Myrsidea quadrifasciata (Phthiraptera: Amblycera) – a unique host generalist among highly host-specific chewing lice

Abstract Ten species of the louse genus Myrsidea belonging to the “serini-species-group” have been reviewed. A redescription of Myrsidea quadrifasciata (Piaget, 1880), the earliest described and valid species of this species complex, is given and a neotype for this species is designated. Nine new junior synonymies of M. quadrifasciata are proposed and discussed. The new synonyms and their respective type hosts are: Myrsidea anoxanthi Price and Dalgleish, 2007 from Loxipasser anoxanthus (Gosse, 1847), Myrsidea argentina (Kellogg, 1906) from Spinus magellanicus (Vieillot, 1805), Myrsidea balati Macháček, 1977 from Passer montanus (Linnaeus, 1758), Myrsidea darwini Palma and Price, 2010 from Geospiza fuliginosa Gould, 1837, Myrsidea major (Piaget, 1880) from Plectrophenax nivalis (Linnaeus, 1758), Myrsidea serini (Séguy, 1944) from Serinus serinus (Linnaeus, 1766), Myrsidea queleae Tendeiro, 1964 from Quelea quelea lathami (Smith, A., 1836), Myrsidea textoris Klockenhoff, 1984 from Ploceus cucullatus cucullatus (Müller, 1776), and Myrsidea viduae Tendeiro, 1993 from Vidua macroura (Pallas, 1764). Intraspecific morphometric variability, relative genetic divergence (based on a 379 bp portion of the mitochondrial COI gene and a 347 bp portion of the nuclear EF-1α gene), geographical distribution, and host associations, including 8 new host records for these lice, are discussed. Taking into consideration these parameters we suggest that the only way to deal with these taxa is to follow concept of subspecies with the following taxa and their geographic distributon: Palearctic Region: M. q. quadrifasciata and M. q. serini, Neotropical Region: M. q. anoxanthi, M. q. argentina, M. q. darwini, Paleotropic Region: M. q. queleae, M. q. textoris and M. q. viduae

Chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) from wild birds in southern Vietnam, with descriptions of two new species

Najer, Tomas, Sychra, Oldrich, Kounek, Filip, Papousek, Ivo, Hung, Nguyen Manh (2014): Chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) from wild birds in southern Vietnam, with descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 3755 (5): 419-433, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3755.5.

FIGURE 5. A in Chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) from wild birds in southern Vietnam, with descriptions of two new species

FIGURE 5. A, Holotype male of Brueelia binhchauensis. B, Paratype female of Brueelia binhchauensis. C, Holotype male of Brueelia malacocincla. D, Paratype female of Brueelia malacocincla. Scale = 0.50 mm for all figures

New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves)

Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M.D., Valim, Michel P., Literak, Ivan (2018): New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves). Zootaxa 4418 (5): 401-431, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.

