Desafios do empreendedorismo no agronegócio em São Tomé: um estudo de caso do rum Sublime Liberation

O presente trabalho tratou-se de um estudo de caso sobre o empreendedorismo no campo de agronegócio, tomando como foco a produção local de rum praticado pela marca Sublime Liberation. O objetivo principal do trabalho foi mostrar os desafios que a respectiva empresa passa no mercado nacional e como também apontar a perspectiva subjetiva da empresa no que tange o empreendedorismo. Metodologicamente usou-se o estudo de caso, que de certa forma, permite o uso de diferentes métodos na recolha de dados como: entrevista e pesquisa bibliográfica. Por outro lado, no tratamento de dados, usou-se a análise de conteúdo. Com o estudo pôde-se constatar problemas de ordem social e incentivos legais que tem se tornado mais comum de modo impulsionar cada vez mais o empreendedorismo. Por fim, o trabalho permitiu uma maior percepção do que tem sido as políticas de empreendedorismo na ótica de uma empresa que tem tido muito sucesso no mercado; Challenges of entrepreneurship in agribusiness in Sao Tome: a case study of Sublime Liberation rum - ABSTRATCT The present work was a case study about entrepreneurship in the agribusiness field, focusing on local rum production practiced by the Sublime Liberation brand. The main objective of the work was to show the challenges that the respective company faces in the national market and also to point out the subjective perspective of the company with regard to entrepreneurship. Methodologically the case study was used, which in a way, allows the use of different methods in the collection of data such as: interview and bibliographic research. On the other hand, in data treatment, content analysis was used. The study showed social problems and legal incentives that have become more common in order to boost entrepreneurship more and more. Finally, the work allowed a greater perception of what entrepreneurship policies have been like from the perspective of a company that has been very successful in the market

Can space-for-time-substitution surveys represent zooplankton biodiversity patterns and their relationship to environmental drivers?

Space-for-Time-Substitution surveys (SFTS) are commonly used to describe zooplankton community dynamics and to determine lake ecosystem health. SFTS surveys typically combine single point observations from many lakes to evaluate the response of zooplankton community structure and dynamics (e.g., species abundance and biomass, diversity, demographics and modeled rate processes) to spatial gradients in hypothesized environmental drivers (e.g., temperature, nutrients, predation), in lieu of tracking such responses over long time scales. However, the reliability and reproducibility of SFTS zooplankton surveys have not yet been comprehensively tested against empirically-based community dynamics from longterm monitoring efforts distributed worldwide. We use a recently compiled global data set of more than 100 lake zooplankton time series to test whether SFTS surveys can accurately capture zooplankton diversity, and the hypothesized relationship with temperature, using simulated SFTS surveys of the time series data. Specifically, we asked: (1) to what degree can SFTS surveys capture observed biodiversity dynamics; (2) how does timing and duration of sampling affect detected biodiversity patterns; (3) does biodiversity ubiquitously increase with temperature across lakes, or vary by climate zone or lake type; and (4) do results from SFTS surveys produce comparable biodiversity-temperature relationship(s) to empirical data within and among lakes? Testing biodiversity-ecosystem function (BEF) relationships, and the drivers of such relationships, requires a solid data basis. Our work provides a global perspective on the design and usefulness of (long-term) zooplankton monitoring programs and how much confidence we can place in the zooplankton biodiversity patterns observed from SFTS surveys

ZooST: Zooplankton over Space and Time

Climate change is rapidly altering the magnitude and phenology of ecological processes and communities. Single observation “snapshots” from multi-lake surveys over a wide geographic range are typically used to evaluate plankton dynamics and their responses to environmental change. The environmental gradients resulting from the differing conditions of the multiple lakes are assumed to be reliable proxies for time (Space-for-Time-substitutions (SFTS)), useful due to the lack of detailed temporal datasets. SFTS surveys, however, have been critiqued for their assumption that spatial and temporal scales can be coupled. In SFTS lake studies, zooplankton are commonly used as indicators of ecosystem change by modeling how community structure is influenced by environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, nutrients, pH, chlorophyll-a), or by using processed-based models (e.g., secondary production estimates). However, the ability of large-scale snapshots to represent time-integrated patterns in zooplankton community structure and function remains untested. I am compiling long-term time series of zooplankton and associated lake data in order to simulate “snapshot” sampling. I propose to empirically re-sample the data sets under different SFTS permutations and compare results among those permutations using a suite of typical analyses (e.g., diversity indices, production models based on production:biomass ratios). I hypothesize that results will not be reproducible across different SFTS survey permutations and will not capture long-term changes and patterns in the lake data due to the confounding effect of temporal variation within each lake

How to Give Less Bad News: A Guide to ALS Mimics - David Ivanick, MD

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Testing the veracity of space-for-time-substitution surveys in modeling long-term zooplankton community dynamics

Climate change is rapidly altering the magnitude and phenology of ecological processes and communities. Single observation “snapshots” from multi-lake surveys over a geographic range are typically used to evaluate plankton dynamics and their responses to spatial gradients in environmental forcing (e.g. temperature). These surveys, called Space-for-Time-substitution (SFTS) surveys, make the critical assumption that environmental gradients are reliable proxies for time and are therefore useful for overcoming the tradeoff between geographic representation and detailed temporal datasets. SFTS surveys, however, have been critiqued for their assumption that spatial and temporal scales can be coupled, and the ability of large-scale snapshots to represent time-integrated patterns in zooplankton community structure and function remains untested at global scales. We compiled existing global lake time series to test whether SFTS surveys can capture zooplankton biodiversity and its relationship with lake temperature. We broadly hypothesized that single “snapshot” surveys would be unable to capture zooplankton diversity within lakes and that SFTS surveys wouldn’t be able to reproduce zooplankton diversity as a function of temperature between multiple permutations. Therefore, SFTS surveys cannot be used to infer zooplankton community dynamics over time. Results suggest that single “snapshot” surveys are unlikely to represent mean zooplankton diversity at a given moment in time, that SFTS surveys cannot reliably reproduce relationships between lake temperature and zooplankton diversity, and that the relationship between lake temperature and zooplankton diversity varies at local temporal scales

Management of malignancy-induced, life-threatening hypoxemic respiratory failure using a self-expanding Y stent

We present the case of a young woman transferred to our center with acute hypoxic respiratory failure due to an obstructing subcarinal mass. We review the management and rationale of this respiratory failure at different stages of her hospital course. We describe the approach and rationale in both the intensive care unit as well as the bronchoscopy suite. Finally, we discuss how the use of a novel hybrid Y stent effectively palliated her symptoms