2 research outputs found
Lâembouche bovine dans les Ă©levages du Plateau Central du Burkina Faso : RĂ©sultats Ă©conomiques dâune dĂ©marche de validation dâun rĂ©fĂ©rentiel technico-Ă©conomique sur la spĂ©culation
La prĂ©sente dĂ©marche de validation du RĂ©fĂ©rentiel technico-Ă©conomique  dâembouche (RTE), Ă©laborĂ© par lâĂ©quipe de recherche de lâInstitut de lâEnvironnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), a Ă©tĂ© entreprise auprĂšs de 11 Ă©levages du Plateau Central du Burkina Faso. Elle a consistĂ© Ă vĂ©rifier si les bases de rentabilitĂ© Ă©conomique des ateliers dâembouche dĂ©finies par ce document thĂ©orique et qui considĂšrent le nombre de bovins Ă emboucher comme facteur clĂ© de cette rentabilitĂ© peuvent se confirmer en conditions rĂ©elles de pratiques des acteurs. Le suivi des 11 Ă©levages a permis dâidentifier cinq (5) profils de rations paysannes appliquĂ©es par les promoteurs. Les quantitĂ©s de ces rations dĂ©passaient de loin les capacitĂ©s dâingestion des animaux et aucune dâentre elles nâĂ©tait équilibrĂ©e en termes de rapport MAD/UF. A contrario, ces rations ont Ă©tĂ© Ă mĂȘme dâimpacter positivement les performances pondĂ©rales des animaux. Les marges nettes des ateliers «grandes exploitations» ont Ă©tĂ© deux fois celles des ateliers «moyennes exploitations» et six fois celles des ateliers «petites exploitations». Avec des seuils de rentabilitĂ© enregistrĂ©s de 4,49 ; 12,57 et 21,38 pour  respectivement les ateliers de 5, 20 et 40 tĂȘtes de bovins, lâĂ©tude confirme les bases thĂ©oriques de rentabilitĂ© Ă©conomique des ateliers dâembouche du RTE.© 2015 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clĂ©s : Ration paysanne, alimentation, performances pondĂ©rales, rentabilitĂ© Ă©conomique, gain moyen quotidien (GMQ)
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Local Chicken Ecotypes in Burkina Faso Using Microsatellite Markers
The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of local chicken ecotypes from Burkina Faso using microsatellite markers. A total of 71 individuals representing local chicken populations from the Centre-East (18), Centre-North (17), Sahel (18) and South-West (18) were used to estimate genetic diversity indices, population structure and phylogenetic relationships using 20 selected polymorphic microsatellite markers. The number of alleles, mean number of alleles, mean of observed and expected heterozygosity and polymorphic information content were 127, 6.35, 0.391, 0.521, 0.539 and 0.541, respectively. The estimated overall fixation index between loci (F), among populations (FIS) and inbreeding coefficient within chicken ecotypes were 0.239, 0.267 and 0.243, respectively. Analysis of the molecular variance revealed that 77% of the total genetic diversity was attributed to within-population variation and the remaining 1% and 22% were attributed to among-regions differentiation (FST) and among-individual differentiation (FIT), respectively. The highest pairwise genetic distance (0.026) was found between the local Konde ecotype and those from the Centre-North region while the lowest distance was observed between local chickens from the Sahel and the Centre-North regions (0.003). Neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree and principal component discriminant analyses confirmed the observed genetic distances between populations. The results show that local chickens in Burkina Faso have a rich genetic diversity with little differentiation between the studied populations. This study provides important information on measures of genetic diversity that could help in the design and implementation of future genetic improvement and conservation programs for local chickens in Burkina Faso