Dimension on Discrete Spaces

In this paper we develop some combinatorial models for continuous spaces. In this spirit we study the approximations of continuous spaces by graphs, molecular spaces and coordinate matrices. We define the dimension on a discrete space by means of axioms, and the axioms are based on an obvious geometrical background. This work presents some discrete models of n-dimensional Euclidean spaces, n-dimensional spheres, a torus and a projective plane. It explains how to construct new discrete spaces and describes in this connection several three-dimensional closed surfaces with some topological singularities It also analyzes the topology of (3+1)-spacetime. We are also discussing the question by R. Sorkin [19] about how to derive the system of simplicial complexes from a system of open covering of a topological space S.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, Latex. Figures are not included, available from the author upon request. Preprint SU-GP-93/1-1. To appear in "International Journal of Theoretical Physics

Phase transformation B1 to B2 in TiC, TiN, ZrC and ZrN under pressure

Phase stability of various phases of MX (M = Ti, Zr; X = C, N) at equilibrium and under pressure is examined based on first-principles calculations of the electronic and phonon structures. The results reveal that all B1 (NaCl-type) MX structures undergo a phase transition to the B2-structures under high pressure in agreement with the previous total-energy calculations. The B1-MX structures are dynamically stable under very high pressure (210-570 GPa). The pressure-induced B2 (CsCl-type) MC phases are dynamically unstable even at high pressures, and TiN and ZrN are found to crystallize with the B2-structure only at pressures above 55 GPa. The first-order B1-to-B2 phase transition in these nitrides is not related to the softening of phonon modes, and the dynamical instability of B2-MX is associated with a high density of states at the Fermi level.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Mechanism of Photoluminescence in Erbium-Doped Chalcogenide

The monograph describes the technique of the synthesis of glasses and the method of the growth of erbium-doped single crystals. The photoluminescence spectra of Ag0.05Ga0.05Ge0.95S2-Er2S3 glasses and glasses from the Ga2S3-La2S3-Er2S3 system have been investigated in the visible and near-infrared ranges. According to the energy transitions in the erbium ions, a radiation mechanism for conversion and up-conversion luminescence has been established. The role of structural ordering and the influence of defects on the radiation efficiency of Er3+ ions have been investigated. The spectra of photoluminescence of (Ga54.59In44.66Er0.75)2S300 and (Ga69.75La29.75Er0.5)2S300 single crystals have been studied. The efficiency of the radiation of the amorphous and crystalline materials has been compared. Also, the temperature dependence of the integral intensity of the radiation of glasses and single crystals has been studied. It is established that in a limited temperature range, these materials can be used for the manufacture of non-contact optical thermosensors

Development of personnel technologies in the customs system of the Russian Federation

In the paper, the authors study the main reasons for introducing economic sanctions against the Russian Federation and how to counteract them. At the same time, the current situation requires intensified development of the international business to modernize the Russian economy. For this, it has become imperative to understand the role and place of the customs of the Russian Federation in this process and to further improve the approaches to staffing a federal executive body – the Federal Customs Service (FCS of Russia) in terms of selecting highly skilled personnel. In the end, a unified methodology for evaluating candidates taking civil service postsin the customs bodies is propose

CLINICAL-LABORATORY EVALUATION PROVISORY PASTE THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC APICAL PERIODONTITIS

This article discusses the various aspects of bacterial contamination before and after treatment of chronic periodontitis and the choice of drug for the temporary investment of the root canal. As a result of the study revealed the presence of a bacterial pathogen in the root canal at the time of filling a permanent, that is a risk factor for apical periodontitis. Analysis of radiological and microbiological data for 24 months, lead to the conclusion that the paste for the temporary filling of root canal for the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis of the components calcium hydroxide, ciprofloxacin, minocycline, metronidozol, mixed with 2% chlorhexidine solution bigluconate well tolerated It has no side effects and contraindications. The data obtained allow to recommend the proposed paste for effective treatment of destructive forms of chronic periodontitis

MORPHOLOGICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF APPLICATION OF THE DEVELOPED STOMATOLOGIC MEDICAL PREPARATION BY THE BIOLOGICAL METHOD OF TREATINMENT OF THE PULPITIS

