FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS TO INCREASE THE ECOLOGICAL SAFETY

This article justifies, that questions of environmental protection, protection of natural resources, ecological safety are the most actual for effective development of economic systems. In the modern economic situation, coherence and administrative leverage in total with ecological taxation and insurance are forceful instruments to move towards the model of «green» economy. The main goal is to consult the theoretical and practical experience of formation the ecological safety under the paradigm of «green» economy of European countries and the Republic of Belarus based on analysis of main financial instruments of the state ecological policy. The main tasks are: identifying mechanism of formation of ecological safety in conditions of green economy in European countries and in the Republic of Belarus; identify and systematization of main financial instruments for state ecological policy; justification of necessity and directions for improvement the ecological taxation and insurance. Methodology of the study is based on the principles of the system analysis, formal logic and interdisciplinary scientific approach to the problem. Monographic and descriptive method, method of analysis and synthesis, statistical data analysis method were used to complete the tasks of research. Novelty of this research is that systematization of theoretical practical foundations of state management of ecological safety through financial instruments of green economy can increase the effectiveness of the stable development of the economic system

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS TO INCREASE THE ECOLOGICAL SAFETY

This article justifies, that questions of environmental protection, protection of natural resources, ecological safety are the most actual for effective development of economic systems. In the modern economic situation, coherence and administrative leverage in total with ecological taxation and insurance are forceful instruments to move towards the model of «green» economy. The main goal is to consult the theoretical and practical experience of formation the ecological safety under the paradigm of «green» economy of European countries and the Republic of Belarus based on analysis of main financial instruments of the state ecological policy. The main tasks are: identifying mechanism of formation of ecological safety in conditions of green economy in European countries and in the Republic of Belarus; identify and systematization of main financial instruments for state ecological policy; justification of necessity and directions for improvement the ecological taxation and insurance. Methodology of the study is based on the principles of the system analysis, formal logic and interdisciplinary scientific approach to the problem. Monographic and descriptive method, method of analysis and synthesis, statistical data analysis method were used to complete the tasks of research. Novelty of this research is that systematization of theoretical practical foundations of state management of ecological safety through financial instruments of green economy can increase the effectiveness of the stable development of the economic system

ENERGY EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT OF THE HOUSING STOCK IN BELARUSIAN REGIONS

The need to ensure energy efficiency of the Belarusian economy at the present stage is justified. Indicators characterizing the level of fuel energy consumption and the impact of fuel consumption on the environment for the Belarusian regions are calculated. The authors found that Vitebsk region is characterized by high heat capacity Gross regional product. Also, Vitebsk region is characterized by a high volume of pollutant emissions into the air. We are talking about the emissions generated from fuel combustion for the production of heat and electricity. It has been substantiated that the main directions of regional development should be to reduce the consumption of fuel resources and the volume of emissions. The authors analyzed the structure of final consumption of fuel and energy resources by sectors of consumption, which showed that the main consumers of fuel and energy resources in Belarus are industry and housing sector.In this article the highest priority has been given by authors to energy efficiency in housing sector. It is noted that improving the energy efficiency of the housing stock can reduce the energy load on the region. It is proposed to use a system of indicators to assess the level of energy efficiency. The scientific novelty is in the application of a systematic approach to assessing energy efficiency. Previous studies were limited to considering individual energy efficiency indicators, rather than their systems. It is proposed to include the following groups of indicators in the system: technical, financial and economic, environmental. In contrast to the previously proposed groups of indicators, the system developed by the authors includes environmental indicators. The relevance of their study is due to regional characteristics, which is especially important for the Vitebsk region.The proposed system of indicators is able to give a holistic view of the level of energy efficiency of the housing stock. Thus, it becomes possible to identify reserves for the growth of energy efficiency in the housing sector in Belarus. 

Perspective forms of expanding the resource base of the commercial banks basing on the usage of advanced tools of financial engineering

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