Magnetsko-optički apsorpcijski spektar kalcija u području 202 do 209 nm

The measurements of oscillator strengths of the principal series of calcium are presented. The data were taken using the magneto-optical rotation (MOR) spectroscopy technique, utilizing the plane-polarized light emitted by the 2.5 GeV electron accelerator, a 6 T superconducting magnet and a 3 m long high-dispersion spectrograph. The MOR spectra were recorded on photographic plates, which were then digitized using a high-resolution densitometer tracer. More accurate oscillator strengths of transitions, 3p64s2 1S0 → 3p64s np 1P1 (n = 11 to 25) have been determined.Prikazuju se mjerenja oscilatornih jakosti glavnog niza kalcija. Primijenili smo metodu magnetsko-optičko-rotacijske (MOR) spektroskopije, s linearno polariziranim svjetlom iz elektronskog sinkrotrona 2.5 GeV, uz upotrebu supravodljivog magneta 6 T i spektrografa visokog razlučivanja dugog 3 m. MOR spektri su se bilježili na fotografskim pločama a snimke smo digitalizirali pomoću densitometra visokog razlučivanja. Postigli smo točnije vrijednosti oscilatornih jakosti prijelaza 3p64s2 1S0 → 3p64s np 1P1 (n = 11 do 25)

Novel surface-enhanced raman scattering substrate based on functionalized silicon nanowires

This study reports synthesis of a new Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) substrate using Silicon nanowires (SiNW’s) arrays, produced through chemical etching, and functionalized by tailoring their surface chemistry with nitrogen containing groups. From SEM characterization, phenomenon of micro channel formation, porosity and amorphous nature for the as prepared SiNWs was observed. Photoluminescence (PL) spectrum showed that these nanowires have broad emission band in the range of 500-900 nm. Also, change in the surface chemistry of Si nanowires after nitrogen treatment was observed by elemental analysis, EDX and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The data showed that raising the modification temperature also increased the nitrogen content. At high temperature, pyridine and aromatic amines were the dominant functional groups while a small amount of quaternary nitrogen and protonated amide were also present. Methylene blue (MB) was used as a probe molecule to investigate SERS activities of functionalized SiNWs. The enhancement factor was estimated to be 107-109. Interaction of nitrogen containing groups on the surface of SiNWs with MB molecules resulted in high adsorption of MB on the substrate and higher signal detection by SERS

ILMU TAJWID DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP ILMU QIRA’AH

The fundamental thing that is rarely touched by the academics today is the science of tajwid, whereas functionally science of tajwid is a component of science which is the basis for how to read the Qur'an properly and correctly. It is a measure for every letter which is pronounced by qari '(reader), because in every letter of the verses of the Qur'an has its right. Another important thing to note is that the science of tajwid is not born of a vacuum, it is formed from various historical entities that surround it, and therefore tracing the historical roots of this study is a necessity. From historical aspect will be found the roots of the science of tajwid formation is inseparable from the development of science qira'ah. This is because qiraah scholars in their masterpiece also attach a lot of rules about science of tajwid. Departing from it, it can be said science of tajwid discipline has given birth to the implications of the development of science qiraah. Nevertheless, the two brothers of this disciplinary scholarship have substantial substantial differences. The science of qiraah discusses the variety of reading articulately, while the science of tajwid discusses the technicalities of the Qur'anic verses

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) and Traditional Banking: A Convergence or Collision

The intricate interplay between the realm of Decentralized Finance (DeFi) and the well-established domain of traditional banking constitutes a captivating narrative of convergence, divergence, and potential collaboration. This paper embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the multifaceted interactions between these two financial landscapes, seeking to decipher whether they are destined for convergence or if their collision is inevitable. Decentralized Finance, or DeFi, represents a paradigm shift in the financial sector. Empowered by blockchain technology and smart contracts, DeFi platforms offer innovative solutions for lending, borrowing, trading, and more. Meanwhile, traditional banking, with its longstanding institutional framework, has served as the cornerstone of financial services. However, the emergence of DeFi has challenged the established norms, questioning the necessity of intermediaries and centralization. The convergence hypothesis suggests a future where DeFi and traditional banking coalesce, fusing the innovation and accessibility of DeFi with the stability and regulatory oversight of traditional banking. This path envisions traditional financial institutions adopting DeFi technologies to streamline operations and enhance efficiency, ultimately benefiting consumers with faster, cheaper, and more inclusive services. Conversely, the collision theory posits that the inherent differences between DeFi and traditional banking—decentralization vs. centralization, innovation vs. regulation—will lead to clashes that hinder harmonious integration. Regulatory challenges, legal uncertainties surrounding smart contracts, and the potential for market disruptions loom as potential roadblocks to a seamless union. Amid these dynamics, the concept of a symbiotic relationship emerges—a scenario where DeFi and traditional banking coexist while maintaining their distinct attributes. This balance allows for innovation to thrive within the parameters of regulatory compliance, offering consumers a spectrum of financial services catering to diverse preferences. In conclusion, the relationship between DeFi and traditional banking is neither singularly convergent nor inevitably divergent. Rather, it navigates a spectrum of possibilities, shaped by regulatory developments, technological advancements, and market demands. As the financial landscape continues to evolve, this exploration aims to shed light on the potential trajectories of these two worlds and the nuanced interactions that will shape the future of finance

Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi akhlak masyarakat di Desa Napa Kecamatan Batang Toru Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan

Sebahagian masyarakat kurang peduli akan kerja sama yang di lakukan oleh pihak tokoh agama dalam mencapai pembinaan akhlak di masyarakat Desa Napa Kecamata Batang Toru Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Disebabkan orang tua sibuk bekerjakeras siang dan sore untuk memenuhi kebutuhan anak-anak dan waktunya di habiskan diluar rumah, jauh dari keluarga sehingga orang tua tidak sempat mengawasi perkembangan akhlak masyarakat, bahkan tidak punya waktu untuk memberikan bimbingan, sehingga akhlak keluarga atau akhlak masyarakat terabaikan. Berdasarkan latar belakang masalah yang di uraikan yang menjadi rumusan masalah tersebut berupa, bentuk-bentuk faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi akhlak masyarakat, serta hambatan yang di temukan masyarakat dalam membentuk akhlak yang baik dan upaya yang dilakukan masyarakat dalam membentuk akhlak masyarakat di Desa Napa Kecamatan Batang Toru Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Bahkan program kerja sama yang dilakukan para tokoh masyarakat serta guru agama di desa tersebut apa adanya saja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi akhlak masyarakat di Desa Napa Kecamatan Batang Toru Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan yang dilakukan para tokoh masyarakat dan juga para guru agama. Adapun jenis penelitian adalah penelitian kualitatifdeskripsi yaitu penelitian yang berusaha menggambarkan dan menginterprestasikan objek sesuai apa adanya, dan hasilnya diuraikan berupa kata-kata tertulis. Adapun sumber data primer dalam penelitian ini berasal dari guru agama yang ada di masyarakat Desa Napa Kecamatan Batang Toru Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan, sumber data skunder diperoleh dari guru agama serta tokoh masyarakatnya. Setelah penelitian ini dilakukan bahwa kerja sama para guru agama serta tokoh masyarakat di Desa Napa Kecamatan Batang Toru Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan adalah di kategorikan kurang baik