Clinical trials. Erythropoietin in treatment of acute MI.

<p>Clinical trials. Erythropoietin in treatment of acute MI.</p

Size of myocardial infarction.

<p>Area of myocardium at risk (AAR) and size of myocardial infarction (MI) 24 hrs after permanent occlusion of the left descending coronary artery or after 2 hrs of occlusion followed by 22 hrs of reperfusion. rhEPO is administered at the time of reperfusion (IR-EPO-0 h) or 4 hrs after beginning of reperfusion (IR-EPO-4 h) or 6 hrs after permanent coronary occlusion (MI-EPO-6 h). Data presented as means ± SEM. AAR is presented as % of left ventricle (LV). MI is presented as % of AAR or % of LV. *- p<0.05 vs all other group (Bonferroni post hoc comparison).</p

Diagram of experimental design.

<p>In A, B, and C left descending coronary artery is occluded for 2 hrs and reperfused for 22 hrs. In D and E left descending coronary artery is occluded for 24 hrs. rhEPO administered 2 hrs after a temporary coronary occlusion at the time of reperfusion (A), or 6 hrs after a temporary coronary occlusion, i.e., 4 hrs after beginning of reperfusion (C), or 6 hrs after a permanent coronary occlusion (E). Physiological saline administered 2 hrs after a temporary occlusion at the time or reperfusion (B) or 2 hrs after a permanent occlusion (D).</p

12-mo survival after MI.

<p>Kaplan-Meier survival curves following induction of MI in a sham operated group (SH- n = 10), and two groups with MI maintained on control diet (CD - n = 27) or blueberry-enriched diet (BD - n = 27).</p

Echo derived pre-diet indices of LV remodeling and MI size at 2 weeks following coronary ligation or sham operation.

<p>*** - p<0.001 vs SH.</p

Effect of blueberry-enriched diet on basic physiological parameters.

<p>Body weight (A), heart rate (B), and arterial blood pressure (C). Note, results of blood pressure measurements are not available for the first 2 time points.</p

Effect of blueberry-enriched diet on cardiac remodeling.

<p>LV mass (A) and posterior wall thickness (B) estimated by bi-monthly Echo during 12 months following induction of MI in rats maintained on control or blueberry-enriched diets and in sham operated rats.</p

LV hypertrophy.

<p>Echo derived measurements of posterior wall thickness normalized for EDV (Pwth/EDV) and LV mass during 10 weeks of post MI observation. Data on sham operated groups (BBs and CCs) is shown for refernce and is not included in statistical comparison. * - p<0.05 <i>vs</i> CC; † - p<0.05 <i>vs</i> BC.</p

Inflammation in the myocardial AAR 24-hrs following permanent coronary ligation.

<p>Hematoxylene & Eosin staining. *- p<0.01 <i>vs</i> CD.</p

MI 24 hrs following permanent coronary ligation.

<p>On the left are samples of the hearts of BD and CD rats subjected to TTC staining: white - necrotic area; red - area at risk (AAR); blue - viable, well-perfused myocardium. On the right is the graph comparing the AAR expressed as a percent of LV and MI size expressed as a percent of LV or AAR in BD and CD rats. *- p<0.01 <i>vs.</i> CD.</p