Assessment of antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities of saponin and crude extracts of Chlorophytum birivilianum

The present paper focused on antioxidant and cytotoxicity assessment of crude and total saponin fraction of Chlorophytum borivilianum as an important medicinal plant. In this study, three different antioxidant activities (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging (DPPH), ferrous ion chelating (FIC), and β-carotene bleaching (BCB) activity) of crude extract and total saponin fraction of C. borivilianum tubers were performed. Crude extract was found to possess higher free radical scavenging activity (ascorbic acid equivalents 2578 ± 111 mg AA/100 g) and bleaching activity (IC50 = 0.7 mg mL−1), while total saponin fraction displayed higher ferrous ion chelating (EC50 = 1 mg mL−1). Cytotoxicity evaluation of crude extract and total saponin fraction against MCF-7, PC3, and HCT-116 cancer cell lines using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay indicated a higher cytotoxicity activity of the crude extract than the total saponin fraction on all cell lines, being most effective and selective on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line

Complex parts surface modelling from laser scanning data

This paper presents the application of non-contact digitizing method for reverse engineering purposes. The 3D scanner with Cyberware CyDir scanning software was used in this research. Five modules are proposed namely i) linear scan mode and angle ii) scanning methods with proper orientation iii) scanning through surfaces iv) cloud points merge and polygonal mesh and v) editing. The output results of data scanned are also discussed. The advantages of this method are also highlighted

Fibre dimension and chemical constituens of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) RRIM 2000 clone series

The new rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) RRIM 2000 series is introduced by Lembaga Getah Malaysia (LGM) for the production of both latex and timber. These rubber tree clones have been under researched since 2000 thus, information on its wood characteristics and the potential utilization are questionable. The aim of this study is to analyze the fiber morphology and chemical component of new clone RRIM 2000 series. The trees were obtained from LGM Experimentation Station in Besut, Terengganu. The rubber trees were 4 years old felled from 3 different plots, RRIM2002, RRIM2020 and RRIM2025. A total of 30 trees were felled and PB260 rubberwood clone is used as control. The results show that fiber dimension length 1300 μm of those trees RRIM2002, RRIM2020 and RRIM2025 are quite uniform. However, this is a trend that the PB260 clone has highest fiber dimension. The fiber ranges were 1100 μm – 1400 μm for fiber length, 26.70 μm – 33.50 μm for fiber diameter and cell wall thickness is 5.10 μm – 5.80 μm. The chemical component of wood indicated that the PB260 clone has higher of ethanol-benzene (1:2) soluble extractives and lignin content which the RRIM2025 shown higher percentage of holocellulose, alpha-cellulose and ash