New developments in the training programmes of the Department of Surveying

The word `SURVEYOR´ which generally used for land and engineering,surveying processes and experts is getting mean a wider,complex,area. The Department of Surveying (TUB) has realized the new,requirements considering real estate market and the new technical,possibilities of GIS/LIS system and modified the curriculum of the,study programmes. This short introduction reflects the aims and,results of the developing teaching methods

Kynurenic acid and its analogue SZR-72 ameliorate the severity of experimental acute necrotizing pancreatitis

The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis (AP) is not well understood, and the disease does not have specific therapy. Tryptophan metabolite L-kynurenic acid (KYNA) and its synthetic analogue SZR-72 are antagonists of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and have immune modulatory roles in several inflammatory diseases. Our aims were to investigate the effects of KYNA and SZR-72 on experimental AP and to reveal their possible mode of action. AP was induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of L-ornithine-HCl (LO) in SPRD rats. Animals were pretreated with 75-300 mg/kg KYNA or SZR-72. Control animals were injected with physiological saline instead of LO, KYNA and/or SZR-72. Laboratory and histological parameters, as well as pancreatic and systemic circulation were measured to evaluate AP severity. Pancreatic heat shock protein-72 and IL-1β were measured by western blot and ELISA, respectively. Pancreatic expression of NMDAR1 was investigated by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Viability of isolated pancreatic acinar cells in response to LO, KYNA, SZR-72 and/or NMDA administration was assessed by propidium-iodide assay. The effects of LO and/or SZR-72 on neutrophil granulocyte function was also studied. Almost all investigated laboratory and histological parameters of AP were significantly reduced by administration of 300 mg/kg KYNA or SZR-72, whereas the 150 mg/kg or 75 mg/kg doses were less or not effective, respectively. The decreased pancreatic microcirculation was also improved in the AP groups treated with 300 mg/kg KYNA or SZR-72. Interestingly, pancreatic heat shock protein-72 expression was significantly increased by administration of SZR-72, KYNA and/or LO. mRNA and protein expression of NMDAR1 was detected in pancreatic tissue. LO treatment caused acinar cell toxicity which was reversed by 250 µM KYNA or SZR-72. Treatment of acini with NMDA (25, 250, 2000 µM) did not influence the effects of KYNA or SZR-72. Moreover, SZR-72 reduced LO-induced H(2)O(2) production of neutrophil granulocytes. KYNA and SZR-72 have dose-dependent protective effects on LO-induced AP or acinar toxicity which seem to be independent of pancreatic NMDA receptors. Furthermore, SZR-72 treatment suppressed AP-induced activation of neutrophil granulocytes. This study suggests that administration of KYNA and its derivative could be beneficial in AP

Karácsonyi köszöntő; Levelek a szerkesztőhöz; Folyóirat-referátumok

Folyóirat-referátumok: Kardiológia: 1. F. Edelmann [et al.]: Az edzés javítja a terhelhetőséget és a diasztolés funkciókat a szívelégtelenségben szenvedő, de normális ejekciós frakciójú betegeken = Exercise Training Improves Exercise Capacity and Diastolic Function in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. Results of the EX-DHF (Exercise Training in Diastolic Heart Failure) Pilot Study Laboratóriumi medicina: 1. J. Koessler - A.L. Kobsar - K. Brunner [et al.]: Mechanikus transzportrendszerek preanalitikai hatása a laboratóriumi eredményekre = The Preanalytical Influence of Two Different Mechanical Transport Systems on Laboratory Analysis Lipidológia: 1. S.J. Lewis: A lipidcsökkentés kinek válik a javára? = Lipid-Lowering Therapy: Who Can Benefit? Toxikológia: 1. K. Bonnici - R.E. Ferner [et al.]: A bűn virágai = Flowers of Evi

Application of ventricular tachyarrhythmia definitions of the updated Lambeth Conventions provides incompatibility with earlier results, masks antifibrillatory activity and reduces inter-observer agreement.

The Lambeth Conventions (LC I), a landmark guidance document for arrhythmia research was updated and arrhythmia definitions were changed in the new Lambeth Conventions II (LC II). This study examined whether the arrhythmia definitions of LC I and LC II yield the same qualitative results and whether LC II improves inter-observer agreement. Two independent investigators performed blinded arrhythmia analysis of the electrocardiograms of isolated, Langendorff rat hearts subjected to regional ischemia and perfused with Class I antiarrhythmics with 3 or 5 mM K+ in the perfusate. Data obtained with arrhythmia definitions of LC I and LC II were compared within and between observers. Applying ventricular fibrillation (VF) definition of LC II significantly increased VF incidence and reduced VF onset time irrespective of treatment by detecting 'de novo' VF episodes not found by LC I. LC II reduced the number of ventricular tachycardia (VT) episodes and simultaneously increased the number of VF episodes as compared with the respective values obtained according to LC I. Using VF definition of LC II masked the significant antifibrillatory effects of flecainide and the high K+ concentration identified with the VF definition of LC I. When VF incidence was tested, a very strong inter-observer agreement was found according to LC I, whereas using VF definition of LC II reduced inter-observer agreement. It is concluded that LC II shifts some tachyarrhythmias from VT to VF class, and thus results obtained by arrhythmia definitions of LC I and LC II are not compatible; VF definition of LC II may change the conclusion of pharmacological, physiological and pathophysiological arrhythmia investigations and may reduce inter-observer agreement. Thus, VT and VF definitions of LC II should be amended in order to increase compatibility and inter-observer agreement