Hyaluronic Acid and Periodontitis

Hyaluronic acid (HA; synonyms- Hyaluronan, Hyaluronate) is a glycosaminoglycan found in the connective tissue of vertebrates. It is the most abundant glycosaminoglycan of higher molecular weight in the extracellular matrix of soft periodontal tissues. The use of HA in the treatment of inflammatory process is established in medical areas such as orthopedics, dermatology and ophthalmology. In the field of dentistry, it has shown anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects in gingivitis and periodontitis therapy. Due to its tissue healing properties, it could be used as an adjunct to mechanical therapy in the treatment of periodontitis

Bone Grafts in Periodontal Therapy

This article is limited to a review of bone replacement graft materials used in periodontal therapy. The source, mode of bone regeneration and the respective advantages and disadvantages of autogenous, allogenic, xenogenic and alloplastic materials are discussed

Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus

Introduction: Oral Lichen planus (OLP) is chronic inflammatory oral mucosal disease of unknown etiology. Basement membrane damage and T‑cell migration in OLP may be mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). We examined the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 to support this hypothesis. Materials and methods: The study population consisted of 71 patients with OLP and 10 control patients with oral fibromas. Indirect immunohistochemistry was used for detection of MMP 9 expression (polyclonal rabbit anti‑human MMP antibody). Results: In all cases of OLP, the MMP‑9 expression was seen mainly in the area of lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate in the lamina propria including lymphocytes within the overlying epithelium. In addition, it was observed in the epithelial keratinocytes, particularly in the stratum basale and stratum spinosum with occasional positivity in the superficial layer. Fibroblasts and endothelium of small vessels in the lamina propria showed MMP9 expression as well. In all cases of oral mucosal fibromas, the MMP‑9 expression was seen only in fibroblasts and in endothelium of small vessels with occasional positivity within the overlying epithelium. It remains unclear, whether MMP‑9 is directly connected to OLP pathogenesis

Surgical Treatment of Periodontal Intrabony Defects with Calcium Sulphate in Combination with Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate: Clinical Observations Two Years Post-Surgery

The study was designed to evaluate the clinical outcome of a composite material, beta-tricalcium phosphate in combination with calcium sulphate, in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. The combination of these materials is believed to aid in guided tissue regeneration owing to their properties. A total of 47 teeth with intrabony defects in 26 periodontitis patients were treated with Fortoss® Vital (Biocomposites, Staffordshire, UK). Clinical parameters were evaluated which included changes in probing depth, clinical attachment level/loss and gingival recession at the baseline and 2 years postoperatively. The mean differences in measurements between the baseline and 2 years postoperatively were a reduction of 2.07±1.14 mm (p=0.000) in case of probing depth and a gain of 1.93±1.36 mm (p=0.000) in clinical attachment level; but an increase of 0.14±0.73 mm (p=0.571) in gingival recession. The study results show that the treatment with a combination of beta tricalcium phosphate and calcium sulphate led to a significantly favorable clinical improvement in periodontal intrabony defects 2 years after the surgery

Surgical Treatment of Periodontal Intrabony Defects with Calcium Sulphate in Combination with Beta Tricalcium Phosphate – A 12-Month Retrospective Clinical Evaluation

Alloplastic bone graft materials are widely been used in combination with barrier membranes to achieve guided tissue regeneration in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical outcome of a composite material, beta tricalcium phosphate in combination with calcium sulphate in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. The combination of these materials is believed to aid in guided tissue regeneration owing to their properties. Thirty nine intrabony defects in 21 patients were treated with Fortoss® Vital (Biocomposites, Staffordshire, UK). Clinical parameters were evaluated including changes in probing depth, clinical attachment level/loss and gingival recession at baseline and one year postoperatively. The mean differences in measurements between the baseline and one year postoperatively are a reduction of 1.98±1.16 mm (p=0.000) in case of probing depth and a gain of 1.68±1.12 mm (p=0.000) in clinical attachment level and an increase of 0.31±0.67 mm (p=0.009) in gingival recession measurements. The study results show that the treatment with a combination of beta tricalcium phosphate and calcium sulphate led to a significantly favorable clinical improvement in periodontal intrabony defects one year postoperatively