Myrsidea olivacei Price, Hellenthal & Dalgleish 2005

<i>Myrsidea olivacei</i> Price, Hellenthal & Dalgleish, 2005 <p> <i>Myrsidea olivacei</i> Price, Hellenthal & Dalgleish, 2005: 15, fig. 20.</p> <p> <b>Type host.</b> <i>Mionectes olivaceus</i> Lawrence, 1868 —olive-striped flycatcher.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Simla near Arima, Trinidad & Tobago.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Ex <i>Mionectes olivaceus</i>: 2♀, 2♂, Rincón de la Vieja, Costa Rica (10°46'N, 85°18'W), 22–24 August 2009, O. Sychra & I. Literak (MMBC); 2♂, Tapantí National Park, Sector Tapantí, Costa Rica (09°46'N, 83°47'W), 6 August 2009, O. Sychra & I. Literak (MMBC).</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This is the first record of <i>M. olivacei</i> from Costa Rica. Our specimens differ from the original description of <i>M. olivacei</i> by setal counts and dimensions, as follows [data from Price <i>et al.</i> (2005) are in parentheses]:</p> <p> <b>Female (n = 2).</b> Metanotum with 9–10 (10) marginal setae Tergal setae: I, 8–9 (11); III, 1 3–15 (12–13); IV, 13– 14 (12–13); V, 15–16 (12–13); VI, 12–14 (12–13); VII, 11–12 (10); VIII, 7–9 (6). Sternal setae: II, with 13–16 marginal setae between asters, 4–6 medioanterior (total number of setae on sternite II including aster setae is 25–30 vs 32 in Price <i>et al.</i> 2005); III, 22–24 (24); V, 34 (28–31); VI, 26–29 (28–31); VII, 16 (13); VIII–IX, 8–9; and 12– 13 setae on serrated vulvar margin (total number of VIII–IX sternal setae is 20–22 in comparison with 18 in Price <i>et al.</i> 2005). Dimensions: HL, 0.28–0.29 (0.31); PW, 0.28–0.29 (0.28); MW, 0.41–0.42 (0.43); AWIV, 0.54–0.56 (0.55); ANW, 0.21 (0.20); TL, 1.46–1.49 (1.43).</p> <p> <b>Male (n = 4).</b> Metanotum with 6–9 (8) marginal setae. Tergal setae: I, 7–8 (9); II, 12–14 (13); III, 12–13 (9– 12); IV, 12–15 (9–12); V, 13–15 (9–12); VI, 11–14 (9–12); VII, 8–12 (8); VIII, 7–8 (6). Sternal setae: II, with 13– 14 marginal setae between asters, 4–5 medioanterior (total number of setae on sternite II including aster setae is 25–27 vs 27 in Price <i>et al.</i> 2005); III, 1 7–21 (19); IV, 22–26 (21); V, 28–33 (26); VI, 24–26 (21); VII, 14–16 (12); VIII, 6–7 (5); remainder of plate, 6–9. Dimensions: TW, 0.39–0.40 (0.40); HL, 0.24 (0.28); PW, 0.25–0.26 (0.26); MW, 0.32–0.33 (0.35); AWIV, 0.41–0.42 (0.44); TL, 1.18–1.20 (1.12).</p>Published as part of <i>Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5)</i> on page 428, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1244956">http://zenodo.org/record/1244956</a&gt

Myrsidea philydori Kolencik & Sychra & Papousek & Kuabara & Valim & Literak 2018, new species

