Atomistic Simulations of Coating of Silver Nanoparticles with Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) Oligomers: Effect of Oligomer Chain Length

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess unique physicochemical properties, which are different from those of matter of the same chemical composition on a larger scale. These features open up the opportunity for their use in many promising chemical and biomedical applications. In this study we have developed an atomistic model for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of AgNP coated by poly­(<i>N</i>-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) oligomers. We focus on identifying the relative length of PVP oligomers, enabling effective protecting of a crystalline silver core of 4.5 nm diameter from water contacts. Three different PVP-coated AgNP systems have been compared: (i) a nanoparticle coated by a mixture of short-chain PVP oligomers of the varying size and (ii,iii) the silver core wrapped by a single, long-chain PVP polymer with the number of monomers equal to 816 and 1440, respectively. We have validated the MD models of the PVP–AgNPs using a series of MD simulations reproducing adsorption, wrapping, and coating of PVP around a silver core either as short PVP oligomers or as a single-chain, long polymer of a varying length. Our simulations predict that the saturated coating of PVP around the silver core of the given diameter can occur when the polymer chain length approaches 2600–2800 units