Farklı IBA (İndol-3-Bütirik Asit) Dozları ve Köklendirme Ortamlarının Bazı Tıbbi Bitkilerin Köklenmesi Üzerine Etkileri

Bu çalışma; yağ gülü (Rosa damascena Mill.), kadıntuzluğu (Berberis thunbergii DC.), biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) ve lavanta (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) bitkilerine ait çeliklerde, farklı köklendirme ortamları [torf, perlit, torf-perlit (1:1) ve kokopit] ve indol-3-bütirik asit (IBA) dozlarının (0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 ppm) köklenmeye etkilerini saptamak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çelikler, sera ortamında farklı IBA çözeltilerine maruz tutularak dört farklı ortamda dikimleri yapılmıştır. Yaklaşık 80 gün köklendirmeye bırakılan çeliklerde köklenme oranları, kök uzunlukları ve kök sayıları belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, köklendirme ortamları ve farklı dozlardaki IBA uygulamalarının yağ gülü, kadıntuzluğu, biberiye ve lavanta çeliklerinde köklenmeye etkisi anlamlı bulunmuştur. Yağ gülü, kadıntuzluğu, biberiye ve lavanta bitkilerinde en yüksek köklenme oranları sırasıyla % 95.00, % 81.67, % 88.33 ve % 82.50; kök sayıları sırasıyla 19.28, 13.44, 26.12 ve 17.38 adet bitki-1 ve kök uzunlukları sırasıyla 18.89, 14.32, 25.58 ve 17.26 cm ile perlit köklendirme ortamında ve 4000-5000 ppm IBA çözeltisinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bitki çeliklerinin köklendirme ortamı olarak perlit ortamından, IBA dozu olarak ise adventif köklenmeyi teşvik eden 4000 ppm uygulamasından en iyi sonuçlar alınmıştır.This study was carried out to determine the effects of different rooting media (peat, perlite, peat-perlite (1: 1), and cocopeat) and IBA doses (control, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 ppm) on rooting of damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.), Thunberg barberry (Berberis thunbergii DC), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) cuttings. The cuttings were exposed to different indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) solutions in the greenhouse and planted in four different medium. Rooting percentage, root lengths, and the number of the roots were determined for the cuttings which were left to rooting for approximately 80 days. As a result of the study, the effect of rooting medium and different doses of IBA on rooting in damask rose, thunberg barberry, rosemary, and lavender cuttings were found to be statistically significant. The highest rooting percentages for the damask rose, thunberg barberry, rosemary, and lavender were found to be 95.00%, 81.67%, 88.33%, and 82.50%; number of roots were 19.28, 13.44, 26.12 and 17.38 per plant; and root lengths were 18.89, 14.32, 25.58 and 17.26 cm, respectively, in perlite rooting medium and 4000-5000 ppm IBA solution. The best results for rooting medium were obtained from perlite and the best results for the IBA dose were obtained from 4000 ppm application that promotes adventitious rooting

Effects of Different Doses of IBA (Indole-3-Butyric Acid) and Rooting Media on Rooting of Some Medicinal Plants

