Achieving fruit, juice, and vegetable recipe preparation goals influences consumption by 4th grade students

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Including children in food preparation activities has long been recommended as a method to encourage children's consumption, but has not been evaluated. Goal setting is also a common component of behavior change programs. This study assessed the impact of attaining goals to prepare fruit-juice or vegetable recipes on student fruit and vegetable consumption as part of a 10-week fruit and vegetable intervention for fourth grade students.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>At six of the 10 sessions, students (n = 671) selected a fruit-juice or vegetable recipe to prepare at home before the next session. Students returned parent-signed notes reporting their child's goal attainment. Baseline and post consumption were assessed with up to four days of dietary recalls. Analyses included regression models predicting post consumption from the number of fruit-juice or vegetable recipe preparation goals attained, controlling for baseline consumption.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In general, girls and Hispanic students achieved the most recipe preparation goals. For students with highest baseline fruit-juice consumption, post fruit-juice consumption was higher by about 1.0 serving for those achieving 2 or 3 fruit-juice recipe preparation goals. Post vegetable consumption was highest for students reporting the highest baseline vegetable consumption and who achieved two or three vegetable recipe preparation goals. In general, recipe goal setting was a useful procedure primarily for those with high baseline consumption.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This is one of the first reports demonstrating that home recipe preparation was correlated with dietary change among children.</p

Use of quercetin in animal feed : effects on the P-gp expression and pharmacokinetics of orally administrated enrofloxacin in chicken

Modulation of P-glycoprotein (P-gp, encoded by Mdr1) by xenobiotics plays central role in pharmacokinetics of various drugs. Quercetin has a potential to modulate P-gp in rodents, however, its effects on P-gp modulation in chicken are still unclear. Herein, study reports role of quercetin in modulation of P-gp expression and subsequent effects on the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in broilers. Results show that P-gp expression was increased in a dose-dependent manner following exposure to quercetin in Caco-2 cells and tissues of chicken. Absorption rate constant and apparent permeability coefficient of rhodamine 123 were decreased, reflecting efflux function of P-gp in chicken intestine increased by quercetin. Quercetin altered pharmacokinetic of enrofloxacin by decreasing area under curve, peak concentration, and time to reach peak concentration and by increasing clearance rate. Molecular docking shows quercetin can form favorable interactions with binding pocket of chicken xenobiotic receptor (CXR). Results provide convincing evidence that quercetin induced P-gp expression in tissues by possible interaction with CXR, and consequently reducing bioavailability of orally administered enrofloxacin through restricting its intestinal absorption and liver/kidney clearance in broilers. The results can be further extended to guide reasonable use of quercetin to avoid drug-feed interaction occurred with co-administered enrofloxacin or other similar antimicrobials.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

A Youth Compendium of Physical Activities: Activity Codes and Metabolic Intensities

A Youth Compendium of Physical Activities (Youth Compendium) was developed to estimate the energy costs of physical activities using data on youth only

Global metabolomic profiling targeting childhood obesity in the Hispanic population

Background: Metabolomics may unravel important biological pathways involved in the pathophysiology of childhood obesity

Sequential confidence sets with guaranteed coverage probability and beta-protection

A general procedure for constructing sequential confidence sets for a vector valued parameter, having a coverage probability at least 1-[alpha] and probability of covering a certain set of false values at most [beta], is developed. The limiting values of the error probabilities are found as the parameter approaches the boundary points. Applications are made to the problem of confidence sets for the mean vector and the covariance matrix of a multivariate normal, and to the multiple regression model.confidence sets stopping time multiple regression

Sequential Confidence Sets With Guaranteed Coverage Probability and Beta-Protection in Multiparameter Families

72 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1987.We consider a class of invariant sequential procedures for constructing one-sided and two-sided confidence sets for a parameter $\gamma$ in R\sp{k}, with the property that they have a coverage probability at least 1 - $\alpha$ and probability of covering a certain set of false values at most $\beta$. In addition, a method is proposed that is capable of generating a wide variety of sequential confidence sets (not necessarily equivariant) and some of its properties are investigated. The asymptotic properties of the stopping time are studied and the limiting values of the error probabilities are found as the parameter approaches the boundary points. Applications are made to the problem of simultaneous confidence sets for the mean and variance of a normal random variable and for its multivariate analogue.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

A random functional central limit theorem for stationary linear processes generated by martingales

A random functional central limit theorem is obtained for a stationary linear process of the form , where {[var epsilon]t} is a strictly stationary sequence of martingale differences and .Functional central limit theorem Linear process Martingales Mixing in the sense of Rényi Random indices Stationary