A novel route to organonitrites by Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling of sodium nitrite and potassium organotrifluoroborates

Microwave irradiated palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of potassium styryltrifluoroborates and sodium nitrite gives the corresponding styryl nitrites in high yields. Potassium aryltrifluoroborates also furnish aryl nitrites under same reaction condition. This unprecedented cross-coupling is an interesting development and has the potential to lead to new nitration protocols

Enhancing patient treatment through automation: The development of an efficient scribe and prescribe system

Making scribes and prescriptions are the primary activities for a health professional to serve the patients. Although in most of the cases these tasks are pursued manually, a few studies focused on developing digital scribe generation and prescription systems. Moreover, to enhance the effectiveness and adoption of such digital scribe and prescription systems, these systems should be intelligent and useable enough. Therefore, the objective of this research is to understand the user requirements for developing an automated scribes and intelligent prescribing system for health professionals and to develop the automated scribes and intelligent prescribing system based on the revealed users' requirements. And finally, to evaluate the performance of the proposed system. To attain these objectives, a requirement elicitation study was carried out following the semi-structured interviews to reveal the user requirements for an intelligent scribe and prescription system. The study proposed an automated digital scribe that can record medical information adopting the LSTM model; and also be able to generate automated prescriptions based on a doctor's voice command. Finally, the system was evaluated through an empirical study where participants (doctors) were asked to generate scribes and provide prescriptions manually and also by using the proposed system. The study found that the scribes and prescriptions generated using the proposed system are highly similar to the scribes (87.5 %) and prescriptions (96.2 %) generated manually. Analysis of the evaluation results also showed that the system provides a user-friendly, easy-to-use, intuitive, and interactive interface to facilitate the doctors and clinicians

CRISPR-Cas Genome Editing for Insect Pest Stress Management in Crop Plants

Global crop yield and food security are being threatened by phytophagous insects. Innovative methods are required to increase agricultural output while reducing reliance on hazardous synthetic insecticides. Using the revolutionary CRISPR-Cas technology to develop insect-resistant plants appears to be highly efficient at lowering production costs and increasing farm profitability. The genomes of both a model insect, Drosophila melanogaster, and major phytophagous insect genera, viz. Spodoptera, Helicoverpa, Nilaparvata, Locusta, Tribolium, Agrotis, etc., were successfully edited by the CRISPR-Cas toolkits. This new method, however, has the ability to alter an insect’s DNA in order to either induce a gene drive or overcome an insect’s tolerance to certain insecticides. The rapid progress in the methodologies of CRISPR technology and their diverse applications show a high promise in the development of insect-resistant plant varieties or other strategies for the sustainable management of insect pests to ensure food security. This paper reviewed and critically discussed the use of CRISPR-Cas genome-editing technology in long-term insect pest management. The emphasis of this review was on the prospective uses of the CRISPR-Cas system for insect stress management in crop production through the creation of genome-edited crop plants or insects. The potential and the difficulties of using CRISPR-Cas technology to reduce pest stress in crop plants were critically examined and discussed

CRISPR-Cas Genome Editing for Insect Pest Stress Management in Crop Plants

Global crop yield and food security are being threatened by phytophagous insects. Innovative methods are required to increase agricultural output while reducing reliance on hazardous synthetic insecticides. Using the revolutionary CRISPR-Cas technology to develop insect-resistant plants appears to be highly efficient at lowering production costs and increasing farm profitability. The genomes of both a model insect, Drosophila melanogaster, and major phytophagous insect genera, viz. Spodoptera, Helicoverpa, Nilaparvata, Locusta, Tribolium, Agrotis, etc., were successfully edited by the CRISPR-Cas toolkits. This new method, however, has the ability to alter an insect’s DNA in order to either induce a gene drive or overcome an insect’s tolerance to certain insecticides. The rapid progress in the methodologies of CRISPR technology and their diverse applications show a high promise in the development of insect-resistant plant varieties or other strategies for the sustainable management of insect pests to ensure food security. This paper reviewed and critically discussed the use of CRISPR-Cas genome-editing technology in long-term insect pest management. The emphasis of this review was on the prospective uses of the CRISPR-Cas system for insect stress management in crop production through the creation of genome-edited crop plants or insects. The potential and the difficulties of using CRISPR-Cas technology to reduce pest stress in crop plants were critically examined and discussed