<i>Myrsidea philydori</i>, new species <p>(Figs 3, 8–10, 20–21)</p> <p> <b>Type host.</b> <i>Philydor rufum</i> (Vieillot, 1818) —buff-fronted foliage-gleaner.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> San Rafael National Park, Paraguay (26°30'S, 55°47'W).</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Ex <i>Philydor rufum</i>: holotype ♀, San Rafael National Park, Paraguay (26°30'S, 55°47'W), 19 August 2012, I. Literak (MMBC). Paratypes: 2♀, 3♂, with the same data as holotype.</p> <p> <b>Other material, non-type.</b> Ex <i>Anabacerthia lichtensteini</i> (Cabanis & Heine, 1859) —ochre-breasted foliagegleaner: 1♂, San Rafael National Park, Paraguay (26°30'S, 55°47'W), 20 August 2012, I. Literak (MMBC).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Myrsidea philydori</i> n. sp. shares the same type of male genital sac sclerite as other <i>Myrsidea</i> from members of the Furnariidae. According to the shape of female tergites, <i>M. philydori</i> is close to <i>M. waterstoni</i> Valim, Price & Johnson, 2011 from <i>Anabacerthia variegaticeps</i> (P.L. Sclater, 1857) from Panamá. Female of <i>M. philydori</i> can be easily distinguished from those of <i>M. waterstoni</i> by the absence of a detached plate on tergite III and a larger number of setae on tergites IV–VI (12–14 vs 7–10 respectively). Males of <i>M. philydori</i> and of <i>M. waterstoni</i> are very similar in setal counts, but they can be separated by smaller dimensions in all measurements, especially TW (0.42–0.44 vs 0.47) and PW (0.26–0.28 vs 0.31). Comparing <i>M. philydori</i> with other Neotropical <i>Myrsidea</i>, the new species has modified tergites similar to those of <i>M. rekasii</i> Dalgleish & Price, 2003 and <i>M. baileyae</i> Dalgleish & Price, 2003, both described from the Pipridae. However, males of these latter species have completely different type of genital sac sclerite. Females of <i>M. philydori</i> differ from those of <i>M. rekasii</i> by smaller numbers of setae on tergites I–III (9–10 vs 12–14 on I; 6–8 vs 11–18 on II; 10–11 vs 13–16 on III) and from those of <i>M. baileyae</i> by smaller number of setae on tergite VIII (4 vs 8–9), as well as by smaller dimensions, especially TW (0.47–0.48 vs 0.54–0.55).</p> <p> <b>Description. Female (n = 3).</b> As in Figs 3 and 20. Hypopharyngeal sclerites fully developed. Length of <i>dhs</i> 10, 0.051–0.055; <i>dhs</i> 11, 0.098–0.111; ratio <i>dhs</i> 10/11, 0.46–0.55; <i>ls5</i> 0.04 long, latero-ventral fringe with 10–11 setae. Gula with 4 setae on each side. Pronotum with 6 setae on posterior margin and 3 short spiniform setae at each lateral corner. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 4–5 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum not enlarged, with 8–11 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 4 setae; metapleurites with 4 short strong spiniform setae. Femur III with 13–15 setae in ventral setal brush. Tergites modified as follows: I–II strongly convex, III–IV are depressed by I–II (Fig. 3). Abdominal segments with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae. Tergal setae: I, 9–10; II, 6– 8; III, 10–11; IV, 12–13; V, 12–14; VI, 12–14; VII, 7–8; VIII, 4; Postspiracular setae very long on II, IV, VII and VIII (0.35–0.46); long on I and III (0.23–0.32); and short on V and VI (0.13–0.20). Inner posterior seta of last tergum not longer than anal fringe setae with length 0.03–0.06; length of short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.03–0.06. Pleural setae: I, 6–7; II, 7–8; III, 7–8; IV, 6–7; V, 5–6; VI, 5–6; VII, 3–4; VIII, 3. Pleurites without slender and longer setae. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.02–0.04) as long as outer (0.02–0.04). