Generalized Analytical Program of Thyristor Phase Control Circuit with Series and Parallel Resonance Load

The systematic analytical method is reqUired for the ac phase control circuit by means of an inverse parallel thyristor pair which has a series and parallel L-C resonant load, because the phase control action causes abnormal and interesting phenomena, such as an extreme increase of voltage and current, an unique increase and decrease of contained higher harmonics, and a wide variation of power factor, etc. In this paper, the program for the analysis of the thyristor phase control circuit with a series and parallel connected load of series R-L-C circuit units, is been developed. By means of the program, the transient and steady state characteristics of the circuit can be calculated and then comparative study of various versions of circuits can be carried out systematically. The usefulness of the program is demonstrated by some numerical calculated examples

Superconducting anisotropy and evidence for intrinsic pinning in single crystalline MgB2_2

We examine the superconducting anisotropy $\gamma_c = (m_c / m_{ab})^{1/2}$ of a metallic high-$T_c$ superconductor MgB$_2$ by measuring the magnetic torque of a single crystal. The anisotropy $\gamma_c$ does not depend sensitively on the applied magnetic field at 10 K. We obtain the anisotropy parameter $\gamma_c = 4.31 \pm 0.14$. The torque curve shows the sharp hysteresis peak when the field is applied parallel to the boron layers. This comes from the intrinsic pinning and is experimental evidence for the occurrence of superconductivity in the boron layers.Comment: REVTeX 4, To be published in Physical Review

X-ray Anomalous Scattering of Diluted Magnetic Oxide Semiconductors: Possible Evidence of Lattice Deformation for High Temperature Ferromagnetism

We have examined whether the Co ions crystallographically substitute on the Ti sites in rutile and anatase Ti_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$O$_{2-delta}$thin films that exhibit room-temperature ferromagnetism. Intensities of the x-ray Bragg reflection from the films were measured around the$K$-absorption-edge of Co. If the Co ions randomly substitute on the Ti sites, the intensity should exhibit an anomaly due to the anomalous dispersion of the atomic scattering factor of Co. However, none of the anatase and rutile samples did exhibit an anomaly, unambiguously showing that the Co ions in Ti$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$O$_{2-delta}$are not exactly located at the Ti sites of TiO$_2$. The absence of the anomaly is probably caused by a significant deformation of the local structure around Co due to the oxygen vacancy. We have applied the same method to paramagnetic Zn$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$O thin films and obtained direct evidence that the Co ions are indeed substituted on the Zn sites.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted in PR

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Revenue Strategies and Financial Viability for Emerging Nonprofit Sector in Japan:Commercialization or Diversification?

The issues establishing stable autonomous revenue and securing diverse financial sources stand in opposition for the nonprofit sector, and it is more difficult problem in the emerging nonprofit sector of Japan. However, the nonprofit organizations need to manage both conditions compatibly. We examine the relations of revenue structure and financial viability using the Financial Database of NPO Corporations in Japan. In this paper the size of total expense is used as a proxy variable of the short-term financial viability, and the equity size relative to total revenue is considered as the long-term financial viability. Our empirical results show that it is important to acquire diverse financial sources such as donations and membership fees in order to improve financially viable in the long-term, while increasing commercial revenues work effectively to the short-term financial viability. Thus, the nonprofit organizations in Japan concurrently need to seek two crucial revenue strategies, the commercial revenue expansion for immediate survival and the revenue diversification for future innovation.This work was supported partially by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number (25380486), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Visualizing Relief Funds Flow for the Great East Japan Earthquake: Trial Study to Construct an Inflow and Outflow Matrix Model

The Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 caused unprecedented damage. During this time, several nonprofit organizations conducted voluntary emergency support activities in damaged areas. Although there was a magnificent giving, donations to nonprofit organizations’ disaster relief funds still seemed to be low. As streams of donations are very complex, people cannot acquire enough information about their donations’ use by nonprofit organizations. Moreover, a primary method for grasping the framework or streams of donations has not yet been clearly determined. To examine these problems, we aim to aggregate the flow of disaster relief funds by constructing a matrix model of the inflows and outflows of relief funds at various disaster support organizations. Throughout this process, we discuss statistical methods for accounting for the various relief fund streams. Using this matrix model, we found that donations given by people amounted to over 675 billion yen (8.4 billion U.S. dollars), and each had a different stream leading to final use.This paper is partially supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP 15J02955 (Takako Nakajima) and 15K11981 (Yu Ishida).This paper was originally published in Japanese as Nakajima and Baba (2015), Trial study to aggregate the relief funds flow for the Great East Japan Earthquake: Matrix of relief funds inflow and outflow [Higashinihondaishinsai ni okeru enjyoshikin furoh hosoku no kokoromi: infuroh to autofuroh ni kansuru enjyoshikin matorikkusu], in Planning and Public Management, vol.38, no.4, pp.39–49.This revised paper in English is permitted by Japan Association for Planning and Public Management