770 research outputs found
Polls and elections: Is Loyalty a Powerful Thing? Republican Senate Campaign Strategy and Trump Coattails in the 2016 Election
Presidential candidates provide a boost to their congressional candidate counterparts, in which congressional candidates should ride the proverbial coattails into office (Campbell and Sumners 1990; Stewart 1989). The 2016 election, however, provides an instance in which the presidential coattails were less than desirable. In this article, we argue that state politics determines the optimal strategy for how candidates should position themselves visâĂ âvis a controversial presidential candidate. Based on our findings, voters rewarded candidates at varying levels for distancing themselves from then candidate Trump. Specifically, the disloyal strategy, in which candidates completely disavowed Trump, worked best in swing states and among Democrats, liberals, and Clinton voters. The ambiguous strategy, in which candidates took an unclear position on Trump, was less effective, but still received gains in appeal among independents and liberals
Corrugated Silicon Platelet Feed Horn Array for CMB Polarimetry at 150 GHz
Next generation cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization anisotropy
measurements will feature focal plane arrays with more than 600 millimeter-wave
detectors. We make use of high-resolution photolithography and wafer-scale etch
tools to build planar arrays of corrugated platelet feeds in silicon with
highly symmetric beams, low cross-polarization and low side lobes. A compact
Au-plated corrugated Si feed designed for 150 GHz operation exhibited
performance equivalent to that of electroformed feeds: ~-0.2 dB insertion loss,
<-20 dB return loss from 120 GHz to 170 GHz, <-25 dB side lobes and <-23 dB
cross-polarization. We are currently fabricating a 50 mm diameter array with 84
horns consisting of 33 Si platelets as a prototype for the SPTpol and ACTpol
telescopes. Our fabrication facilities permit arrays up to 150 mm in diameter.Comment: 12 pages; SPIE proceedings for Millimeter, Submillimeter, and
Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy V (Conference 7741,
June 2010, San Diego, CA, USA
MRI-based Surgical Planning for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
The most common reason for spinal surgery in elderly patients is lumbar
spinal stenosis(LSS). For LSS, treatment decisions based on clinical and
radiological information as well as personal experience of the surgeon shows
large variance. Thus a standardized support system is of high value for a more
objective and reproducible decision. In this work, we develop an automated
algorithm to localize the stenosis causing the symptoms of the patient in
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). With 22 MRI features of each of five spinal
levels of 321 patients, we show it is possible to predict the location of
lesion triggering the symptoms. To support this hypothesis, we conduct an
automated analysis of labeled and unlabeled MRI scans extracted from 788
patients. We confirm quantitatively the importance of radiological information
and provide an algorithmic pipeline for working with raw MRI scans
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Composition of the essential oils from Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum), Big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), and White Sage (Salvia apiana).
The essential oils of Juniperus scopulorum, Artemisia tridentata, and Salvia apiana obtained by steam extraction were analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. For J. scopulorum, twenty-five compounds were identified which accounts for 92.43% of the oil. The primary constituents were sabinene (49.91%), {alpha}-terpinene (9.95%), and 4-terpineol (6.79%). For A. tridentata, twenty compounds were identified which accounts for 84.32% of the oil. The primary constituents were camphor (28.63%), camphene (16.88%), and 1,8-cineole (13.23%). For S. apiana, fourteen compounds were identified which accounts for 96.76% of the oil. The primary component was 1,8-cineole (60.65%)
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Method for creating gas standards form liquid HFE-7100 and FC-72.
HFE-7100 and FC-72 fluorinert are two fluids used during weapon component manufacturing. HFE-7100 is a solvent used in the cleaning of parts, and FC-72 is the blowing agent of a polymeric removable foam. The presence of either FC-72 or HFE-7100 gas in weapon components can provide valuable information as to the stability of the materials. Therefore, gas standards are needed so HFE-7100 and FC-72 gas concentrations can be accurately measured. There is no current established procedure for generating gas standards of either HFE-7100 or FC-72. This report outlines the development of a method to generate gas standards ranging in concentration from 0.1 ppm to 10% by volume. These standards were then run on a Jeol GC-Mate II mass spectrometer and analyzed to produce calibration curves. We present a manifold design that accurately generates gas standards of HFE-7100 and FC-72 and a procedure that allows the amount of each to be determined
Horn Coupled Multichroic Polarimeters for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarization Experiment
Multichroic polarization sensitive detectors enable increased sensitivity and
spectral coverage for observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). An
array optimized for dual frequency detectors can provide 1.7 times gain in
sensitivity compared to a single frequency array. We present the design and
measurements of horn coupled multichroic polarimeters encompassing the 90 and
150 GHz frequency bands and discuss our plans to field an array of these
detectors as part of the ACTPol project
Biological Oxidant and Life Detection (BOLD) mission: an outline for a new mission to Mars
