Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR) in LTE-A Heterogeneous Networks based upon Power Ratio Evaluation

As the traffic demand grows and the RF environment changes, the mobile network relies on techniques such as SFR in Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) to overcome capacity and link budget limitation to maintain user experience. Inter-Cell Interference (ICI) strongly affecting Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) of active UEs, especially cell-edge users, which leads to a significant degradation in the total throughput. In this paper we evaluate the performance of SFR with HetNet system in order dealing with interferences. Simulation result shows that the power ratio control in SFR HetNet system doesn’t have much effect on total achieved capacity for overall cell

EFFECT OF LEVEL OF CONCENTRATE FEEDING LEVEL ON EFFICIENCY OF EATING BEHAVIOUR ON ONGOLE CROSSBRED CATTLE

Eight bulls of Ongole Crossbred (OC) cattle with initial body weight (BW) of 297 + 26 kg (CV = 8.75%) fed rice straw treated with urine (RU) (ad libitum) were divided into two groups (each four heads) to determine the effect of concentrate feeding level on efficiency of eating behavior. The cattle was given concentrate feeding composed of beer cake and rice bran to make 14% crude protein at 1% and at 2% BW for RUC1 and RUC2 group, respectively. Eating behavior was measured for 3x24 hours and was performed twice at weeks 2 and 6 of the study. Data obtained were analyzed by t-test. The results showed that the level of concentrate feeding affected the intake of urinated rice straw (P<0.01) and daily BWGain (P<0.05), but the effect was not found (P>0.05) on DMI, length time for eating (196.5 vs. 221.5 min/d), length time for rumination (351.0 vs. 449.4 min/d), efficiency of eating time (37.21 vs. 37.67 gDM/min) and efficiency rumination time (21.43 vs. 18.50 gDM/min). This research showed that concentrate feeding at 2% BW did not alter the efficiency of eating time and rumination compared to 1% BW, although able to improve BWG of OC cattle

Melt Loss Dan Porositas Pada Aluminium Hasil Daur Ulang

Aluminum is a lightweight metal, resistant to corrosion, strong, and easy to get, so its use increasing as a basic material. The accumulation of aluminum scrap that not treated properly can pollute the environment, so need effort to recycle aluminum scrap that can be recovered into new products. Recycling aluminum is profitable in terms of economical, because if these metals are extracted from ore of aluminum is very expensive, pollute the environment, consume large amounts of energy and recycled aluminum becomes the cycle that can occur repeatedly without loss of its properties. Utilization recycling is done through the casting process. Aluminum casting process must be carried out carefully to avoid defective products, one of the most commond efect is porosity. Therefore, it needs to do testing to calculate the porosity in order to improve the quality of casting products. The analysis is using materials from recycled aluminum from beverage cans, household appliances, wheels, and the engine block that cast using sand casting method. Comparisons is 1 kg for each casting. Tests were carried out with density test and then perform calculations to determine the porosity and melt loss. The results of the study showed the highest porosity is specimen from beverage cans with 11,94 % of porosity and density value at 2.58 g/cm3, followed scrap from wheels with 2.61 g/cm3 density which 10.92% porosity. For porosity scrap from household appliances and engine block, is 7.16% and 5.64%. As for the lowest percentage melt loss is scrap from wheel with percentage 14%. And the highest melt loss is scrap from beverage cans with percentage 18%

Analisis Potensi Bahan Pakan Lokal untuk Pengembangan Ternak Sapi Potong di Sumatera Barat

Using secondary data, a survey was conducted to assess the availability of potentially beef cattle feed in West Sumatra province. Two methods were applied to analye the collected data; 1) supporting capacity index (IDD) developed by Livestock Research Institute at Ciawi Bogor which also legally accepted as an instrument to determine regional capacity in supporting cattle feed. 2). Nell and Rollinson method which has been applied in Indonesia since 1974 supported by UNDP. Results showed that by the first method (IDD), West Sumatra has 1,888,032.77 ton and 459,041,026 ton potential feed from agriculture and agricultural by products respectively in 2007. The second Nell and Rollinson method confirmed that West Sumatra has 33,286,255,20 ton from grass production and 588,638.72 ton agricultural by products. Compared between the West Sumatra regional capacity to support beef cattle as 1,028,935.9 animal unit, and ruminants population as 446,072.7 animal unit, there is an additional capacity to keep ruminants as 562,863.2 animal unit. Based on the cattle contribution as 63 % to total population, West Sumatra could increase its support to cattle population by 355,110.6 animal unit. Nell and Rollinson showed an optimistic figure, namely 1,408,892 animal unit for cattle