Eliminating Excessive and Unfair Exclusionary Discipline in Schools Policy Recommendations for Reducing Disparities

All schools must be safe places for all members of the learning community. Schools have the right and indeed the responsibility to develop safe school climates to protect the safety of students and teachers, as well as the integrity of learning Yet the data indicate that it is relatively rare for students to pose a serious danger to themselves or others.In states like Texas, serious safety concerns trigger a "non-discretionary" mandatory removal, but these represent less than 5% of all disciplinary removals from school. While exclusion on grounds of safety is infrequent, students are routinely removed from school for minor offenses like tardiness, truancy, using foul language, disruption, and violation of the dress code.Of course, public school educators are also responsible for ensuring the integrity of the learning environment and attend to misbehavior that does not raise safety concerns. There is no question that there are circumstances where removing a student from a classroom is helpful to de-escalate a conflict, or to pursue an intervention outside the classroom with the support of an administrator, a counselor, parent(s) or community members. However, too many of our nation's public schools have moved away from reserving school exclusion only for the most serious offenses, and as a measure of last resort. Excessive suspensions and expulsions threaten educational opportunity, thereby undermining our national goals for closing academic achievement gaps for all children

The prospects for a production management body of knowledge in business schools: response to Koskela (2017) “Why is management research irrelevant?”

This article is a response to Lauri Koskela’s recent piece in Construction Management and Economics (“Why is management research irrelevant?” 35(1–2): 4–23) which reflects on the relationship between academic research and management practice in business schools. In particular, Koskela asks why production management research and teaching has disappeared from the business school agenda and why management research has failed to produce a consistent body of knowledge that is of use to management practice. In this article, I try to provide some alternative perspectives on the present and past contexts of management theory and production research. I argue that production research, if not teaching, is alive and well and the site of theory generation, problem-focused research and innovation. I also question the veracity and wisdom of a creating “body of knowledge” in relation to management research and practice-even if it were possible, which I believe it is not. My assessment of the state of research in business schools, at least in the U.K. and the U.S. and notwithstanding a lack of consensus over how to approach management research, is that it is eclectic and vibrant and of much more use to practicing managers in that state

Asynchronous Tool for an Actual Education: The Forum in Laboratory Practices

En este artículo se pone de manifiesto la preocupación existente por la evaluación de los aprendizajes en la educación a distancia para un control de calidad de la misma. Preocupación que viene provocada por la falta de claridad en los planteamientos sobrIn this article the existing preoccupation by the evaluation of the learnings in the remote education for a control of quality of the same one is shown. Preoccupation that comes caused by the lack from clarity in the expositions on how to make this evalu

Breaking Barriers 2: Plotting the Path Away From Juvenile Detention and Toward Academic Success for School-Age African American Males

A follow-up to Breaking Barriers, this report focuses on black male's overrepresentation in the juvenile justice system as a barrier to their academic success. Results from five studies reveal behaviors and conditions associated with reducing delinquency that lead to a number of policy implications

A Spatial Integration Analysis of the Regional Fertilizer Markets in the Philippines

Fertilizer, which is an important production input, holds a significant share in total cost of production for some crops. Based on the available fertilizer price data, it can be observed that price levels vary greatly across regions. To help determine whether or not this variability is alarmingly high, a spatial market integration analysis was done. Based on the Granger causality test, it is found that the price in one region either causes or affects prices in another region. The cointegration test suggests that regional markets are integrated. Long-run relationships are also shown to be statistically significant. The finding that regional fertilizer markets in the Philippines are integrated is consistent with the absence of market power in the fertilizer industry. The number of market players in the industry makes it highly unlikely for one or few dealers of fertilizer to control the market price of fertilizer

Extended-Service Schools: Putting Programming in Place

Spurred by the desire to provide youth with safe havens in non-school hours, enhanced educational experiences, and other developmental opportunities, a movement to open up schools has taken root in cities across the country. More than just an attempt to take advantage of schools' resources and facilities, the movement aims to build a new kind of institution -- one that unites schools and community-based organizations to create vital centers of activity for children, youth, and their families. This interim evaluation report of the Wallace-Readers Digest Funds Extended-Service Schools Adaptation examines what it takes to get a community-oriented school-based youth program off the ground, the early challenges that can be expected, and how the ESS sites addressed their challenges

Design and Performance of a Pinned Photodiode CMOS Image Sensor Using Reverse Substrate Bias

A new pinned photodiode (PPD) CMOS image sensor with reverse biased p-type substrate has been developed and characterized. The sensor uses traditional PPDs with one additional deep implantation step to suppress the parasitic reverse currents, and can be fully depleted. The first prototypes have been manufactured on an 18 µm thick, 1000 Ω·cm epitaxial silicon wafers using 180 nm PPD image sensor process. Both front-side illuminated (FSI) and back-side illuminated (BSI) devices were manufactured in collaboration with Teledyne e2v. The characterization results from a number of arrays of 10 µm and 5.4 µm PPD pixels, with different shape, the size and the depth of the new implant are in good agreement with device simulations. The new pixels could be reverse-biased without parasitic leakage currents well beyond full depletion, and demonstrate nearly identical optical response to the reference non-modified pixels. The observed excessive charge sharing in some pixel variants is shown to not be a limiting factor in operation. This development promises to realize monolithic PPD CIS with large depleted thickness and correspondingly high quantum efficiency at near-infrared and soft X-ray wavelengths

Assessment of Prospective Impact of Fruits and Vegetables Research at the Industry Level in the Philippines: the Case of the ACIAR-PCAARRD Horticulture Project

The fruits and vegetables subsector shows great dynamism despite lack of government support compared to other subsectors within agriculture. To further realize the potential of the fruits and vegetables sector, one promising instrument is investment in research and development (R&D). The government is the primary source of funding for agricultural R&D efforts due to the "public good" character of such kind of research. However, the Philippines lags behind its neighbors in Asia in terms of agricultural research investment. Moreover, current R&D investments are skewed toward traditional commodities. This paper assesses the prospective impact at the industry level of fruits and vegetables R&D using the ACIAR-PCAARRD horticulture project as case study. An economic surplus model running on a spreadsheet is used to evaluate measures of project worth for R&D investment. Application of the model shows the high social returns from raising investments in horticulture R&D