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 5 in each aster: <i>s1</i>, 0.10–0.12; <i>s2</i>, 0.09–0.10; <i>s3</i>, 0.07– 0.08; <i>s4</i>, 0.05–0.06; <i>s5</i>, 0.04–0.05; with 13–14 marginal setae between asters, 6 medioanterior; III, 20–23; IV, 29– 34; V, 31–37; VI, 25–28; VII, 12–15; VIII–IX, 11–12; and 11–13 setae on deeply serrated vulvar margin; sternites III–VII without medioanterior setae. Anal fringe formed by 38–40 dorsal and 33–43 ventral setae. Dimensions: TW, 0.47–0.48; POW, 0.36–0.37; HL, 0.32–0.33; PW, 0.29; MW, 0.46–0.48; AWIV, 0.60; ANW, 0.20–0.25; TL, 1.47–1.55.</p> <p> <b>Male (n = 4).</b> As in Fig. 21. Similar to female except as follows: length of <i>dhs</i> 10, 0.048–0.054; <i>dhs</i> 11, 0.092– 0.100; ratio <i>dhs</i> 10/11, 0.48–0.59; <i>ls5</i> 0.03 long, latero-ventral fringe with 10–11 setae. Gula with 3–4 setae on each side. Metanotum not enlarged with 4–7 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 4 (6 in specimen from <i>A. lichtensteini</i>) setae; metapleurites with 3–4 short spiniform strong setae. Femur III with 10–14 setae in ventral setal brush. Abdominal segments with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae. Tergal setae: I, 7–9; II, 8–11; III–IV, 9–11; V, 11–12; VI, 9–11; VII, 4–6; VIII, 4; Postspiracular setae with the same pattern as in female but shorter. Length of inner posterior seta of last tergum, 0.05; short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.02. Pleural setae: I, 5–6; II, 6–7; III, 6–7; IV, 6; V, 5; VI, 4–5; VII, 3; VIII, 3. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.03–0.04) as long as outer (0.02–0.03). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4–5 in each aster: <i>s1</i>, 0.09–0.12; <i>s2</i>, 0.07–0.10; <i>s3</i>, 0.06–0.07; <i>s4</i>, 0.04–0.05; <i>s5</i>, 0.02–0.04; with 12–14 marginal setae between asters, 4–6 medioanterior; III, 16–23; IV, 24–28; V, 22–33; VI, 20–26; VII, 10–14; VIII, 4; remainder of plate, 8– 10; and with 3–4 setae posteriorly; sternites III–VII without medioanterior setae. With 8 internal anal setae. Genital sac sclerite as in Figs 8–10. Dimensions: TW, 0.42–0.44; POW, 0.33–0.35; HL, 0.31; PW, 0.26–0.28; MW, 0.37– 0.39; AWIV, 0.47–0.48; GW, 0.11–0.12; GSL, 0.08; TL, 1.23–1.33.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species epithet is a noun in apposition derived from the generic name of the type host.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> These are first records of chewing lice from both <i>Philydor rufum</i> and <i>Anabacerthia lichtensteini</i>. A portion of COI gene was sequenced from one specimen of <i>M</i>. <i>philydori</i> from <i>Anabacerthia lichtensteini</i> from Paraguay (GenBank MF563530). Comparing our sequence with other known sequences of Neotropical <i>Myrsidea</i>, divergences exceeded 19% in all cases, including that with <i>M. waterstoni</i> (ex <i>Anabacerthia variegaticeps</i>, family Furnariidae, GenBank FJ 171278) being 19.3%. Curiously, comparing our sequence of <i>M</i>. <i>philydori</i> with all known <i>Myrsidea</i> sequences, the closest was that of <i>M</i>. <i>textoris</i> Klockenhoff, 1984 (ex <i>Ploceus intermedius</i> Rüppell, 1845 and <i>Ploceus velatus</i> Vieillot, 1819, family Ploceidae, GenBank KF768813 and KF768815) from South Africa, with a p-distance of about 17.5%. Furthermore, sequences of a portion of EF-1alpha gene of <i>M</i>. <i>philydori</i> from <i>Philydor rufum</i> and from <i>Anabacerthia lichtensteini</i> (GenBank MF574203 – MF574204) were identical to each other, and diverged from that of <i>M. waterstoni</i> (GenBank FJ171305) by 3.4%. All these sequence divergences are large enough to confirm <i>M. philydori</i> as a new, separate species.</p>Published as part of <i>Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5)</i> on pages 410-411, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1244956">http://zenodo.org/record/1244956</a&gt