Bu çalışma; yağ gülü (Rosa damascena Mill.), kadıntuzluğu (Berberis thunbergii DC.), biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) ve lavanta (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) bitkilerine ait çeliklerde, farklı köklendirme ortamları [torf, perlit, torf-perlit (1:1) ve kokopit] ve indol-3-bütirik asit (IBA) dozlarının (0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 ppm) köklenmeye etkilerini saptamak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çelikler, sera ortamında farklı IBA çözeltilerine maruz tutularak dört farklı ortamda dikimleri yapılmıştır. Yaklaşık 80 gün köklendirmeye bırakılan çeliklerde köklenme oranları, kök uzunlukları ve kök sayıları belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, köklendirme ortamları ve farklı dozlardaki IBA uygulamalarının yağ gülü, kadıntuzluğu, biberiye ve lavanta çeliklerinde köklenmeye etkisi anlamlı bulunmuştur. Yağ gülü, kadıntuzluğu, biberiye ve lavanta bitkilerinde en yüksek köklenme oranları sırasıyla % 95.00, % 81.67, % 88.33 ve % 82.50; kök sayıları sırasıyla 19.28, 13.44, 26.12 ve 17.38 adet bitki-1 ve kök uzunlukları sırasıyla 18.89, 14.32, 25.58 ve 17.26 cm ile perlit köklendirme ortamında ve 4000-5000 ppm IBA çözeltisinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bitki çeliklerinin köklendirme ortamı olarak perlit ortamından, IBA dozu olarak ise adventif köklenmeyi teşvik eden 4000 ppm uygulamasından en iyi sonuçlar alınmıştır.This study was carried out to determine the effects of different rooting media (peat, perlite, peat-perlite (1: 1), and cocopeat) and IBA doses (control, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 ppm) on rooting of damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.), Thunberg barberry (Berberis thunbergii DC), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) cuttings. The cuttings were exposed to different indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) solutions in the greenhouse and planted in four different medium. Rooting percentage, root lengths, and the number of the roots were determined for the cuttings which were left to rooting for approximately 80 days. As a result of the study, the effect of rooting medium and different doses of IBA on rooting in damask rose, thunberg barberry, rosemary, and lavender cuttings were found to be statistically significant. The highest rooting percentages for the damask rose, thunberg barberry, rosemary, and lavender were found to be 95.00%, 81.67%, 88.33%, and 82.50%; number of roots were 19.28, 13.44, 26.12 and 17.38 per plant; and root lengths were 18.89, 14.32, 25.58 and 17.26 cm, respectively, in perlite rooting medium and 4000-5000 ppm IBA solution. The best results for rooting medium were obtained from perlite and the best results for the IBA dose were obtained from 4000 ppm application that promotes adventitious rooting

Farklı Azot Dozu Uygulamalarının Çörekotu (Nigella sativa L.) Bitkisinde Etkileri: Bazı Bitkisel Değerler ve Yağ Oran

Nigella is a medicinal and spice plant belonging to Ranunculaceae family which is cultivated in many regions of the world and in Turkey. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen level (0, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg N ha-1) on seed yield, the content and composition of oil in black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seeds in plain conditions in Mardin province. Ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) was used as N source. The fatty oil content of the mature plant seeds was determined by NMR and isolated by cold press. As a result of the study, it was determined that increasing nitrogen doses had a parallel effect on the plant characteristics examined. Seed yield is ranged between 103.4 - 133.1 kg da-1 and the highest oil content was 39.5%.Çörekotu; dünyada ve Türkiye’nin birçok yöresinde yetiştiriciliği yapılan, Ranunculaceae familyasına ait bir tıbbi ve baharat bitkisidir. Bu çalışmada; Mardin İli ova şartlarında, çörekotu bitkisinde bitkisel özellikler ve yağ oranı üzerine, farklı azot dozlarının etkisi (0, 40, 60, 80, 100 kg ha-1) araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada; bitki boyu, dal sayısı, kapsül sayısı, bin tohum ağırlığı, tohum verimi gibi bitkisel özelliklerin yanı sıra sabit yağ oranı da incelenmiştir. Azot kaynağı olarak amonyum sülfat ((NH4)2SO4) kullanılmıştır. Olgun bitki tohumlarındaki sabit yağ oranı NMR ile belirlenmiş ve soğuk presle izolasyonu yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, artan azot dozları, incelenen bitkisel özellikleri üzerine genelde paralel yönde etkilediği ve tohum veriminin 103.4 -133.1 kg da-1 arasında değiştiği, en yüksek yağ oranının %39.5 olduğu tespit edilmiştir

