Общие положения исполнения договора страхования

The article deals with general provisions on the performance of the Insurance Agreement. The subject is analyzed in terms of substance as well as in terms of structure.В статье рассмотрены общие положения исполнения договора страхования. Проанализированы категории «содержание» и «структура» исполнения договора страхования

Complete description of polarization effects in e^+e^- pair production by a photon in the field of a strong laser wave

We consider production of a e^+e^- pair by a high-energy photon in the field of a strong laser wave. A probability of this process for circularly or linearly polarized laser photons and for arbitrary polarization of all other particles is calculated. We obtain the complete set of functions which describe such a probability in a compact invariant form. Besides, we discuss in some detail the polarization effects in the kinematics relevant to the problem of electron-photon conversion at photon-photon and electron-photon colliders.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figure

Some new processes in the collisions of high energy ions and electrons with amorphous or crystalline target atoms

It is shown that taking into account the energy levels of the ions and/or of the crystalline atoms, some energy transfer and excitation processes with consequences similar to the Kossel and Okorokov effects can take place when some additional resonance conditions are satisfied. Such resonance processes can be expected also when microbunched electron beams interact with ions. Since these processes have significant cross-sections and the interaction of projectile ions with atoms of crystals has not been almost studied, it is proposed to begin their study in Kossel- and Okorokov-type experiments

Characterization of the FODMAP-profile in cereal-product ingredients

Cereal-based products, such as bread, are staple foods in the western diet. Due to the nature of their basic ingredients and the diversity of recipes, the amount of fermentable short-chain carbohydrates (FODMAPs) in those products may be high. This study characterized the FODMAP-profiles of a broad range of cereal-product ingredients, serving as a basis for low FODMAP product development. Different cereals, pseudo-cereals, gluten-free flours, pulses, pulse protein ingredients, commercial sprouts, and other cereal-product ingredients were analyzed, using anion-exchange chromatography with electrochemical detection. Wheat and related cereals were high in fructans. Pulses, such as peas contained high galactooligosaccharides (GOS) amounts. Whereas GOS levels in pulse protein ingredients varied, depending on their production. Gluten-free flours, for instance, rice-flour, showed low FODMAP-profiles. Amongst those, buckwheat, which does not contain any of the FODMAPs investigated, contained high amounts of other soluble non-digestible carbohydrates, namely fagopyritols; these may have a similar effect on a sensitive gut as GOS. Finally, ingredients contained mainly high levels of fructans and GOS. Yet, the analysis of commonly consumed commercial cereal products, including bread, pasta, crackers and biscuits, highlighted the relevance of lactose, fructose in excess of glucose and polyols. These products serve as benchmarks for further product development