Distribution of intertidal upogebiid shrimp (Crustacea : Decapoda : Thalassinidea) in Japan

The distributions of six intertidal species of Upogebiidae were determined by collecting shrimp from 74 sites on tidal flats and boulder beaches in Japan, from northern Honshu (the main island of Japan) to the Ryukyu Archipelago (southwestern Japan). Upogebia major, U. issaeffi, and Austinogebia narutensis were not found in the Ryukyu Archipelago, whereas U. carinicauda and U. pugnax were collected only from the Ryukyus or warmer regions exposed to the Kuroshio Current. Upogebia yokoyai was collected all over Japan and was the most common species in this study. From the viewpoint of habitat, U. yokoyai and U. issaeffi were unique in that the former was distributed mainly on brackish tidal flats and the latter mainly on boulder beaches. The identity of the upogebiid shrimp in some reports was corrected

Relationships between motivations to learn science and motivations for natural experience in junior high school students : An investigation using structural equation modeling

This study sought to investigate relationships between motivations to learn science and motivations for natural experience in junior high school students. The participants were 265 students in Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Firstly, explanatory factor analysis revealed that motivations for natural experience were composed of three factors: “familiarity with immediate natural environment”, “familiarity with animals through the senses”, and “interest in animal morphology and ecology”. Next, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to further study the interrelationships. Motivations to learn science was assumed to include two factors: “expectancy of success” and “task values”. Excellent model fi t showed that factors in motivations to learn science have statistically significant effects on factors in motivations for natural experience.本研究の成果の一部は，平成27年度日本理科学会四国支部大会（高知大会）において岡田・草場・伊谷（2015）にて発表されたものである。また、本研究は平成27～31年度科学研究費補助金（基盤研究C：研究代表者：草場実）（課題番号15K04448，研究課題「メタ認知能力を基盤とした科学的思考力育成のための理科学習指導法の開発」）により行ったものである

Two types of symbioses between grapsid crabs and a host thalassinidean shrimp

Two species of grapsid crabs, both of the genus Acmaeopleura, were collected from burrows of a thalassinidean shrimp, Upogebia major, in a tidal flat in Japan. One was Acmaeopleura toriumii, co-habiting in the burrows, and the other was an undescribed species, Acmaeopleura sp., clinging to the abdomen of U. major. Several specimens of A. toriumii were also collected from egg masses of U. major. The field experiment and samplings suggested that A. toriumii is not a burrowing species and depends on Upogebia burrows. Behavioral observations were also made on crabs of the two species maintained in aquaria together with the shrimp. Acmaeopleura toriumii never clung to U. major and seemed to be an omnivorous feeder. In contrast, Acmaeopleura sp. always clung, and almost specifically to the ventral side of the first and second abdominal segments of the host; moreover this crab sometimes migrated to another host individual. A few days after Acmaeopleura sp. was observed clinging to a shrimp, wounds were observed on the abdomen of the host. This ectosymbiotic crab probably feeds on host tissue. In the field, about 13% of the collected U. major had abdominal wounds attributable to Acmaeopleura sp. Symbiotic relationship between Acmaeopleura sp. and U. major will be the first case reported of a crab living ectoparasitically on another decapod

アナジャコモク コウカクルイ ト キョウセイスル コウカクルイ ト ニマイガイルイ ノ セイタイ

京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(理学)甲第9364号理博第2499号新制||理||1279(附属図書館)UT51-2002-G122京都大学大学院理学研究科生物科学専攻(動物学系)(主査)教授 白山 義久, 教授 堀 道雄, 教授 今福 道夫学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of ScienceKyoto UniversityDA

Taxonomy and Life History of the Scale Worm Hesperonoe hwanghaiensis (Polychaeta: Polynoidae), newly Recorded in Japan, with Special Reference to Commensalism to a Burrowing Shrimp, Upogebia major

A unique scale worm Hesperonoe hwanghaienssi Uschakov and Wu, 1959 (Polychaeta: Polynoidae) was collected from tidal flats in Japan and is described here taxonomically as the second record of this species since its original description from Chinese specimens. Some morphological features of our specimens differed slightly from the original description of this species. Marked differences in growth pattern, morphology of elytra and microhabitat were demonstrated between juveniles (1.8 mm or less in body width) and adults (1.9 mm or more). We estimated the outline of the life history of the scale worm by sampling it in various seasons. The scale worm was commensal with the burrowing shrimp Upogebia major. Juveniles of the scale worm were commonly attached to the ventral or lateral surface of the thorax or abdomen of the host throughout May to September in Isahaya Bay in the Ariake Sea, Kyushu. In July 1998, 89% of the host shrimps were infested by the scale worm. Several juveniles (maximum: 7) of the scale worm often aggregated on a host body, with no adults found on the hosts. The adults were collected from sediment samples. These results suggest that the juveniles mainly live on the surface of the host body and that they later detach themselves from the host body and live freely on the inner surface of the burrow of the host

FIGURE 2. Callianassa ogurai n in A new species of the ghost shrimp genus Callianassa Leach, 1814 (Decapoda Axiidea: Callianassidae) from Wakasa Bay, western Japan: the first representative of the genus from the Pacific region

FIGURE 2. Callianassa ogurai n. sp., holotype, male (cl 5.7 mm), CBM-ZC 17093: A, left major cheliped, lateral view; B, left major cheliped, mesial view; C, right minor cheliped, lateral view; D, right minor cheliped, merus to chela, mesial view; E, proximal spines on lower margin of ischium of right minor cheliped.Published as part of Henmi, Yumi, Itani, Gyo, Osawa, Masayuki & Komai, Tomoyuki, 2022, A new species of the ghost shrimp genus Callianassa Leach, 1814 (Decapoda Axiidea: Callianassidae) from Wakasa Bay, western Japan: the first representative of the genus from the Pacific region, pp. 465-478 in Zootaxa 5182 (5) on page 469, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.5.4, http://zenodo.org/record/705965