Electronic Identification of Cattle: Traceability for Food Safety in Madagascar

International audienceThe cattle are one of the riches that make the Malagasy people famous, it intervenes in their daily life whether cultural, social or economic. However, due to a lack of traceability, several shortfalls are to be deplored in this sector, including the export of meat to European markets. This document presents the development of an electronic cattle identification system in order to control the sanitary traceability of products from cattle breeding for food safety. This system uses an electronic chip in the form of a ruminal bolus that works by low-frequency radio waves. To do this, about 600 cattle from the FOFIFA station in Kianjasoa, Madagascar, were identified using the electronic boluses and then monitored monthly to determine the retention rate of the identification system. At the same time, all information about each identified animal was collected, over time, to be transcribed and centralized in the LASER database. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to trace the product back to its original rearing in the event of a dispute and, on the other hand, to determine certain zootechnical parameters indicative of the breeding. For example, thanks to this tool, the annual growth rate of the identified herds was calculated at about 30%. This data seems essential to us in order to be able to estimate the demographic evolution of the workforce as well as the quantity of cattle meat to be exported while preserving the current number of livestock. During the first three years of cattle monitoring, the application of boluses showed no particular incident. This identification system could obtain approval from the International Committee on Animal Identification, as an annual retention rate of 100% was recorded during the study. In addition, this device impossible to falsify will make it possible to considerably reduce the theft of cattle in Madagascar. Thus, traceability, beyond the bond of trust established with consumers, is an important factor in enhancing the value chain and economic recovery of the beef sector in Madagascar

Profil génétique du mouton mahorais

National audienc

Evaluation of perceptions of the functions of local ruminants breeds in Mayotte

Session 56 - Poster 10International audienceIn Mayotte, local populations of ruminants are well adapted to the difficult breeding conditions of the island. The importation of animals and artificial insemination with European breeds, has led to a policy of crossbreeding and a decrease of the size of the local breeds herds. The work carried out by CIRAD, INRAE and the Chamber of Agriculture enabled the characterization of local bovine, ovine and caprine breeds. These three populations are a reservoir of adaptive genes. The conservation of domestic breeds is often considered from a genetic and zootechnical perspective. However, the choice of breeds follows along socio-economic dimensions. Two studies questioned the perception that breeders have of local breeds. The first study aimed at understanding the factors that influence the preservation or abandon of the Mahoran zebu breed. Sixty farmers were surveyed through semi-structured interviews. The data collected made it possible to describe the diversity of cattle farms in five types: (T1) small traditional farms; (T2) small precarious farms; (T3) farms specialized in dairy production; (T4) intermediate farms between tradition and intensification; (T5) farms in transition. The zebu is used for its ease of breeding and its resistance, in addition to its heritage and cultural value (T1, T2). It is of economic interest for crossbreeding (T3, T4) and ¾ of the breeders note the superior quality of its meat. The second study which is based on comprehensive interviews carried out on 19 farms on the island, explore the link between the functions assigned by the farmer to his small ruminant herd and the choice of its genetic composition. Both of these studies help to define the design of the conservation programs of the ruminant breeds in Mayotte, based on farmers perspectives

GESTION DES HELMINTHES DIGESTIVES BOVINES PAR METHODE LASER, DANS LA REGION BONGOLAVA, MADAGASCAR

International audienceLes infestations parasitaires internes freinent les techniques de production à avoir une performance satisfaisante en élevage des bovins. L’objectif de cette étude a été de déterminer les facteurs de dynamisme de l’infestation parasitaire et de comprendre ses gravités pathologiques chez les jeunes bovins afin de proposer des gestions stratégiques raisonnées aux éleveurs. Le Logiciel d’Aide aux Suivis d’Elevage des Ruminants a été utilisé pour une gestion des données collectées à l'échelle de l'animal. Des prélèvements de fèces couplés à un pesage mensuel de l'animal et des analyses coproscopiques au laboratoire ont été réalisés. Une enquête a été menée auprès des éleveurs pour l’audit des conduites d’élevage. Le logiciel R et épi infos version 7.1.5 ont été utilisés pour l’analyse des données. Ils révèlent une moyenne de 50 à 200 œufs de parasite par gramme de fèces et 85,52 %de prévalence d’infestation. Les jeunes de plus d’un an sont moins infestés que les autres grâce à leurs immunités acquises. Larace frisonne a montré une résistance que les Zébus malagasy et Renitelo, mais cette différence a été non significative (p>0,05). Le sexe n’influe pas sur l’infestation mais une variation saisonnière a été évoquée. Le poids vif moyen des sujets concernés tend à diminuer au mois d’octobre mais le facteur saison, faible pâturage pendant cette période peut être la cause. Un taux de mortalité a été marqué chez les sujets de moins d’un an. La négligence des bonnes conduites zootechniques et sanitaires affecte nettement le taux d’infestation. Les interventions de tous les alliés : éleveurs,vétérinaire ou technicien d’élevage et l’Etat sont primordiaux