Controlling Argan Seed Quality by NIR

The suitability of using visible/near infrared spectroscopy (Vis/NIR), as a rapid and non-destructive technique for monitoring the quality of argan seeds (Argania spinosa Skeels) was studied. The analyzed parameters were the fatty acid composition of argan seed oil, seed moisture content, seed oil content and oil stability index (OSI). The ratio between major unsaturated and saturated fatty acids (U/S) during the oxidation assay at constant temperature was studied. Values from infrared drying were used as a laboratory reference for the moisture. Argan seed oil content was determined by Soxhlet extraction. A fatty acid analysis was carried out by gas chromatography and the OSI was determined by the Rancimat test. Predictive models of argan seed moisture, ratio U/S and OSI showed good accuracy. Therefore, Vis/NIR measurements can be used for controlling several argan seed quality parameters. This procedure might be of interest to the argan oil industry, which is currently in the process of modernization and expansion.The authors are grateful to the Spanish Agency for the International Cooperation (AECID-MAE) for financing the Project A/019935/08. They also express their gratitude to the industrial plant Argan Oil Company Ltd. Morocco for the argan seed supply.Peer Reviewe

Médicaments et aliments : approche ethnopharmacologique = Medicines and foods : ethnopharmacological approach

In order to establish the origine of dietetics in Arabo-Persian medicine, the Coran and the Hadith, Islamic Sacred texts, have been studied. Their quotations concerning basic dietetic notions and food products used in Arabo-Persian medicine have been taken into consideration. The second part of this study concerns patients' food, diets and dietetics mentioned in Arabo-Persian writings. According to Arabo-Persian physicians and scientists foods are classified into absolute foods, medicinal foods and food drugs. The use of foods as drugs is illustrated by three examples : fenugreek (#Trigonella foenum graecum L.), honey and garlic (#Allium sativum L.). (Résumé d'auteur