Matrix Model of Cooperative Translation

The article deals with modelling the translation process performed in the frameworks of a translation project in a team that consists of translators and experts from related fields. This type of collaborative activity is denoted by the term “cooperative translation” studied from the perspective of the integrative approach and synergetics. The cooperative translation of a photo album, which describes museum exhibits was chosen as the material for the study. The analysis of the operational processes of the project is presented by means of a matrix model in two variants: an organizational matrix and a responsibility matrix. Both models imply the intersection of horizontal and vertical alignment of management and communication levels with a description of the roles of participants, their position in the project matrix structure, characteristics of functional responsibilities and the degree of involvement in the project. The authors proposed a hypothesis about the effectiveness of the matrix format for visualizing operational processes in cooperative translation activities and adapting the communication flows between the participants, which is validated by empirical data. The findings confirm the practicality of the modelling and mapping methodology to describing cooperative activities within a translation project. The article indicates further directions that work should take including a deeper analysis of cooperative translation from a cognitive perspective with reference to embodied cognition of a related research area

RETHINKING THE TRANSLATOR’S ROLE WITHIN THE GILT PROJECT: AN INTEGRATED APPROACH

Over the last few decades the scope of the translator’s role has extended from being a me-diator between source and target texts and is now seen within a purely linguistic approach to establishing his/her own integrated dynamic reality of digital texts and virtual database. Within an integrated approach, we propose that equivalence can be considered from the neutralized position of a translator who needs to conform with translational norms as well as render the communicative purpose of the sender; the text content includes stylistic peculiarities and non-verbal information. In terms of the localization industry, the leading factor should be translational norms incorporated into the system with the help of special software to determine certain modes of translation, the foreignizing mode, domesticating mode, internationalizing mode, and localization mode. With the GILT paradigm the translation model is developing into a new concept that consolidates complex integrated solutions for the translation process

Creativity in translation as one of the cognitive criteria of translation competence (based on the materials of translation for special purposes)

В статье рассматривается категория креативности в переводе на основе комплексности, гетерогенности и относительности переводческого процесса, что составляет основу переводческой компетенции. Рассматривая основные аспекты креативности, автор вводит понятие управляемости, которая напрямую зависит от контекста и информативного содержания текста оригинала и создает определенные условия поиска переводческих решений. На примере специализированного перевода текста о музее Эрмитаж с английского языка на русский при совместной работе переводчиков и узких специалистов автор подчеркивает когнитивно-эвристическую природу перевода и необходимость совместной работы над текстом для создания условий «управляемой . The article focuses on the issue of creativity in translation considering a complex, heterogenic and relevant nature of the translation process, which establishes the concept of translation competence. While discussing the main aspects of translation creativity, the author introduces the term guided creativity which depends on the context and information content of a text and, thus, presupposes certain conditions to deal with translation strategies. Therefore, specialized translation is presented as a cognitive and heuristic process that requires teamwork and collaboration among translators and professionals. The examples from the English-Russian translation of a book about the Hermitage done by a group of Russian translators-specialists help to develop the “guided creativity” approach presented in the article