PENGOLAHAN IKAN “PUPU’ MANDAR” SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT NELAYAN DI KECAMATAN BANGGAE KABUPATEN MAJENE

Kabupaten Majene adalah salah satu daerah  yang berada dipesisir pantai sehingga kabupaten Majene memiliki potensi perikanan yang sangat besar, wilayah  dengan jumlah tangkapan  ikan yang cukup banyak berada di Kecamatan  Banggae Timur Kabupaten Majene. Berbagai  komoditas perikanan laut hasil tangkapan nelayan diantaranya yaitu  ikan tongkol/cakalang, ikan tuna,   ikan layang dan ikan terbang. Hasil tangkapan ikan laut ini oleh nelayan langsung dijual ke penadah ikan. Untuk daerah pemasaran sendiri,  Ikan hasil tangkapan nelayan masih dipasarkan disekitar wilayah kabupaten Majene maupun beberapa kabupaten lainnya di Sulawesi Barat seperti  Polewali, dan Mamuju.Dengan adanya perkembangan teknologi, khususnya  teknologi pengolahan  perikanan, diversifikasi produk perikanan menjadi pilihan yang tepat. Diversifikasi  produk perikanan dilakukan dengan tujuan meningkatkan nilai tambah ikan melalui penambahan bahan baku utama dengan bahan tertentu.Permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam mengembangkan usaha pengolahan ikan di Kabupaten Majene adalah kurangnya  kesadaran masyarakat nelayan dalam memanfaatkan hasil tangkapan ikan dengan mengolahnya menjadi berbagai produk olahan ikan untuk menambah penghasilan. Pengabdian masyarakat ini  hadir sebagai salah satu solusi dalam meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat nelayan melalui pelatihan pengolahan ikan “Pupu’ Mandar”, untuk dapat menambah penghasilan masyarakat nelayan

Use of a Rule Tool in Data Analysis Decision Making

Without any doubt, research work is an integrate part of any educational pursuit. However, students engaging in researches often find it difficult to choose an appropriate statistical analysis instrument for their selected data. This paper presents Research Statistical Analysis – Expert (RSA-Expert) which can be employed in selecting appropriate statistical instrument for a desired purpose. The Visirule software was used as a decision supporting tool, in which the rules are basically and precisely presented using Logic Programming Model. The RSA-Expert discussed in this work can be of great use to researchers in making a firm decision in utilizing suitable statistical data analysis in researches. Keywords: Research, Visirule, Analysis, Univariate, Bivariat

Terahertz antenna array based on a hybrid perovskite structure

This paper presents a novel terahertz (THz) antenna array design comprising a layered structure of a perovskite material which enhances the radiation characteristics of an antenna overlaid on a conventional metallic antenna element. The simulated antenna consists of a THz gold patch antenna coated with a hybrid perovskite material, methyl-ammonium lead iodide CH3NH3PbI3 which enables the manipulation of the THz electromagnetic waves. In addition to this, we also present a comparison of the antenna properties of the proposed hybrid perovskite material with antennas made of gold and perovskite only. The proposed antenna operates in the frequency band 0.9 -1.2 THz. The simulated impedance bandwidth of the proposed array antenna ranges from 0.9 THz to 1.2 THz with a reflection coefficient (S11) less than -10 dB. The antenna array has a radiation patterns stability on the whole frequency band. The peak gain obtained is 11.4 dBi with perovskite arrays. The hybrid and perovskite antenna array demonstrate high radiation efficiency. The designs presented here will help in realising future wireless communication systems that require miniaturisation, fast reconfigurability and wearability

TANGGUNG JAWAB ANAK TERHADAP ORANG TUA LANJUT USIA (LANSIA) DI DESA KAARUYAN KECAMATAN MANANGGU KABUPATEN BOALEMO

Along with the time that continues to turn where previously children who were still toddlers were taken care of by their parents until they moved to the village and got a job and were busy to have a partner and offspring and their own lives, on the other hand the parents who used to raise them have now entered old age which should be the child's obligation to take care of parents at that time. The dilemma that occurs between the obligation to care for wives and children and work with caring for parents when they enter old age or old age. Responding to the phenomenon that occurs related to the child's obligation to choose parents when entering old age. So the service team from the Faculty of Law, Goronalo State University conducted counseling in a number of villages which basically had a number of problems related to this, including Kaaruyaan Village, Paguyaman District, Boalemo Regency, Gorontalo Province. The problems raised in this service include the background of children taking care of their own elderly parents at home and children who entrust elderly parents in nursing homes. Legal review of the responsibilities of children who entrust their parents in nursing homes. This research method uses qualitative methods and discussions in counseling, where the research was carried out in the Kaaruyaan Village area. The subjects of counseling are children who care for and children who entrust elderly parents (Elderly) in Nursing Homes. Observation, interviews and documentation. Extension results. The background of children choosing to entrust elderly parents in the orphanage is triggered by a number of things including work, obstacles in communication between family and parents, incompatibility between the wife / husband and parents in the house. While the background of children chooses to take care of their own parents at home, facilitate communication with parents, control physical health, guarantee the needs and needs of parents daily to apply forms of love and affection to parents

