Density-Temperature-Softness Scaling of the Dynamics of Glass-forming Soft-sphere Liquids

The principle of dynamic equivalence between soft-sphere and hard-sphere fluids [Phys. Rev. E \textbf{68}, 011405 (2003)] is employed to describe the interplay of the effects of varying the density n, the temperature T, and the softness (characterized by a softness parameter {\nu}^{-1}) on the dynamics of glass-forming soft-sphere liquids in terms of simple scaling rules. The main prediction is that the dynamic parameters of these systems, such as the {\alpha}-relaxation time and the long-time self-diffusion coefficient, depend on n, T, and {\nu} only through the reduced density n^\ast \equiv n{\sigma}^{3}_{HS}(T, {\nu}),where the effective hard-sphere diameter {\sigma}_{HS}(T, {\nu}) is determined, for example, by the Andersen-Weeks-Chandler condition for soft-sphere-hard-sphere structural equivalence. A number of scaling properties observed in recent simulations involving glass-forming fluids with repulsive short range interactions are found to be a direct manifestation of this general dynamic equivalence principle. The self-consistent generalized Langevin equation (SCGLE) theory of colloid dynamics is shown to accurately capture these scaling rule

Contrasting human perceptions of and attitudes towards two threatened small carnivores, Lycalopex fulvipes and Leopardus guigna, in rural communities adjacent to protected areas in Chile

Indexación: Scopus.The interaction between humans and small carnivores is a phenomenon especially frequent in rural fringes, as is the case of communities surrounding natural areas. In Chile, two species of threatened carnivores, the Darwin's Fox and the Guigna, have increased their contact with humans due to human-induced changes in their habitat. The objective of this study was to characterize the interactions of these species with humans by assessing human perceptions and attitudes toward them, and to assess livestock and poultry ownership and management practices in local communities to evaluate their possible roles in the phenomenon. We conducted semi-structured interviews in rural communities adjacent to natural protected areas of two different regions in southern Chile. We found that people have a more positive perception of Darwin's Foxes than Guignas, but both species are considered damaging due to poultry attacks. Livestock and poultry management was generally deficient. Improvements in animal management and education programs could lead to a significant decrease in negative interactions. © Sacristan et al. 2018.https://www.threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/article/view/4030/442

Mastery Teachers: How to Build Success for Each Student in Today’s Classrooms

The purpose of this mixed methods research study was to investigate the efficacy of master teachers (n=60) and analyze the factors which support their success motivating and instructing P-12 students and effectively managing the classroom. The research design of this case study used an exploratory sequential mixed methods design (Creswell, 2015). The Teacher Self Efficacy Scale (TSES) (long form) sought to discover the capabilities teachers perceive having related to student engagement, instructional strategies, and classroom management (Tschannen-Moran & Hoy, 2001). Participant teachers were interviewed through one-to-one conversation, to verify and enrich the findings (Bogdan &; Biklen, 2007) produced by the TSES. Our findings suggest master teachers are passionate about teaching; however, struggle at times with learners who have learning difficulties and off task behavior. Building relationships and developing social emotional skills is one of the most powerful tools for empowering students leading to their success. We also found efficacious teachers engage students in learning by relating to the real world, connecting to student interests, setting clear expectations, and establishing routines