5 research outputs found

    The Political Situation in the Urals after the Departure of Kolchak’s Army in 1919

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    ЦСль Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ β€” Π½Π° основС извСстных ΠΈ вновь Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡˆΡƒΡŽΡΡ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ВюмСнской (Вобольской Π³ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΠΈ) послС ΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠšΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°ΠΊΠ° Π² августС 1919 Π³. Π”ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ насСлСния ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ стороны Ρ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π° β€” ΠΈ Π² Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅, ΠΈ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π½Π΅ β€” ΡƒΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ тягот Π²ΠΎΠΉΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ нСпосильного Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π°, приняло ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ полоТСния, Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠΈΠ²ΡˆΡƒΡŽ послС прСкращСния Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… дСйствий ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π±Π΅Π»Ρ‹Ρ…, с большим Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ мСроприятия осСни 1919 Π³. дСмонстрировали исчСрпаниС Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ хозяйствСнных, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π»ΡŽΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ². Π’ Π£Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³Π΅ осСнью 1919 Π³. власти ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 400 тыс. Ρ‡Π΅Π»., Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ. ΠšΡ€Π°ΡΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 232,4 тыс. солдат, ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 3 тыс. вскорС Π΄Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· частСй. Аналогичной оказалась ситуация ΠΈ Π² рядах ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π£ ΠšΠΎΠ»Ρ‡Π°ΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ шансов ΡƒΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅, ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° дальнСйший успСх. Π’ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ случаСв ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π³ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΠΈ дСмонстрировали Π½Π΅ΠΉΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ политичСским рСалиям, Π½Π΅ ТСлая ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² Π±ΠΎΡ€ΡŒΠ±Π΅ Π½Π° Ρ‡ΡŒΠ΅ΠΉ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ сторонС, надСясь Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΅ΠΉΡˆΡƒΡŽ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ситуации ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ армСйскиС части Ρ‚Ρ‹Π» оказался Π½Π΅ Π² состоянии Π½ΠΈ Π² хозяйствСнном, Π½ΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-политичСском ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠœΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊ осСни 1919 Π³. молодСТь ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ возраста оказалась Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π° Π² Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ, Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Π² разрядС Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ насСлСния. Π’ ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅, нСсмотря Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ политичСской ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, пСрСвСсило стрСмлСниС насСлСния ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Ρƒ, Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡˆΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ красным, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ схваткС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ сильнСС Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ . The purpose of this article is to describe on the basis of the known and the newly introduced scientific evidence the political situation in Tyumen and in Tobolsk Province in general after Kolchak’s departure in August 1919. The documents show that the majority of the population on both sides of the conflict both in the city and in the country, tired of the war hardships, accepted with a great enthusiasm the stabilization took place after the cessation of hostilities and withdrawal of the White. Enlistment events of the autumn 1919 demonstrated the exhaustion of not only economic resources, but manpower as well. In autumn 1919, in the Ural Military District the authorities planned to raise about 400 thousand people, but the job was not done. 232.4 thousand soldiers joined the Red Army, of which more than 3 thousand soon deserted. A similar situation was in the enemy’s ranks. Kolchak had no chance to gain a foothold in the region, and the White could not hope for continued success. In most cases, the province’s residents showed a neutral attitude to the political realities, reluctant to participate in fighting on anyone’s side and hoping for quick stabilization of the situation and peace. The homefront appeared unable to support the army both in economic, social and political terms. Mobilization attempts encountered not only the reluctance of men to serve in the army, but also the fact that by the autumn of 1919 young people of the age either had already been mobilized, or, for different reasons, were not subject for joining the army. As a result, despite the heterogeneity of the political position, the desire of the population for peace outweighed, and the citizens had to accept the Red, who in the decisive battle showed that they were stronger than the White regime

    Xenophont Georgievich Zheltovsky – the first chief officer of Tyumen governorate militia

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    Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ раскрыты основныС этапы ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ВюмСнской губСрнской ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠšΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π° Π“Π΅ΠΎΡ€Π³ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π° ЖСлтовского. Π’ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ акцСнтируСтся Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ К.Π“. ЖСлтовского Π² долТности Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ВюмСнской (Вобольской) Π³ΡƒΠ±Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΠΈ (1920–1922 . The article reveals the main life periods of the first chief officer in Tyumen province militia Xenophon Georgievich Zheltovsky. The author pays special attention to the activity of X.G. Zheltovsky as a chief officer of Tyumen (Tobolsk) province militia (1920–1922)

    Contemporary historiography of civil war in Russia: the results and prospects of research

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    Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈ пСрспСктивы историографичСского изучСния истории граТданской Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ Π² России. ΠžΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ использования ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ Π² историчСских . The article deals with the results and prospects of historiographical research of Russian civil war history. The affective application of the cognitive in formational theory in historical research is considered
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