Hydrolysis, Microstructural Profiling and Utilization of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba in Yoghurt

The present study investigates the hydrolysis, microstructural profiling and utilization of guar gum (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) as a prebiotic in a yoghurt. Guar galactomannans (GG) was purified and partially depolymerized using an acid, alkali and enzyme to improve its characteristics and increase its utilization. The prebiotic potential of hydrolyzed guar gum was determined using Basel and supplemented media. Crude guar galactomannans (CGG), purified guar galactomannans (PGG), base hydrolyzed guar galactomannans (BHGG), acid hydrolyzed guar galactomannans (AHGG) and enzymatic hydrolyzed guar galactomannans (EHGG) were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Yoghurt was prepared with a starter culture and incorporating guar gum, its hydrolyzed forms (0.1, 0.5 and 1%) and Bifidobacterium bifidum. The results showed that PHGG significantly improved the viability of B. bifidum. SEM revealed a significant change in the surface morphology of guar gum after acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis. Enzymatic hydrolysis developed a well-defined framework within guar gum molecules. The XRD pattern of CGG, PGG and AHGG presented an amorphous structure and showed low overall crystallinity while EHGG and BHGG resulted in slightly increased crystallinity regions. FTIR spectral analysis suggested that, after hydrolysis, there was no major transformation of functional groups. The addition of the probiotic and prebiotic significantly improved the physiochemical properties of the developed yoghurt. The firmness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness and syneresis were increased while consistency and viscosity were decreased during storage. In sum, a partial hydrolysis of guar gum could be achieved using inexpensive methods with commercial significance

Synergistic effects of activated carbon and nano-zerovalent copper on the performance of hydroxyapatite-alginate beads for the removal of As\u3csup\u3e3+\u3c/sup\u3e from aqueous solution

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd In this study, activated carbon (AC) and nano-zerovalent copper (nZVCu) functionalized hydroxyapatite (HA) and alginate beads were synthesized and used for the removal of As3+ from aqueous solution. The characterization by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, BET surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed successful formation of the AC/nZVCu/HA-alginate, nZVCu/HA-alginate, AC/HA-alginate, and HA-alginate beads. The scanning electron microscopy and surface analysis revealed the prepared beads to be highly mesoporous which led to the maximum adsorption of As3+, i.e., 13.97, 29.33, 30.96, and 39.06 mg/g by HA-alginate, AC/HA-alginate, nZVCu/HA-alginate, and AC/nZVCu/HA-alginate beads, respectively. The thermogravimteric analysis showed the nZVCu/HA-alginate beads to be highly stable while the AC composite beads as the least stable to heat treatment. The HA-alginate beads achieved 39% removal of As3+, however, removal efficiency was promoted to 95% by coupling AC and nZVCu with HA-alginate beads at a reaction time of 120 min. The removal of As3+ by the prepared AC & nZVCu coupled HA-alginate beads was promoted with increasing [As3+]0 and [AC/nZVCu/HA-alginate]0. The pH of aqueous solution significantly influenced the removal of As3+ by AC/nZVCu/HA-alginate beads and maximum removal was achieved at pH 5.8. Freundlich adsorption isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were found to best fit the removal of As3+ by the synthesized beads. The high performance of AC/nZVCu/HA-alginate beads in the removal of As3+ even after seven cyclic treatment as well as least leaching of Cu ions into aqueous solution suggest enhanced reusability and stability of HA-alginate beads by coupling with AC and nZVCu. The results suggest that the synthesized beads have good potential for the removal of As3+ from aqueous solutions

Incisor malocclusion using cut-out method and convolutional neural network

Malocclusion is a condition of misaligned teeth or irregular occlusion of the upper and lower jaws. This condition leads to poor performance of vital functions such as chewing. A common procedure in orthodontic treatment for malocclusion is a conventional diagnostic procedure where a dental health professional takes dental x-rays to examine the teeth to diagnose malocclusion. However, the manual orthodontic diagnostic procedure by dental experts to identify malocclusion is time-consuming and vulnerable to expert bias that results in delayed treatment completion time. Recently, artificial intelligence technology in image processing has gained attention in orthodontics treatment, accelerating the diagnosis and treatment process. However, several issues concerning the dental images as input of the classification model may affect the accuracy of the classification. In addition, unstructured images with varying sizes and the problem of a machine learning algorithm that does not focus on the region of interest (ROI) for incisor features bring challenges in delivering the treatment. This study has developed a malocclusion classification model using the cut-out method and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The cut-out method restructures the input images by standardising the sizes and highlighting the incisor sections of the images which assisted the CNN in accurately classifying the malocclusion. From the results, the implementation of the cut-out method generates higher accuracy across all classes of malocclusion compared to the non-implementation of the cut-out method