Myrsidea spellmani Price, Johnson & Dalgleish 2008

<i>Myrsidea spellmani</i> Price, Johnson & Dalgleish, 2008 <p> <i>Myrsidea spellmani</i> Price, Johnson & Dalgleish, 2008b: 58.</p> <p> <b>Type host.</b> <i>Hylophylax naevioides</i> (Lafresnaye, 1847) —spotted antbird.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Rio Mono, Panamá.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Ex <i>Hylophylax naevioides</i>: 2 nymphs II, Rincón de la Vieja National Park, Sector Santa María, Sendero del Padre, Costa Rica (10°46'N, 85°18'W), 20 August 2009, O. Sychra & I. Literak.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Although we only examined nymphs, we believe they are <i>M. spellmani</i> considering that our specimens were collected from the type host species.</p>Published as part of <i>Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5)</i> on page 420, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1244956">http://zenodo.org/record/1244956</a&gt

Myrsidea leptopogoni Kolencik & Sychra & Papousek & Kuabara & Valim & Literak 2018, new species

<i>Myrsidea leptopogoni</i>, new species <p>(Figs 29, 38–39, 47–48)</p> <p> <b>Type host.</b> <i>Leptopogon superciliaris</i> Tschudi, 1844 —slaty-capped flycatcher.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> San Rafael National Park, Paraguay (26°30'S, 55°47'W).</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Ex <i>Leptopogon superciliaris</i>: holotype ♀, Tapantí National Park, Sector Tapantí, Costa Rica (09°46'N, 83°47'W), 8 August 2009, O. Sychra & I. Literak (MMBC).</p> <p>Paratypes: 2♂ with the same data as holotype (MMBC).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Myrsidea leptopogoni</i> n. sp. is morphologically close to <i>M</i>. <i>rekasii</i> Dalgleish & Price, 2003 —from species of Pipridae—in setal counts and the shape of tergites, but both sexes of <i>M. leptopogoni</i> have larger dimensions. Furthermore, the female of <i>M. leptopogoni</i> can also be distinguished by the absence of a median gap among setae on tergite I (Fig. 29), and the male by the number of setae on tergites I–III (total 35–36 vs 19–28 in <i>M. rekasii</i>). Among the species of <i>Myrsidea</i> from members of the Tyrannidae, the closest morphological species to <i>M. leptopogoni</i> is <i>M. oleaginei</i>, but females can be easily distinguished by the shape of tergites I–II, being U-shaped in <i>M. leptopogoni</i> (Fig. 29), but V-shaped in <i>M. oleaginei</i>.</p> <p> <b>Description. Female (n = 1).</b> As in Figs 29 and 47. Hypopharyngeal sclerites fully developed. Length of <i>dhs</i> 10, 0.035; <i>dhs</i> 11, 0.098; ratio <i>dhs</i> 10/11, 0.36; <i>ls5</i> 0.04 long, latero-ventral fringe with 10 setae. Gula with 4–5 setae on each side. Pronotum with 6 setae on posterior margin and 3 short spiniform setae at each lateral corner. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 3 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum not enlarged, with 10 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 6 setae; metapleurites with 4 short strong spiniform setae. Femur III with 14–15 setae in ventral setal brush. Tergites modified as on Fig. 29. Tergite I enlarged, compressing II–IV at midline. Abdominal segments with constant row of tergal setae on tergite I and with well-defined median gap on tergites II–VIII. Tergal setae: I, 14; II, 17; III, 13; IV, 10; V, 11; VI, 10; VII, 7; VIII, 4. Postspiracular setae very long on II, IV and VIII (0.44–0.48); long on I and VII (0.29–0.33); and short on III, V and VI (0.13–0.16). Inner posterior seta of last tergum not longer than anal fringe setae with length 0.07; length of short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.03–0.05. Pleural setae: I, 6; II, 9; III, 8; IV, 7–8; V, 7; VI, 6; VII, 5; VIII, 3. Pleurites with only short spine-like setae. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.07) longer as outer (0.05). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4 in each aster: <i>s1</i>, 0.10; <i>s2</i>, 0.06; <i>s3</i>, 0.05; <i>s4</i>, 0.04; with 17 marginal setae between asters, 5 medioanterior; III, 22; IV, 30; V, 32; VI, 29; VII, 15; VIII–IX, 9; and 12 setae on deeply serrated vulvar margin. Anal fringe formed by 32 dorsal and 32 ventral setae. Dimensions: TW, 0.45; POW, 0.35; HL, 0.27; PW, 0.27; MW, 0.42; AWIV, 0.55; ANW, 0.22; TL, 1.45.</p> <p> <b>Male (n = 2).</b> As in Fig. 48. Similar to female except as follows: length of <i>dhs</i> 10, 0.022–0.035; <i>dhs</i> 11, 0.091– 0.095; ratio <i>dhs</i> 10/11, 0.24–0.37; <i>ls5</i> 0.02–0.04 long, latero-ventral fringe with 9 setae. Gula with 4 setae on each side. Pronotum with 6 setae on posterior margin and 3 short spiniform setae at each lateral corner. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 3–4 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum not enlarged with 7–8 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 6 setae; metapleurites with 3 short spiniform strong setae. Femur III with 12 setae in ventral setal brush. Abdominal segments with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae. Tergal setae: I, 10; II, 13; III, 12– 13; IV, 11–13; V, 9–11; VI, 10; VII, 6–9; VIII, 4–6. Length of inner posterior seta of last tergum, 0.05–0.06; short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.02. Pleural setae: I, 5; II, 5–6; III, 6–7; IV, 6; V, 6; VI, 6; VII, 4–5; VIII, 3. Pleurites with only short spine-like setae. Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.05) as long as outer (0.03). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4 in each aster: <i>s1</i>, 0.08–0.10; <i>s2</i>, 0.05–0,08; <i>s3</i>, 0.04–0.06; <i>s4</i>, 0.03–0.05; with 14 marginal setae between asters, 4–6 medioanterior; III, 1 9–20; IV, 23–25; V, 27–29; VI, 23–24; VII, 15–16; VIII, 5–6; remainder of plate, 7; and with 3 setae posteriorly. With 8 internal anal setae. Genital sac sclerite as in Figs 38–39. Dimensions: TW, 0.40; POW, 0.31–0.32; HL, 0.25; PW, 0.25; MW, 0.34; AWIV, 0.44; GW, 0.11; GSL, 0.10; TL, 1.16–1.23.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> This species epithet is a noun in apposition derived from the generic name of the type host.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This is the first record of chewing lice from <i>Leptopogon superciliaris</i>. A portion of COI gene was sequenced from specimens of <i>M</i>. <i>leptopogoni</i> from Costa Rica (GenBank MF563538). Comparing our sequence with other known sequences of Neotropical <i>Myrsidea</i>, the divergences exceeded 18% in all cases, including that with the morphologically close species <i>M. oleaginei</i> (ex <i>Mionectes oleagineus</i>, family Tyrannidae, GenBank KF048108), with a p-distance of 25.6%. The closest p-distance was with that of <i>M</i>. <i>cnemotriccola</i> (ex <i>Cnemotriccus fuscatus</i>, family Tyrannidae, GenBank KF048124), with a value of 18.1%. Unfortunately, there are no genetic sequences known from <i>M</i>. <i>rekasii</i>, the species morphologically closest to <i>M</i>. <i>leptopogoni</i>. However, considering the combination of morphological differences between <i>M. oleaginei</i> and <i>M. rekasii</i>, and the large sequence divergence with <i>M. oleaginei</i>, we are confident that <i>M. leptopogoni</i> is a new, separate species.</p>Published as part of <i>Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5)</i> on page 427, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1244956">http://zenodo.org/record/1244956</a&gt