Determination of Optimum IBA Doses on Rooting Properties of Some Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Bu çalışma; perlit köklendirme ortamında farklı IBA dozlarının (kontrol, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, 5000 ve 5500 ppm) Lavanta, (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.), yağ gülü (Rosa damascena Mill.), kadıntuzluğu (Berberis thunbergii DC) ve biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) bitkilerinin çelikle köklendirilmeleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Mardin Büyükşehir Belediyesi Fidanlığından 2018 yılında anaç bitkilerden alınan çelikler, 11 farklı IBA dozunda maruz bırakılarak perlitte, sera ortamında dikimleri yapılmıştır. Köklendirmeye bırakılan çeliklerde; kök sayısı, kök uzunluğu ve köklenme oranları hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmada; IBA dozlarının kadıntuzluğu bitkisinde köklenme oranları ve biberiye bitkisinde ise kök uzunlukları üzerine etkisi önemsiz, diğer özellikler üzerine etkileri istatistiksel yönden önemli bulunmuştur. En yüksek kök sayısı lavanta bitkisinde 25.10 adet/bitki ile 4500 ppm, yağ gülü bitkisinde 24.86 adet/bitki ile 4000 ppm, kadıntuzluğunda 15.95 adet/bitki ile 3000 ppm ve biberiyede 33.31 adet/bitki ile 5000 ppm IBA dozu uygulamalarından elde edilmiştir. Kök uzunluğu değerleri, biberiye hariç olmak üzere, lavantada 24.80 cm ile 4000 ppm, yağ gülünde 23.99 cm ile 3000 ppm ve kadıntuzluğu bitkisinde 13.75 cm ile 4000 ppm IBA dozlarında tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek köklenme oranlarının, kadıntuzluğu bitkisi hariç olmak üzere, lavantada 3500 ve 4000 ppm IBA dozlarında %90.00, yağ gülünde 4500 ppm IBA dozunda %76.67 ve biberiyede 5000 ve 5500 IBA dozlarında %93.33 olduğu saptanmıştır.This study was conducted to determine the effect of the different IBA doses (control, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, 5000 and 5500 ppm) on the rooting of Lavender, (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.), damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.), barberry (Berberis thunbergii DC) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) with cuttings in a perlite rooting medium. Cuttings which were taken from the rootstock plants of Mardin Metropolitan Municipality Nursery in 2018 were subjected to 11 different IBA doses for 5 seconds and planted in the perlite in a greenhouse environment. The number of roots, root lengths and rooting rates were calculated in the cuttings left for rooting for 75 days on average. In the study, the effect of the IBA doses on the rooting rates of barberry and the root lengths of rosemary was found insignificant; but their effect on 4 different medical plant cuttings was found statistically significant. The highest number of roots was obtained as 25.10 piece/plant in lavender from 4500 ppm IBA-dose implementation, as 24.86 piece/plant in damask rose from 4000 ppm IBA-dose implementation, as 15.95 piece/plant in barberry from 3000 ppm IBA-dose implementation and as 33.31 piece/plant in rosemary from 5000 ppm IBA-dose implementation. Except for rosemary, the values of root lengths were found as 24.80 cm in lavender in 4000 ppm IBA dose, as 23.99 cm in damask rose in 3000 ppm IBA dose and as 13.75 cm in barberry in 4000 ppm IBA dose. The highest rooting rates were observed as 90.00% in lavender in 3500 and 4000 ppm IBA doses, 76.67% in damask rose in 4500 ppm IBA dose and 93.33% in rosemary in 5000 and 5500 IBA doses

Effect of Different Harvest Dates to Essential Oil Components of Oil-Bearing Rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) in Mardin

Rosa damascena Mill. is the most prominent rose source for the manufacturing of rose oil, rose water, concrete, and absolute from flower petals. The purpose of this study was to see how different harvest dates affected the essential oil components and rates obtained from flowers in oil rose planted for the first time in Turkey's Mardin Province. Blossoms were taken five times with three replications, at around one-week intervals, from a garden in the Yaylabaşı district at 6:00 a.m. (4, 11, 18, 24, and 31 May). Animal manure and leonardite were used instead of chemical fertilizers for plants. No chemical pesticides have been applied. Essential oil components of the oils obtained by a water distillation system (Clevenger apparatus) were determined by GC/MS. The citronellol ratio, which is the most important component for the quality of the essential oil in the plant, was found to be highest (35.90%) in the first harvest period and lowest in the last harvest period (17.57%). Geraniol levels decreased in the first three harvests, with the greatest level (27.16%) coming in the last harvest. The percentages of citronellol/geraniol varied between 1.51 and 0.65 depending on the different harvest dates. Nerol rates peaked at 15.44% on the first harvest, progressively declined until the fourth harvest (7.92%), then slightly increased on the fifth harvest. Nonadecane continuously increased from the first to the last harvest (4.10%-11.66%). No methyl eugenol was detected. Mardin is a promising location for oil-bearing rose cultivation, given the essential oil components and their ratios

Variation in essential oil composition of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) varieties cultivated in two different ecologies

WOS: 000413854600008Coriander, Coriandrum sativum L, is an important medicinal plant belonging to Apiaceae family, which is grown in many parts of Turkey. In this study, essential oil and composition of 6 Turkish coriander cultivars (Gamze, Arslan, Erbaa, Pelmus, Kudret, Gurbuz) were examined in two different (Mardin and Tokat) ecologies. Essential oils were isolated with distillation method in maturated fruits and component composition was determined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Main component was linalool in all cultivar, and it was higher in the conditions of Mardin having a warmer climate in all the cultivars than that of Tokat with temperate climate. Contrary to linalool, -pinene and neryl acetate contents of all cultivar were higher in Tokat

Evaluation of the Antioxidant Potency of L. Species (Apiaceae).