Acute toxicity, brine shrimp cytotoxicity and relaxant activity of fruits of callistemon citrinus curtis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Callistemon citrinus </it>Curtis belongs to family Myrtaceae that has a great medicinal importance. In our previous work, fruits of <it>Callistemon citrinus </it>were reported to have relaxant (antispasmodic) activity. The current work describes the screening of fractions of the crude methanol extract for tracing spasmolytic constituents so that it shall help us for isolation of bioactive compounds. Acute toxicity and brine shrimp cytotoxicity of crude methanol extract are also performed to standardize it.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The crude methanol extract was obtained by maceration with distilled water (500 ml) three times and fractionated successively with <it>n-</it>hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and <it>n-</it>butanol (300 ml of each solvent). Phytochemical analysis for crude methanol extract was performed. Acute toxicity studies were performed in mice. Brine shrimp cytotoxicity studies were performed to determine its cytotoxicity and standardize it. In other series of experiments, rabbits' jejunum preparations were used in screening for possible relaxant activities of various fractions. They were applied in concentrations of 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/ml on spontaneous rabbits' jejunum preparations. In similar fashion, fractions were also tested on KCl (80 mM) -induced contractions. Calcium chloride curves were constructed in K-rich Tyrode's solution. The effects of various fractions were tested on calcium chloride curves at concentrations 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/ml. Curves of verapamil used as reference drug at concentration 0.1 μM and 0.3 μM were also constructed. The curves were compared with their respective controls for possible right shift.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Methanol extract tested strongly positive for saponins and tannins. However, it tested mild positive for presence of proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates and phenolic compounds. LD₅₀value for crude methanol extract is 476.25 ± 10.3 (470-481, n = 4) mg/ml. Similarly, EC₅₀value for brine shrimp cytotoxicity is 65.5 ± 7.28 (60.8- 69.4, n = 4) mg/ml. All the fractions relaxed the spontaneous and KCl-induced contractions. EC₅₀values (mg/ml) for effects of ethyl acetate fraction on spontaneous and KCl induced contractions are 2.62 ± 0.78 (2.15-3.0, n = 4) and 3.72 ± 0.86 (3.38-4.28, n = 4) respectively. Respective EC₅₀values (mg/ml) for <it>n-</it>butanol fraction are 3.59 ± 0.2(3.07-3.9, n = 4) for spontaneous, and 5.57 ± 0.2 (5.07-6.11, n = 4) for KCl- induced contractions. EC₅₀value for control calcium chloride curve (without extract) is -2.73 ± 0.19 (-2.6 - -2.81, n = 4) while EC₅₀for curves treated with 5.0 mg/ml of chloroform is -2.22 ± 0.02 (-2.16 - -2.3, n = 4). EC₅₀value for ethyl acetate treated (1.0 mg/ml) tissues is -1.95 ± 0.10 (-1.88 - -2.0, n = 4) <it>vs</it>. control EC₅₀= -2.71 ± 0.08 (-2.66 - -2.76, n = 4). All the fractions, except <it>n-</it>hexane, showed a right shift like that of verapamil (EC₅₀= -1.72 ± 0.15 (-1.62 - -1.8, n = 4) vs. Control EC₅₀= -2.41 ± 0.06 (-2.38 - - 2.44, n = 4), a standard drug that blocks voltage operated calcium channels.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Relaxant constituents were more concentrated in ethylacetate fraction followed by chloroform, <it>n -</it>butanol and aqueous fractions that warrant for its isolation. The crude methanol extract is safe at concentration 250 mg/ml or below and results of brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay imply the plant specie may be a source of cytotoxic agents.</p

Permeance Based Algorithm For Computation Of Flux Linkage Characteristics Of Non-Linear 6/4 Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM)

The concept of permeance is used in the analysis of flux linkage of 6/4 SRM. The aim of this paper is to develop an efficient algorithm exploiting the nonlinear feature of the 6/4 SRM using the aforementioned concept of permeance. The first step is to generate the relevant equations related to permeances of the 6/4 SRM under study. The 6/4 SRM’s magnetization curve is then derived from the summation of mmf drops at various blocks representing the motor. The air gap permeances are derived at various angles and 3-D leakage effects are taken into account. These permeances are used for the mmf drop computation. The algorithm is capable of efficiently computing mmf drop at every block to consequently yield a complete accurate nonlinear flux linkage feature of the 6/4 switched reluctance motor. In this way, the capability of the SRM to produce the expected four times the specific output torque due to operation in high saturation region compared to an equivalent induction motor as special the attribute of the SRM is demonstrated