The Viking mission was the only mission to date that conducted life detection experiments. It revealed ambiguous and still controversial results. New findings and hypotheses urge a re-evaluation of the Viking results and a re-evaluation of the evidence for the possible presence of life on Mars in general. Recent findings of abundant water ice on Mars, the presence of liquid contemporary water on the Martian surface, and the detection of methane in the Martian atmosphere further support this possibility. Current missions to be launched focus on habitability considerations (e.g., NASA Phoenix, NASA Mars Science Laboratory), but shy away from directly testing for life on Mars, with the potential exception of the ESA ExoMars mission. If these currently planned missions collect positive evidence toward habitability and the possible existence of extraterrestrial (microbial) life on Mars, it would be timely to propose a new mission to Mars with a strong life detection component. We propose such a mission called BOLD: Biological Oxidant and Life Detection Mission. The BOLD mission objective would be to quantify the amount of hydrogen peroxide existing in the Martian soil and to test for processes typically associated with life. Six landing packages are projected to land on Mars that include a limited power supply, a set of oxidant and life detection experiments, and a transmitter, which is able to transmit information via an existing Mars orbiter back to Earth
Differential expression of an α-galactosyl-containing trisaccharide on high- and low-malignant murine sarcoma cells: Identification and regulation
Past studies have shown that carbohydrate residues reactive with the Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin B 4 (GS I-B4) are present on the surface of highly-malignant murine sarcoma cells but are lacking or expressed in much lower amounts on the surface of low-malignant cells isolated from the same parent tumors (Am J Pathol 111: 27; J Nat Cancer Inst 71: 1281). In the present study it is shown that an antibody which recognizes the trisaccharide Galα1-3GalÎČ1-4GlcNAc- is reactive with the highly-malignant cells but is non-reactive with the low-malignant cells. Further studies show that the high-malignant cells not only bind GS I-B 4 but also bind Evonymus europaea lectin (which like GS I-B 4 recognizes terminal galactose in α1-3 linkage) and Erythina crystagalli lectin (which recognizes sub-terminal galactose in the ÎČ1-4 linkage â e.g., GalÎČ1-4GlcNAc). In contrast, the low malignant cells bind Erythina crystagalli lectin as efficiently as the high malignant cells but do not bind (or bind much smaller amounts of) either GS I-B 4 or Evonymus europaea lectin. The present studies also show that there is no significant difference between high- and low-malignant cells in expression of α-galactosidase activity. In contrast, the high-malignant cells express high levels of α-galactosyl transferase activity while this enzyme is virtually undetectable in low-malignant cells. Taken together, these studies indicate that differential expression of a single monosaccharide residue distinguishes high- and low-malignant murine sarcoma cells. These studies also identify a mechanism to account for surface carbohydrate differences between the high- and low-malignant cells.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42582/1/10585_2004_Article_380463.pd
Biological Oxidant and Life Detection (BOLD) mission: an outline for a new mission to Mars
The Viking mission was the only mission to date that conducted life detection experiments. It revealed ambiguous and still controversial results. New findings and hypotheses urge a re-evaluation of the Viking results and a re-evaluation of the evidence for the possible presence of life on Mars in general. Recent findings of abundant water ice on Mars, the presence of liquid contemporary water on the Martian surface, and the detection of methane in the Martian atmosphere further support this possibility. Current missions to be launched focus on habitability considerations (e.g., NASA Phoenix, NASA Mars Science Laboratory), but shy away from directly testing for life on Mars, with the potential exception of the ESA ExoMars mission. If these currently planned missions collect positive evidence toward habitability and the possible existence of extraterrestrial (microbial) life on Mars, it would be timely to propose a new mission to Mars with a strong life detection component. We propose such a mission called BOLD: Biological Oxidant and Life Detection Mission. The BOLD mission objective would be to quantify the amount of hydrogen peroxide existing in the Martian soil and to test for processes typically associated with life. Six landing packages are projected to land on Mars that include a limited power supply, a set of oxidant and life detection experiments, and a transmitter, which is able to transmit information via an existing Mars orbiter back to Earth
Exploring Halo Substructure with Giant Stars IV: The Extended Structure of the Ursa Minor Dwarf Spheroidal
We present a large area photometric survey of the Ursa Minor dSph. We
identify UMi giant star candidates extending to ~3 deg from the center of the
dSph. Comparison to previous catalogues of stars within the tidal radius of UMi
suggests that our photometric luminosity classification is 100% accurate. Over
a large fraction of the survey area, blue horizontal branch stars associated
with UMi can also be identified. The spatial distribution of both the UMi giant
stars and the BHB stars are remarkably similar, and a large fraction of both
samples of stars are found outside the tidal radius of UMi. An isodensity
contour map of the stars within the tidal radius of UMi reveals two
morphological peculiarities: (1) The highest density of dSph stars is offset
from the center of symmetry of the outer isodensity contours. (2) The overall
shape of the outer contours appear S-shaped. We find that previously determined
King profiles with ~50' tidal radii do not fit well the distribution of our UMi
stars. A King profile with a larger tidal radius produces a reasonable fit,
however a power law with index -3 provides a better fit for radii > 20'. The
existence of UMi stars at large distances from the core of the galaxy, the
peculiar morphology of the dSph within its tidal radius, and the shape of its
surface density profile all suggest that UMi is evolving significantly due to
the tidal influence of the Milky Way. However, the photometric data on UMi
stars alone does not allow us to determine if the candidate extratidal stars
are now unbound or if they remain bound to the dSph within an extended dark
matter halo. (Abridged)Comment: accepted by AJ, 32 pages, 15 figures, emulateapj5 styl
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