PERMIAN FUSULINACEANS OF THE SURMAQ FORMATION IN THEABADEH REGION, CENTRAL IRAN

Fusulinaceans consisting of 56 species belonging to 30 genera are distinguished from the Surmaq Formation distributed in the Abadeh region, central Iran.  Among them, 23 species, including three species newly proposed: Parafusulina tarazi, Skinnerella abadehensis, and Sphaerulina iranensis, are systematically described and discussed.  Many microphotographs of fusulinaceans are illustrated so as to understand their wide intraspecific variation and to compare them with other faunas  from the Tethyan regions.  The Surmaq Formation is biostratigraphically divided into six zones from lower to upper: Darvasites ordinatus, Pseudofusulina quasifusuliniformis, Eopolydiexodina persica, Afghanella schencki, Neoschwagerina occidentalis, and Chusenella abichi. The first zone is probably Yakhtashian, the second is possibly Kubergandian, the third to fifth are Murgabian, and the last is Midian in age, based on the stratigraphic distribution and faunal correlation of neoschwagerinids and schwagerinids in Middle Permian formations of the Tethyan regions.  Schwagerinids are dominant in these six zones, whereas almost all neoschwagerinids and verbeekinids are restricted to the fourth and fifth zones.  Middle Permian fusulinacean faunas in South West Asian and Mediterranean Sea regions are well represented by those of the Surmaq Formation, and paleobiogeographically assignable to Province A (Western Tethyan Province).  Fusulinacean faunas of Province A are largely different from those in Province B (Eastern Tethyan Province) by the very rare occurrence of typical Colania and Lepidolina, and from Province C (Panthalassan Province) by the presence of Afghanella and Sumatrina.&nbsp

A Study of Identifying Trends in Projector using F-Term Codes from Japanese Patent Applications

It is important for companies to understand technological trends when developing technologies and products. Based on Utterback and Abernathy's theory of the emergence of dominant design, we investigate a method of obtaining technological trends using patent information. In a previous study, we visualised the innovation state and obtained the emergence of dominant designs using FI and theme codes, which are original patent classification codes of Japanese patents, as well as F-terms. However, there has not been sufficient research conducted on how to obtain patent applications and how to select FIs, theme codes, and F-terms, which are the preconditions for the analysis. In this study, we discuss a procedure for obtaining patent applications, selecting FIs, theme codes and F-terms, visualising the innovation state, and predicting the emergence of dominant designs, and report the results

Abodehella, A New Genus of Tetrataxid Foraminifera from the Late Permian

A new genus, Abadehella comprising three new species (tarazi, coniformis, and biconvexa) is proposed and described. So far as the morphologic features are concerned, the genus is considered to be a specialized genus in the family Tetrataxidae. This characteristic genus is found from the basal part of the Abadeh Formation in central Iran, the lowest member of the Zewan Formation in Kashmir, the Palaeofusulina limestone in Malaysia, Lepidolina multiseptata limestones in Cambodia and northeast Japan, the Takauchi and Reichelina-Colaniella limestones of the Maizuru belt, and the Lepidolina kumaensis zone of Shikoku in Japan. The stratigraphic occurrence is limited to the Late Permian and the genus is considered to be useful for international correlation