudinal studies such as the British Birth Cohort Studies (BBCS), and explores the possibility of creating narrative case histories and conducting narrative analysis based on information available from the studies. The BBCS have historically adopted a quantitative research design and used structured interviews and questionnaires to collect data from large samples of individuals born in specific years. However, the longitudinal nature of these studies means that they follow the same sample of individuals from birth through childhood into adult life, and this leads to the creation of data that can be understood as a quantitative auto/biography

The REMSDB Macroeconomic Database of The Spanish Economy

This paper presents a new macroeconomic database for the Spanish economy, REMSDB. The construction of this database has been oriented to conducting medium-term simulations for policy evaluation with the REMS model, a large Rational Expectations macroeconomic Model for Spain. The paper provides a detailed description of the data and documents its main statistical properties. The database is thought to be of major interest to related applications,whether strictly associated with the REMS model or, rather, with empirical macroeconomic studies.Spanish Data, Growth Data, Business Cycle Data, REMS

Fast full-color computational imaging with single-pixel detectors

Single-pixel detectors can be used as imaging devices by making use of structured illumination. These systems work by correlating a changing incident light field with signals measured on a photodiode to derive an image of an object. In this work we demonstrate a system that utilizes a digital light projector to illuminate a scene with approximately 1300 different light patterns every second and correlate these with the back scattered light measured by three spectrally-filtered single-pixel photodetectors to produce a full-color high-quality image in a few seconds of data acquisition. We utilize a differential light projection method to self normalize the measured signals, improving the reconstruction quality whilst making the system robust to external sources of noise. This technique can readily be extended for imaging applications at non-visible wavebands