Efetividade de uma intervenção multicomponentes sobre o tempo de tela de adolescentes do 6º ao 9º ano de Florianópolis-SC

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Desportos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Florianópolis, 2017.O comportamento sedentário atinge todas as faixas etárias e os diversos domínios do cotidiano, como o lazer, o deslocamento e as atividades laborais. Na população adolescente o comportamento sedentário é bem representado pelo tempo de tela. Assistir televisão, usar o computador ou jogar videogames de forma passiva retratam uma parcela significativa de horas na rotina dos adolescentes. O excesso de tempo de tela está associado ao aumento do risco de doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis, aumento da obesidade, dificuldades de socialização e baixo rendimento escolar. As altas prevalências de tempo de tela na população adolescente justificam o desenvolvimento de intervenções para mudanças de comportamento que abordem esse tema. O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a efetividade de uma intervenção multicomponente sobre o tempo de tela de adolescentes do 6° ao 9° ano de Florianópolis ? SC. Trata-se de um ensaio clínico controlado não-randomizado e faz parte do macroprojeto ?Efeito de um programa de intervenção multicomponente na aptidão física relacionada à saúde e imagem corporal: estudo de base escolar em adolescentes de Florianópolis, SC? ou ?MEXA-SE?. O estudo foi desenvolvido em duas escolas da rede municipal de ensino, sendo uma de intervenção e outra de controle. A intervenção sobre o comportamento sedentário consistiu em ações educativas, como entrega de folders, fixação de cartazes informativos e o desenvolvimento de sessões educativas sobre atividade física, qualidade de vida e comportamento sedentário. O grupo controle manteve as atividades habituais da escola, não sofrendo qualquer alteração durante o período de intervenção. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário estruturado e analisados por estatística descritiva e inferencial, utilizando o software Statistical Package for the Social Scienses v.22.0 for Windows considerando nível de significância de 5%. Os adolescentes do sexo masculino reduziram significativamente o tempo de computador/videogame e as do sexo feminino reduziram significativamente o tempo de televisão após a intervenção, ambos para o tempo de tela em dias de semana. Os efeitos observados se referem a modificações intragrupo, comparando inicio e fim do estudo no grupo intervenção. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas nos resultados entre os grupos (intervenção e controle) e a intervenção não foi efetiva na redução do tempo de tela nos finais de semana. No entanto, os resultados apontam que o aprimoramento das estratégias aplicadas no MEXA-SE poderá trazer importantes resultados paras as intervenções de base escolar que busquem reduzir o tempo de tela na população adolescente.Abstract : Sedentary behavior affects all age groups and the different domains of everyday life, such as leisure, travel and work activities. In the adolescent population sedentary behavior is well represented by screen time. Watching television, using the computer or playing video games passively portray a significant portion of hours in adolescents routine. The excess screen time is associated with increased risk of chronic non-communicable diseases, increased obesity, socialization difficulties and low academic achievement. The high prevalences of screen time in the adolescent population justifies the development of interventions for behavioral changes that address this theme. The objective of the present study was to verify the effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention on the screen time of adolescents from the 6th to the 9th grade of Florianópolis - SC. This is a non-randomized controlled clinical trial and is part of the macro-project "Effect of a multicomponent intervention program on physical fitness related to health and body image: a school-based study in adolescents from Florianópolis, SC" or "MEXA-SE" (?MOVE YOURSELF?). The study was developed in two schools of the municipal school system, one of intervention and one of control. The intervention on sedentary behavior consisted of educational actions, such as the delivery of folders, the establishment of informative posters and the development of educational sessions on physical activity, quality of life and sedentary behavior. The control group maintained the usual activities of the school, not suffering any changes during the intervention period. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists v.22.0 for Windows software, considering a significance level of 5%. Male adolescents significantly reduced computer/videogame time and female adolescents significantly reduced television time after intervention, both for screen time on weekdays. The observed effects refer to intragroup changes, comparing the beginning and end of the study in the intervention group. No significant differences were observed in the results between the groups (intervention and control) and the intervention was not effective in reducing screen time on weekends. However, the results indicate that the improvement of the strategies applied in MEXA-SE project may bring important results for the school-based interventions that seek to reduce screen time in the adolescent population

Effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention on the screen time of Brazilian adolescents: non-randomized controlled study

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of a multicomponent, school-based intervention in reducing screentime in adolescents according to sex. Methods: This is a non-randomized controlled intervention study focusing on cardiorespiratory fitness, body image, nutrition and physical activity. Screentime (television, computer/video game) was the secondary outcome of the intervention and was addressed using educational strategies (folders, posters, educational sessions and group discussions). Screen time was measured using a structured questionnaire validated in Brazilian adolescents and the excess time spent on-screen was defined as two hours or more daily. The effect of the intervention was analyzed by the McNemar test and logistic regression. Results: Intervention effectively reduced the proportion of adolescents exposed to more than two hours a day of computer/videogame in males from 71.7% to 57.5% (p= 0.002) and excessive time of television in females from 81.5% to 72.6% (p = 0.024), from the beginning to the end of the study in the group receiving intervention. However, no effect of intervention was found in the comparison between intervention and control groups for computer/video game time (OR = 0.822; p = 0.504) and television time (OR = 0.667; p = 0.252). Conclusion: The intervention was not effective in reducing screen time in the comparison between intervention and control groups, but it reduced the screen time of adolescents in the intervention group

Clustering of Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases among Adolescents from Southern Brazil

<div><p>Introduction</p><p>The aim of this study was to investigate the simultaneous presence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases and the association of these risk factors with demographic and economic factors among adolescents from southern Brazil.</p><p>Methods</p><p>The study included 916 students (14–19 years old) enrolled in the 2014 school year at state schools in São José, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Risk factors related to lifestyle (i.e., physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, sedentary behaviour and unhealthy diet), demographic variables (sex, age and skin colour) and economic variables (school shift and economic level) were assessed through a questionnaire. Simultaneous behaviours were assessed by the ratio between observed and expected prevalences of risk factors for non-communicable diseases. The clustering of risk factors was analysed by multinomial logistic regression. The clusters of risk factors that showed a higher prevalence were analysed by binary logistic regression.</p><p>Results</p><p>The clustering of two, three, four, and five risk factors were found in 22.2%, 49.3%, 21.7% and 3.1% of adolescents, respectively. Subgroups that were more likely to have both behaviours of physical inactivity and unhealthy diet simultaneously were mostly composed of girls (OR = 3.03, 95% CI = 1.57–5.85) and those with lower socioeconomic status (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.05–3.21); simultaneous physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, sedentary behaviour and unhealthy diet were mainly observed among older adolescents (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.05–2.12). Subgroups less likely to have both behaviours of sedentary behaviour and unhealthy diet were mostly composed of girls (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.38–0.89); simultaneous physical inactivity, sedentary behaviour and unhealthy diet were mainly observed among older individuals (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.49–0.87) and those of the night shift (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.43–0.82).</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Adolescents had a high prevalence of simultaneous risk factors for NCDs. Demographic (gender and age) and economic (school shift) variables were associated with the most prevalent simultaneous behaviours among adolescents.</p></div

Prevalence of combinations of health risk behaviors in the adolescent population.

<p>Prevalence of combinations of health risk behaviors in the adolescent population.</p

Risk factor characteristics of the adolescents according to demographic and socioeconomic variables.

<p>Risk factor characteristics of the adolescents according to demographic and socioeconomic variables.</p

Association between risk factors and demographic and socioeconomic variables in adolescents.

<p>Association between risk factors and demographic and socioeconomic variables in adolescents.</p

Association between combinations of health risk behaviors most prevalent and demographic and socioeconomic variables in adolescents.

<p>Association between combinations of health risk behaviors most prevalent and demographic and socioeconomic variables in adolescents.</p