Objectives: In the present study, the antioxidant potency of ethyl acetate (AcOEt) and methanol (MeOH) extracts from the aerial parts of Seseli L. species was investigated for the first time. Materials and Methods: Seseli species L. such as Seseli andronakii Woronow ex Schischk., S. campestre Besser, S. corymbosum Boiss. & Heldr., S. gummiferum subsp. gummiferum Pall. ex Sm., S. hartvigii Parolly & Nordt, S. libanotis (L.) W.Koch, S. petraeum M.Bieb., S. peucedanoides (M.Bieb.) Koso-Pol., S. resinosum Freyn & Sint., and S. tortuosum L. growing in Turkey were collected and evaluated for their antioxidant capacity by using 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation (LPO) inhibition methods. Results: The highest activities as a scavenger of DPPH radicals were found in the AcOEt extracts of S. peucedanoides (M.Bieb.) Koso-Pol (IC50=0.49 mg/mL), and S. libanotis (IC50=0.75 mg/mL); α-tocopherol was used as a positive control. On the other hand, in the LPO assay, the highest activities were determined in AcOEt and MeOH extracts (at 5 mg/mL) of S. tortuosum and S. libanotis (84-94%). Conclusion: This report gives important information about the antioxidant capacity of Seseli L. species. This research on antioxidant capacity proves that the use of some species used in Eastern Anatolia (in salads) is correct. With this screening study performed in Seseli L. species growing in Turkey, in the future, it is planned to isolate antioxidant compounds from the most active strains of Seseli L. Key words: Antioxidant, Apiaceae, DPPH, LPO, Sesel

Effects of different nitrogen doses on thymoquinone and fatty acid composition in seed oil of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.)

Black cumin, Nigella sativa L. belonging to Ranunculaceae, is a valuable medicinal plant because of the curative effects of seed and oil. Despite studies on black cumin, there are few studies on the effects of nitrogen on fatty acid composition, no records on thymoquinone yield, and the thymoquinone content of the seed oil. In this study, the effects of different nitrogen doses on the seed oil yield, thymoquinone ratio/yield, and fatty acid compositions were investigated. Field studies with nitrogen doses (0, 40, 60, 80, and 100 kg/ha) were studied using the randomized plot design. As a result of the research, nitrogen doses significantly affected the oil and thymoquinone yields while insignificant on the thymoquinone ratio. The highest oil yield with 501.6 kg/ha was obtained from 80 kg/ha of the nitrogen doses, while the highest thymoquinone yield with 10.24 kg/ha was obtained from the control plots. Thymoquinone yields were in the same statistical group with other nitrogen doses, except for means of 100 kg/ha nitrogen doses. Linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acids were major fatty acids of black cumin, and their variations were insignificant in nitrogen applications. The values of butyric, capric, and linolenic acids varied significantly in different nitrogen doses. As a result of the study, it was determined that the highest oil yield was obtained from 80 kg/ha nitrogen application. It has been determined that nitrogen doses above 60-80 kg/ha should be avoided for the seed oil and thymoquinone yields in black cumin

The characterization of phenolic compounds via LC-ESI-MS/MS, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory activities of Salvia absconditiflora, Salvia sclarea, and Salvia palaestina: A comparative analysis

Abstract Salvia L. genus, one of the medicinal and aromatic plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, is represented by many endemic species in temperate regions worldwide. The Salvia species have plenty of usages in traditional medicine, important pharmacological effects and economic value. In this context, this study was conducted to evaluate the chemical profile and potential bioactivity of ethyl acetate extracts from 3 different Salvia species; Salvia absconditiflora (Salvia cryptantha- an endemic species), S. sclarea and S. palaestina collected from different localities in Anatolia. Total phenolic-flavonoid contents, antioxidant properties and enzyme inhibition experiments were investigated in tested Salvia species. The phenolic profiles were also determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The analysis revealed the presence of phenolic compounds in ethyl acetate extracts such as cynaroside, rosmarinic acid, cosmosiin, luteolin, apigenin and acacetin. The highest level of phenolic components was detected in S. absconditiflora with 74.16 mg GAE/g. The best radical scavenging and reducing abilities were found in S. absconditiflora (DPPH: 251.39 mg TE/g; ABTS: 340.16 mg TE/g; CUPRAC: 496.20 mg TE/g; FRAP: 322.94 mg TE/g). Moreover, the inhibition of AChE, BChE, and α-amylase has also been studied. The most potent AChE inhibitory ability was recorded in S. sclarea (4.00 mg GALAE/g), followed by S. palaestina (3.38 mg GALAE/g) and S. absconditiflora (3.01 mg GALAE/g). The extracts exhibited similar amylase inhibitory effects. These results reveal that Salvia species [S. absconditiflora (S. cryptantha), S. sclarea and S. palaestina] confirming their potential can be rich sources of promising bioactive compounds as a starting point for further analysis. In addition, it is thought that this study may be the new report for the construction of helpful databases in terms of shedding light on future research and researchers with the valuable information obtained about these economically important Salvia species