Aim. This study was designed for the morphological assessment of the state of tooth pulp tissues after simulated acute 29 Kubanskij nauchnyj medicinskij vestnik 2018; 25 (5) trauma under the influence of the developed dental treatment pad and three analogues in the treatment of deep caries and acute focal pulpitis.Materials and methods. In the course of the experiment the study was conducted on white laboratory rats. The cavities on the molar chewing surface of the upper jaw were formed by spherical burs. The experimentally formed lesions of the surface layer of the pulp were treated using the developed dental preparation and three analogues. Laboratory animals were withdrawn from the experiment on days 3, 7 and 30. Animal teeth were put in a 10% neutral formalin solution, decalcified for 3 days and then put into a mounting medium. The slices obtained had a thickness of 5-15 μm.Results. In the course of the experimental study we detected the activation of reactive and compensatory processes in the tooth pulp tissue with the preservation of its viability by using the developed dental therapeutic preparation and the Biodentin as a comparison preparation on the 30th day of the experiment. Histologically, these changes were expressed in an increase in the level of metabolic processes and in the activation of cellular elements of the tooth pulp tissue on the 30th day of the experiment.Conclusion. As a result of an experimental study of the developed dental therapeutic preparation for the treatment of deep caries and acute focal pulpitis, there was established a specific and multifunctional property in preventing and prophylaxis of the inflammation development and enhancing the protective properties of the pulp tissue under the influence of this preparation.Morphological evaluation of the application of the developed dental treatment pad showed a rapid arrest of the inflammatory response of the pulp tissue within 30 days and the normalization of the main components of the tooth pulp.Developed during the conducted experimental research dental therapeutic preparation confirmed its stated properties, in particular, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, analgesic, moreover, it is not inferior in its properties to the drugs presented in the course of the experimental study

Selecting ways of treatment the lower urinary tract symptoms, after transurethral prostate resection in case of prostatic hyperplasia

After TUR to treat BPH LUTS simtoms stayed, so we performed a study of the effectiveness of different methods of post-operative treatment. The study included 80 patients who were divided into 4 groups. After operation, the patients received a-blocker, a-blocker and m- anticholinergic, a-blocker and m-anticholinergic in conjunction with transrectal microwave hyperthermia, and,at last, control group of patients who was just observed. To sum it up. the best results to eliminate irritative symptoms after TURP showed a combination of the a-blocker and m-anticholinergic, and the combination of these drugs with transrectal hyperthermia. A differentiated approach to the peculiarities of LUTS after TURP and using urodynamic studies can seriously help us to choose the program of postoperative rehabilitation, to improve surgical outcomes and improve the quality of life of the patients.Так как после проведения ТУР по поводу ДГПЖ сохраняются СНМП, мы провели исследование эффективности разных методов послеоперационного лечения. В исследование вошли 80 пациентов, которые были разделены на 4 группы. В послеоперационном периоде пациенты получали а-АЛ, а-АЛ и м-ХЛ, а-АЛ и м-ХЛ в сочетании с трансректальной микроволновой гипертермией, была контрольная группа, пациентам которой проводилось только наблюдение. В итоге, лучшие результаты по устранению ирритативной симптоматики после ТУРП демонстрировали комбинация а-АЛ и м-ХЛ, а также сочетание этих препаратов с трансректальной гипертермией. Дифференцированный подход к особенностям СНМП после ТУРП. использование уродинамических исследований, позволяют обоснованно выбирать программу послеоперационной реабилитации, улучшать результаты оперативного лечения и повышать качество жизни пациентов

Cosmological scalar fields that mimic the ΛCDM\Lambda CDM cosmological model

We look for cosmologies with a scalar field (dark energy without cosmological constant), which mimic the standard $\Lambda CDM$ cosmological model yielding exactly the same large-scale geometry described by the evolution of the Hubble parameter (i.e. photometric distance and angular diameter distance as functions on $z$). Asymptotic behavior of the field solutions is studied in the case of spatially flat Universe with pressureless matter and separable scalar field Lagrangians (power-law kinetic term + power-law potential). Exact analytic solutions are found in some special cases. A number of models have the field solutions with infinite behavior in the past or even singular behavior at finite redshifts. We point out that introduction of the cosmological scalar field involves some degeneracy leading to lower precision in determination of $\Omega_m$. To remove this degeneracy additional information is needed beyond the data on large-scale geometry.Comment: VIII International Conference "Relativistic Astrophysics, Gravitation and Cosmology": May 21-23, 2008, Kyiv, Ukrain