Spectroscopic source redshifts and parameter constraints from weak lensing and the cosmic microwave background

Weak lensing is a potentially robust and model-independent cosmological probe, but its accuracy is dependent on knowledge of the redshift distribution of the source galaxies used. The most robust way to determine the redshift distribution is via spectroscopy of a subsample of the source galaxies. We forecast constraints from combining cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies with cosmic shear using a spectroscopically determined redshift distribution, varying the number of spectra Nspec obtained from 64 to [infinity]. The source redshift distribution is expanded in a Fourier series, and the amplitudes of each mode are considered as parameters to be constrained via both the spectroscopic and weak lensing data. We assume independent source redshifts, and consider in what circumstances this is a good approximation (the sources are clustered and for narrow spectroscopic surveys with many objects this results in the redshifts being correlated). It is found that for the surveys considered and for a prior of 0.04 on the calibration parameters, the addition of redshift information makes significant improvements on the constraints on the cosmological parameters; however, beyond Nspec ~ few × 10^3 the addition of further spectra will make only a very small improvement to the cosmological parameters. We find that a better calibration makes large Nspec more useful. Using an eigenvector analysis, we find that the improvement continues with even higher Nspec, but not in directions that dominate the uncertainties on the standard cosmological parameters

Development and progress of aquaculture in Egypt with special reference to cage and pen culture

After a brief review of Egypt's present annual production of wild fish, the idea of increasing this production by means of cage and pen culture is discussed, as it would utilize vast aquatic areas of good water quality. A preliminary experiment on cage culture of the carp, Cyprinus carpio is briefly reported

Stringent Restriction from the Growth of Large-Scale Structure on Apparent Acceleration in Inhomogeneous Cosmological Models

Probes of cosmic expansion constitute the main basis for arguments to support or refute a possible apparent acceleration due to different expansion rates in the universe as described by inhomogeneous cosmological models. We present in this Letter a separate argument based on results from an analysis of the growth rate of large-scale structure in the universe as modeled by the inhomogeneous cosmological models of Szekeres. We use the models with no assumptions of spherical or axial symmetries. We find that while the Szekeres models can fit very well the observed expansion history without a $\Lambda$, they fail to produce the observed late-time suppression in the growth unless $\Lambda$ is added to the dynamics. A simultaneous fit to the supernova and growth factor data shows that the cold dark matter model with a cosmological constant ($\Lambda$CDM) provides consistency with the data at a confidence level of 99.65% while the Szekeres model without $\Lambda$ achieves only a 60.46% level. When the data sets are considered separately, the Szekeres with no $\Lambda$ fits the supernova data as well as the $\Lambda$CDM does, but provides a very poor fit to the growth data with only 31.31% consistency level compared to 99.99% for the $\Lambda$CDM. This absence of late-time growth suppression in inhomogeneous models without a $\Lambda$ is consolidated by a physical explanation.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, matches version published in PR

Analisis Pelayanan Publik di Kantor Pelayanan Terpadu Kabupaten Rokan Hilir ( Studi Kasus Tentang Pengurusan Surat Izin Tempat Usaha ) Tahun 2013

This study aims to analyze the Public Service in the Office of IntegratedServices Rokan Hilir (Case Study On Handling Business Permit). And to knowthe obstacles - obstacles or constraints on the Public Service in the Office ofIntegrated Services Rokan Hilir. Improved Infrastructure as a new district isabsolutely necessary. To support the program, the indispensable role of the privatesector because the private sector is also a supporting actor in the implementationof development regardless of the government in control, it will encourage newbusiness climate. The emergence of a variety of businesses - the business gets theattention of the Government, so that the business - the business community and berecognized by the local government. One of the forms of government recognitionis with the location permit (SITU).This research was conducted in Rokan Hilir, defined in this study as manyas 4 key informants KPT Head, Head of Administration, Economics andAdministration Section Chief and Section Head of Development and Welfare,while people who are taking care of and has been assigned to take care of as manyas 20 people each one with data collection derived from documentations and indepthinterviews to the informant. Once the data is collected and then analyzedusing qualitative descriptive analysis. It can be concluded from the lack ofavailability of good access from OPT Rokan Hilir is not available it means thatsuch a complete lack of waiting rooms and computers for employees to performthe work. To KPT must increase facilities and infrastructures so that people feelcomfortable in the care of the maintenance of location permit (SITU).Keyword : Public Service, SITU

The role of Lambda in the cosmological lens equation

The cosmological constant Lambda affects cosmological gravitational lensing. Effects due to Lambda can be studied in the framework of the Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime. Two novel contributions, which can not be accounted for by a proper use of angular diameter distances, are derived. First, a term 2m b Lambda/3 has to be added to the bending angle, where "m" is the lens mass and "b" the impact parameter. Second, Lambda brings about a difference in the redshifts of multiple images. Both effects are quite small for real astrophysical systems (contribution to the bending < 0.1 microarcsec and difference in redshift < 10^{-7}).Comment: 4 pages. (Univ. Zuerich); v2: presentation improved, discussion extended, references to papers posted after the v1-version added. In press on Phys. Rev. Let

Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Siak Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 Tentang Pembentukan Badan Usaha Milik Daerah (Bumd) PT. Permodalan Siak dalam Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat di Kabupaten Siak Tahun 2007-2012

This research aims to describe the implementation of Siak RegencyRegulation No. 11 Year 2006 on the Establishment of provincial enterprises(enterprises) PT. In the capital Siak Economic Empowerment In Siak seen in theimplementation. The usefulness of this study are as material information regardingthe implementation of the Peoples Empowerment held by PT. Siak starting capital togrow, develop and nurture, so as to provide input to the PT. Siak capital andprovincial governments to the realization of equitable empowerment of the people.This study uses the theory proposed by (Riant Nugroho, 2006: 158) theimplementation of the policy in principle is a way in order to achieve a policy goal,nothing more and nothing less. To implement public policy, then there are twooptions available measures that directly mengeimplementasikan in the form ofprograms or policies regulai derivative or derivative of such public policy. Themethod used in this study is qualitative methods of data that can not be expressed interms of numbers but in the form of an explanation that describes the shape of thestate, a process, a particular event. Data collection techniques using interviewtechniques and documentation of the results of this study can be concluded that theimplementation of the Regional Regulation No. 11 of 2006 is not running optimally. Itcan be seen from this type of loan can not reach the poor, not the course of 11 typesof loans that are provided and the misappropriation of funds by customers.Key Word : Implementation, PT. Permodalan Siak, Economic Empowerment

Probing decisive answers to dark energy questions from cosmic complementarity and lensing tomography

We study future constraints on dark energy parameters determined from several combinations of CMB experiments, supernova data, and weak lensing surveys with and without tomography. In this analysis, we look in particular for combinations that will bring the uncertainties to a level of precision tight enough (a few percent) to answer decisively some of the dark energy questions. We probe the dark energy using two variants of its equation of state, and its energy density.We consider a set of 13 cosmological and systematic parameters, and assume reasonable priors on the lensing and supernova systematics. We consider various lensing surveys: a wide survey with f_{sky}=0.7, and with 2 (WLT2) and 5 (WLT5) tomographic bins; a deep survey with 10 bins (WLT10). The constraints found from Planck, 2000 supernovae with z_max=0.8, and WLT2 are: {sigma(w_0)=0.086, sigma(w_1)=0.069}, {sigma(w_0)=0.088, sigma(w_a)=0.11}, and {sigma(E_1)=0.029, sigma(E_2)=0.065}. With 5 bins, we find {sigma(w_0)=0.04, sigma(w_1)=0.034}, {sigma(w_0)=0.041, sigma(w_a)=0.056}, and {sigma(E_1)=0.012, sigma(E_2)=0.049}. Finally, we find from Planck, 2000 supernovae with z_max=1.5, and WLT10 with f_{sky}=0.1: {sigma(w_0)=0.032, sigma(w_1)=0.027}, {sigma(w_0)=0.033, sigma(w_a)=0.040}, and {sigma(E_1)=0.01, sigma(E_2)=0.04}. Although some worries remain about other systematics, our study shows that after the combination of the 3 probes, lensing tomography with many redshift bins and large coverages of the sky has the potential to add key improvements to the dark energy parameter constraints. However, the requirement for very ambitious and sophisticated surveys in order to achieve some of the constraints or to improve them suggests the need for new tests to probe the nature of dark energy in addition to constraining its equation of state. (Abriged)Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures; matches MNRAS accepted versio

Kekalahan Incumbent dalam Pemilihan Penghulu di Kepenghuluan Sekeladi Kecamatan Tanah Putih Kabupaten Rokan Hilir

Selection of Penghulu carried out simultaneously and surging throughout kepenghuluan in the region Rokan Hilir district. pemerilan pemulu here means the election of the village head where the village rokan hilir called the village with kepenghuluan and village chief called penghulu this is based on the efforts of the district government in order not to loss of unidirectional value for the society rokan downstream.The author conducted a research background on the election conducted in kepenghuluan sekeladi where in followed by five candidates, where each candidate to get a sound that is almost balanced there is only one candidate who get very low when compared with other candidates. Candidates who get a very low vote earning here is an incumbent candidate. This is what makes us as the authors want to conduct research to cause low incumbent candidate votes in the selection of penghulu.This study we as the authors review with two indicators of voter behavior and political marketing (strategy kompanye). Choosing Behavior Simply defined as the decision of a voter to vote for a candidate or a particular in the election. While Political Marketing is a political campaign strategy to form a certain set of political meanings in the minds of the voters.This research uses "multiple method" that is merging between quantitative and qualitative methods, in this case is the spread of questionnaires and interviews. Types of research data are primary data and secondary data, Data collection techniques used are questionnaires and interviews, Data analysis techniques used in this study using quantitative descriptive methods Data analysis techniques in this study is also reinforced by qualitative data.The results show that incumbent candidate is seen from the aspect of voter behavior and kompaye strategy has not been able to influence society to choose it. This is seen from the variable and indicator that the author set when doing research dikepenghuluan sekeladi