Seseli L. Türlerinin (Apiaceae) Antioksidan Potansiyellerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Objectives: In the present study, the antioxidant potency of ethyl acetate (AcOEt) and methanol (MeOH) extracts from the aerial parts of Seseli L. species was investigated for the first time. Materials and Methods: Seseli species L. such as Seseli andronakii Woronow ex Schischk., S. campestre Besser, S. corymbosum Boiss. & Heldr., S. gummiferum subsp. gummiferum Pall. ex Sm., S. hartvigii Parolly & Nordt, S. libanotis (L.) W.Koch, S. petraeum M.Bieb., S. peucedanoides (M.Bieb.) Koso-Pol., S. resinosum Freyn & Sint., and S. tortuosum L. growing in Turkey were collected and evaluated for their antioxidant capacity by using 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation (LPO) inhibition methods. Results: The highest activities as a scavenger of DPPH radicals were found in the AcOEt extracts of S. peucedanoides (M.Bieb.) Koso-Pol (IC50=0.49 mg/mL), and S. libanotis (IC50=0.75 mg/mL); α-tocopherol was used as a positive control. On the other hand, in the LPO assay, the highest activities were determined in AcOEt and MeOH extracts (at 5 mg/mL) of S. tortuosum and S. libanotis (84-94%). Conclusion: This report gives important information about the antioxidant capacity of Seseli L. species. This research on antioxidant capacity proves that the use of some species used in Eastern Anatolia (in salads) is correct. With this screening study performed in Seseli L. species growing in Turkey, in the future, it is planned to isolate antioxidant compounds from the most active strains of Seseli L.Amaç: Bu çalışmada, ilk kez Seseli L. türlerinin toprak üstü kısımlarından elde edilen, etil asetat (AcOEt) ve metanol (MeOH) ekstrelerinin antioksidan potansiyelleri araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Türkiye’de yetişen bazı Seseli L. türlerinin, Seseli andronakii Woronow ex Schischk., S. campestre Besser, S. corymbosum Boiss. & Heldr., S. gummiferum subsp. gummiferum Pall. ex Sm., S. hartvigii Parolly & Nordt, S. libanotis (L.) W.Koch, S. petraeum M.Bieb., S. peucedanoides (M.Bieb.) Koso-Pol., S. resinosum Freyn & Sint., S. tortuosum L., antioksidan kapasiteleri 1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) radikali süpürme kapasitesi ve lipit peroksidasyonu (LPO) inhibisyon yöntemleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: En yüksek radikal süpürücü etkinin S. peucedanoides (M.Bieb.) Koso-Pol. (IC50=0,49 mg/mL) ve S. libanotis (IC50=0,75 mg/mL) EtOAc ekstrelerinde olduğu bulunmuştur; α-tokoferol pozitif kontrol olarak kullanılmıştır. Diğer yandan, LPO deneyinde, en yüksek aktivite S. tortuosum ve S. libanotis (%84-94)’in EtOAc ve MeOH (5 mg/mL dozda) ekstrelerinde tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, Seseli L. türlerinin antioksidan kapasitesi hakkında önemli bilgiler elde edilmiştir. Antioksidan kapasiteleri üzerine yapılan bu araştırma ile, bazı türlerin Doğu Anadolu’da gıda olarak (salatalarda) kullanımının doğruluğu bir kez daha gösterilmiştir. Türkiyede yetişen Seseli L. türlerinde yapılan bu tarama çalışması ile, gelecekte, antioksidan etki gösteren bileşiklerin en aktif Seseli L. türlerinden izole edilmesi planlanmaktadır