Myrsidea scleruri Kolencik & Sychra & Papousek & Kuabara & Valim & Literak 2018, new species

<i>Myrsidea scleruri</i>, new species <p>(Figs 4, 11, 22–23)</p> <p> <i>Myrsidea</i> sp. 1; Kuabara & Valim, 2017: 150.</p> <p> <b>Type host.</b> <i>Sclerurus scansor</i> (Menetries, 1835) —rufous-breasted leaftosser.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (23°09'S, 44°14'W).</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Ex <i>Sclerurus scansor</i>: holotype ♀ (MZUSP#6745), Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 21 September 1944, H. Sick. Paratypes: 2♂, 1♀, (MZUSP#6743–44, 6746) with the same data as holotype (MZUSP).</p> <p> <b>Other material, non-type.</b> 1♂ San Rafael National Park, Paraguay (26°30'S, 55°47'W), 19 August 2012, I. Literak (MMBC).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Myrsidea scleruri</i> n. sp. has the same type of male genital sac sclerite as other species of <i>Myrsidea</i> from the Furnariidae. However, it can be easily distinguished from all Neotropical <i>Myrsidea</i> by a unique combination of characters: (1) pronotum with 8 setae on posterior margin, (2) pleurites III–VII with 2–4 slender and quite long setae, (3) the shape of the male genital sac sclerite (Fig. 11), and (4) shape of female tergites (Fig. 4).</p> <p> <i>Myrsidea calvi</i> Sychra <i>et al</i>., 2007 —described from <i>Sclerurus guatemalensis</i> (Hartlaub, 1844) in Costa Ricais morphologically close to <i>M. scleruri</i> but both species can be easily separated by: (1) number of setae on the posterior margin of pronotum (6 setae vs 8 setae in <i>M. scleruri</i>), (2) shape of tergites I and II, and (3) female total length (1.52–1.60 vs 1.86–1.92).</p> <p> There are five species of Neotropical <i>Myrsidea</i> with 8 setae on the posterior margin of pronotum, as follows: <i>M</i>. <i>aitkeni</i> Clay, 1966, <i>M</i>. <i>antiqua</i> Ansari, 1956, <i>M</i>. <i>carrikeri</i> (Eichler, 1943), <i>M</i>. <i>elegans</i> Ansari, 1956 and <i>M</i>.</p> <p> <i>obsoleti</i> Kounek & Sychra [in Kounek <i>et al.</i>], 2013. All these species were described from members of the Turdidae and are placed in the <i>carrikeri</i> species group (<i>sensu</i> Clay 1966). <i>Myrsidea scleruri</i> is easily distinguished from all these species by a completely different male genital sac sclerite and different modification of tergites in the female.</p> <p> <b>Description. Female (n = 2).</b> As in Figs 4 and 22. Hypopharyngeal sclerites fully developed. Length of <i>dhs</i> 10, 0.090; <i>dhs</i> 11, 0.116; ratio <i>dhs</i> 10/11, 0.78; <i>ls5</i> broken, latero-ventral fringe with 10 setae. Gula with 4 setae on each side. Pronotum with 8 setae on posterior margin and 3 medium length spiniform setae at each lateral corner. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 4 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum enlarged, with 4 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 7–9 setae; metapleurites with 3–4 short strong spiniform setae. Femur III with 18–22 setae in ventral setal brush. Tergite I narrow with medium posterior enlargement; tergite II three times larger than I, with anterior margin medially concave due to enlargement of tergite I. Tergites III-IV slightly concave posteriorly as result of enlargement of first tergites. Abdominal segments II–VIII with well-defined median gap in each row of tergal setae (Fig. 4). Tergal setae: I, 17–20; II, 22–24; III, 22–23; IV, 2 2–26; V, 26; VI, 18–20; VII, 12; VIII, 2–4. Postspiracular setae very long on II, IV, VII and VIII (0.41–0.52); and shorter on I, III, V and VI (0.19–0.30). Inner posterior seta of last tergum with length 0.01; length of short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.03–0.04. Pleural setae: I, 8–9; II, 8–12; III, 8–10; IV, 6–11; V, 6–8; VI, 6–7; VII, 5–6; VIII, 3–4. Pleurites III–VII with 2–4 slender and longer setae. Pleurite VIII with length of inner setae 0.04–0.06 and outer 0.06–0.07. Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a small medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0 (female paratype with 1 seta); II, 5 in each aster: <i>s1</i>, 0.11–0.13; <i>s2</i>, 0.08–0.11; <i>s3</i>, 0.05–0.07; <i>s4</i>, 0.03–0.04; <i>s5</i>, 0.02–0.03; with 14–16 marginal setae between asters, 4–5 medioanterior setae; III, 40–46; IV, 44–48; V, 47–54; VI, 45–46; VII, 20–25; VIII–IX, 16–17; and 15–17 setae on scantly serrated vulvar margin, without medioanterior setae on sternites III–VII. Anal fringe formed by 42–45 dorsal and 41–42 ventral setae. Dimensions: TW, 0.50; POW, 0.35; HL, 0.35–0.41; PW, 0.35; MW, 0.55–0.60; AWIV, 0.76–0.88; ANW, 0.27–0.28; TL, 1.86–1.92.</p> <p> <b>Male (n = 3).</b> As in Fig. 23. Similar to female except as follows: length of <i>dhs</i> 10, 0.070–0.098; <i>dhs</i> 11, 0.110– 0.112; ratio <i>dhs</i> 10/11, 0.64–0.89. Latero-ventral fringe with 10 setae (one specimen with 11 on one side). Gula with 4–5 setae on each side. Pronotum with 8 setae on posterior margin and 3 short spiniform setae at each lateral corner. First tibia with 3 outer ventro-lateral and 4–5 dorso-lateral setae. Metanotum with posterior margin roughly straight with 4 marginal setae; metasternal plate with 7–10 setae; metapleurites with 3–5 short spiniform strong setae. Femur III with 15–21 setae in ventral setal brush. Abdominal tergites with continuous row of setae on tergites I–V and with short median gap in the row of setae only on tergites VI–VIII. Tergal setae: I, 12–14; II, 18– 21; III, 16–25; IV, 16–23; V, 18–21; VI, 15–22; VII, 12–19; VIII, 7–8. Postspiracular setae same with the same pattern as in female but shorter. Length of inner posterior seta of last tergum, 0.01–0.02; short lateral marginal seta of last segment, 0.01–0.02. Pleural setae: I, 5–7; II, 7–12; III, 7–13; IV, 6–12; V, 6–11; VI, 6–10; VII, 5–9; VIII, 3– 5. Pleurites III–VII with 2–4 slender and longer setae: Pleurite VIII with inner setae (0.02) smaller as the outer one (0.03–0.05). Anterior margin of sternal plate II with a medial notch. Sternal setae: I, 0; II, 4–5 in each aster: <i>s1</i>, 0.08–0.10; <i>s2</i>, 0.07–0.10; <i>s3</i>, 0.05–0.07; <i>s4</i>, 0.03–0.04; <i>s5</i>, 0.02–0.03; with 15–17 marginal setae between asters, 7–14 medioanterior; III, 34–37; IV, 45–49; V, 48–52; VI, 47–51; VII, 28–31; VIII, 9–11; remainder of plate, 14–17; sternites VI–VIII with 0–2 medioanterior setae. Genital sac sclerite as in Fig. 11. Dimensions: TW, 0.43–0.49; POW, 0.31–0.33; HL and PW, 0.31–0.33; MW, 0.41–0.46; AWIV, 0.55–0.58; GW, 0.12–0.14; GSL, 0.10; TL, 1.45–1.54.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species epithet is a noun in apposition derived from the generic name of the type host.</p>Published as part of <i>Kolencik, Stanislav, Sychra, Oldrich, Papousek, Ivo, Kuabara, Kamila M. D., Valim, Michel P. & Literak, Ivan, 2018, New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves), pp. 401-431 in Zootaxa 4418 (5)</i> on pages 411-413, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.5.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1244956">http://zenodo.org/record/1244956</a&gt