NEUROCOGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN DRUG-NAIVE PATIENTS WITH FIRST EPISODE OF PSYCHOSIS BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT

Cognitive deficit is a core feature of schizophrenia mostly grasping memory, psychomotor processing, attention, thinking, and executive functioning and is already present in the prodromal phase of the illness and is detected at the onset. Recent studies have been focused on the differentiation of cognitive functioning in relation to the diagnostic categories, which reveal cognitive heterogeneity in schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The study demonstrated that along with changes in the clinical state, specifically, with reduction of psychopathological symptoms, patients with schizoaffective disorders show more positive dynamics with better chances to back up while in schizophrenia the cognitive dysfunction is more defoned and less prone to improvement

NEUROCOGNITIVE DEFICIT CHANGES IN RELATION TO THE COURSE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA AND SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS: 5-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY

Cognitive deficit is present in most of schizophrenia cases and even better explains functional outcomes then positive and negative symptoms. There have been less consensus regarding the long-term course of cognitive functioning after onset of the illness. In our study we used a neuropsychological test battery based on Luria`s systematic approach in testing of patients at their first episode of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders and during 5-year follow-up. The results indicated that patients with various types of course of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders and hence, good and poor outcomes demonstrated different patterns of dynamic of cognitive decline during the follow-up

NEUROCOGNITIVE DEFICIT CHANGES IN RELATION TO THE COURSE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA AND SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS: 5-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY

Cognitive deficit is present in most of schizophrenia cases and even better explains functional outcomes then positive and negative symptoms. There have been less consensus regarding the long-term course of cognitive functioning after onset of the illness. In our study we used a neuropsychological test battery based on Luria`s systematic approach in testing of patients at their first episode of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders and during 5-year follow-up. The results indicated that patients with various types of course of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders and hence, good and poor outcomes demonstrated different patterns of dynamic of cognitive decline during the follow-up

NEUROCOGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN DRUG-NAIVE PATIENTS WITH FIRST EPISODE OF PSYCHOSIS BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT

Cognitive deficit is a core feature of schizophrenia mostly grasping memory, psychomotor processing, attention, thinking, and executive functioning and is already present in the prodromal phase of the illness and is detected at the onset. Recent studies have been focused on the differentiation of cognitive functioning in relation to the diagnostic categories, which reveal cognitive heterogeneity in schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The study demonstrated that along with changes in the clinical state, specifically, with reduction of psychopathological symptoms, patients with schizoaffective disorders show more positive dynamics with better chances to back up while in schizophrenia the cognitive dysfunction is more defoned and less prone to improvement

ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLE IN FIST EPISODE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA AND SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS WITH AND WITHOUT PARANOID IDEAT

In the present study we evaluated attributional style which refers to how individuals explain the causes for positive and negative events in their lives in patients with first episode of schizophrenia with and without paranoid ideation. 43 patients with first episode of psychosis and 37 matched normal controls completed Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ) (Combs et al. 2007). Between group comparison of AIHQ scores showed a notable tendency to show aggressive response in overall patients group. We obtained significant elevation of hostility and blame biases scores in intentional and accidental situations in patients with paranoid ideation while the patients with non-paranoid ideation showed greater hostility and blame biases only in accidental situations as compared to controls. Correlations with positive and negative symptoms were obtained. Our findings suggest that patients with first episode of psychosis exhibit difficulties of the attribution biases which are interconnected with symptoms and thus indicate a traitdeficit of attributional style

ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLE IN FIST EPISODE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA AND SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS WITH AND WITHOUT PARANOID IDEAT

In the present study we evaluated attributional style which refers to how individuals explain the causes for positive and negative events in their lives in patients with first episode of schizophrenia with and without paranoid ideation. 43 patients with first episode of psychosis and 37 matched normal controls completed Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ) (Combs et al. 2007). Between group comparison of AIHQ scores showed a notable tendency to show aggressive response in overall patients group. We obtained significant elevation of hostility and blame biases scores in intentional and accidental situations in patients with paranoid ideation while the patients with non-paranoid ideation showed greater hostility and blame biases only in accidental situations as compared to controls. Correlations with positive and negative symptoms were obtained. Our findings suggest that patients with first episode of psychosis exhibit difficulties of the attribution biases which are interconnected with symptoms and thus indicate a traitdeficit of attributional style

Neurocognitive functioning in schizophrenia and during the early phases of psychosis: targeting cognitive remediation interventions.

Recent interest in the early course of schizophrenia accentuated altered cognition prior to the onset. Ultrahigh risk (UHR) individuals with attenuated positive symptoms and transient psychotic episodes demonstrate neurocognitive deficits across multiple domains such as memory, executive functioning, and processing speed which are consistent with similar disturbances identified in patients with a first episode of schizophrenia. Cognitive remediation (CR) approaches representing a broad set of activities are aimed to restore or improve cognitive functioning. CR proved to be effective in modulating the cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia but is rarely used in ultrahigh risk individuals. From the clinical prospective, a better understanding of cognitive functioning in at-risk states is essential for the development of optimal early intervention models. In the review, we highlight the intervention targets, notably the specific cognitive deficits in at risk individuals which preceed the transition to psychosis and emphasize the need of the additional studies using CR approaches in UHR group aiming to enhance cognition and therefore mediate functional improvement.Peer Reviewe

Changes in the Provision of Institutionalized Mental Health Care in Post-Communist Countries

PMCID: PMC3371010This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited

Mental health indicators in Russia : A study of the availability of european indicators for the MINDFUL project

Verkkoversion ISSN 1795-8210Report 13/200