Impact of two rounds of mass drug administration using diethylcarbamazine combined with albendazole on the prevalence of Brugia timori and of intestinal helminths on Alor Island, Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Annual mass drug administration (MDA) using diethylcarbamizine (DEC, 6 mg/kg) combined with albendazole (alb, 400 mg) is recommended by the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF). This strategy has been shown to be efficient in the of control bancroftian filariasis, but data on brugian filariasis as well as on the positive side effects on intestinal helminths are lacking. METHODS: The effect of one selective treatment and two rounds of MDA using DEC and alb on the prevalence and intensity of Brugia timori infection were studied on Alor island using a cross-sectional and a cohort approach. Before the campaign and ten months after each treatment cycle microfilariae (mf) were assessed by filtration of night blood. Before and ten months after MDA, stool samples were collected and the prevalence of intestinal helminths were determined. RESULTS: In all, the mf-rate dropped from 26.8% before any treatment to 3.8% following the second MDA. Almost all mf-positive, treated individuals showed very low mf densities. The crude prevalence of hookworm dropped from 25.3% to 5.9%. The reduction of prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides (32.3% to 27.6%) and Trichuris trichiura (9.4% to 8.9%) was less pronounced. Within a cohort of 226 individuals, which was examined annually, the prevalence of A. lumbricoides dropped from 43.8% to 26.5% and of T. trichiura from 12.8% to 6.6%. The results indicate that this MDA approach reduces not only the mf prevalence of B. timori but also the prevalence of hookworm and to a lesser extent also of A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura. CONCLUSION: The MDA using DEC and alb as recommended by GPELF is extremely effective for areas with brugian filariasis. The beneficial effect of MDA on intestinal helminths may strengthen the national programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis in Indonesia and may set resources free which are otherwise used for deworming campaigns of schoolchildren

Penuntun Pratikum Parasitologi Kedokteran

iii.148 hal.; 50 c

Penuntun praktikum parasitologi kedokteran./ Is Suhariah Ismid (et al.)

viii, 148 hal. : ill ; 28 cm

Penuntun praktikum parasitologi kedokteran./ Is Suhariah Ismid (et al.)

viii, 148 hal. : ill ; 28 cm

Penuntun praktikum parasitologi kedokteran./ Is Suhariah Ismid (et al.)

viii, 148 hal. : ill ; 28 cm

Penuntun praktikum parasitologi kedokteran./ Is Suhariah Ismid (et al.)

viii, 148 hal. : ill ; 28 cm

Penuntun praktikum parasitologi kedokteran./ Is Suhariah Ismid (et al.)

viii, 148 hal. : ill ; 28 cm

Penuntun praktikum parasitologi kedokteran./ Is Suhariah Ismid (et al.)

viii, 148 hal. : ill ; 28 cm

Cacing yang Ditularkan Melalui Tanah pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Sekitar Klinik Sanitasi di Lombok Timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat

Klinik sanitasi di suatu puskesmas di Lombok Timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat, memberikan pelayanan pasien yang menderita penyakit dan yang mempunyai masalah sanitasi lingkungan. Adanya klinik sanitasi tersebut tidak dapat mencegah tingginya prevalensi infeksi cacing yang ditularkan melalui tanah pada dua sekolah yang berjarak dekat dengan puskesmas tersebut. Di antara 175 dan 113 anak masing-masing di sekolah dasar A dan B. ditemukan infeksi cacing Ascaris lumbricoides dan Trichuris trichiura berturut-turut sebanyak 96,6% dan 79,4% di sekolah A, sementara di sekolah B 73,5% dan 69,0%. Untuk mengetahui intensitas infeksi dilakukan hitung telur per gram (TPG) yang mendapatkan angka-angka 3884 dan 2102 untuk Askariasis berturut-turut di sekolah A dan B, sementara untuk Trikhuriasis angka TPG adalah 436 dan 205. Sampel tanah yang dikumpulkan di sekitar rumah memperlihatkan telur Akcaris positif pada 8 (17,0%) di antara 47 rumah murid sekolah A dan 11 (22,9%) di antara 48 rumah murid sekolah B. Kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada keluarga yang tinggal di 95 rumah tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa fasilitas untuk mendukung kesehatan lingkungan tidak memadai seperti kakus, tempat sampah, dan air bersih. Tercatat adanya higiene perorangan yang bertaraf rendah