Problems of Objects Identification in Three-dimensional X-ray Tomography

X-ray computed tomography is a unique non-destructive technique which is suitable for dimensional measurements and quality testing. X-ray tomography is applied widely not only in the traditional medical area, but in natural science and engineering fields. The result of tomography is a volumetric map of attenuation coefficients which has, in fact, a limited practical sense. Usually, segmentation that converts the map into binary objects by means of threshold value is applied. In this paper we discuss the some key features of segmentation applied to a test object which is gravel composed of unconsolidated rock fragments. Gravel appeared to be a challenging object for segmentation and image recognition. One of effective approach for image processing of tomographic data, among many possible ones, is presented in this paper

Computer Spatially Oriented Reconstruction of A 3D Heart Shape Based on Its Tomographic Imaging

Diagnostics of cardiovascular system conditions and diseases is considered the most important task of electrocardiology. The aim of the study is to define geometric parameters of the patient heart and the synthesis of a realistic three-dimensional heart image based on a series of two-dimensional images obtained by computer tomography. The preparation and further processing of medical image data is an important initial step for further study of the heart electrodynamic activity. The problem is solved with the help of computer tomography method by preparing a series of images of the patient heart. The technique of volumetric rendering is applied to represent certain anatomical structures in a three-dimensional (3D) graphical form. It is concluded that the character of the obtained three-dimensional model of the patient heart is determined by the quality of the input data, the resolution of the tomograph, the tomographic slice thickness, the accuracy of the object boundaries determining the segmentation process and the peculiarities of medical image processing by the software applied