APLIKASI UMPAN RAYAP BERBAHAN AKTIF HEXAFLUMURON PADA DOSIS BERBEDA DALAM PENGENDALIAN SERANGAN RAYAP DI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT

Subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus has found as pest in oil palm plantation. The research aimed to control the termites in oil palm plantation using Hexaflumuron bait with different dosage. Location of research was oil palm plantation at Purun village in Mempawah Regency. The study was conducted by a completely randomized design method. The research treatment was dose of Hexaflumuron termite bait, consisting of 30 gram and 60 gram. Three blocks was choosing as a sample treatment consists of block H 35, block H 38 and block H 39. Hexaflumuron bait has weight 30 gram. Treatment dose of 30 gram was conducted with lay down the bait of Hexaflumuron at the mud tunnel of termites in the trunk of oil palm. Treatment dose of 60 gram was conducted with lay down two bait of Hexaflumuron at the mud tunnel of termites in the trunk of oil palm in the different place. Then inspection of bait consumption was conducted every week. Data of bait consumption and termites elimination was collected. Results of the research showed that Hexaflumuron bait was consumed by termites up to 100%. The bait has attracted the termites to consume and non-repellent to termites. After four until seven week consumption the Hexaflumuron bait, termites eliminated from the oil palm. The result of variance analysis showed that there was no significance difference between the dose of 30 gram and 60 gram  on the termite consumption level. Hexaflumuron bait was effective for termites elimination in oil palm plantation within four until seven weeks and dose 30 gram was optimum for termites elimination.Keywords: Coptotermes curvignathus, hexaflumuron, oil palm, termites bait, termites contro

Sulfonylurea Herbicide-Resistant Study on Broadleaf Weeds in The Lowland Rice Production Center in West Java, Indonesia

Most rice growers in Indonesia use herbicides for weed control. However, intensive use of herbicides can lead to the weeds to become resistant to the chemicals. The objective of this study was to determine the resistance status of weeds Ludwigia octovalvis, Sphenoclea zeylanica, Monochoria vaginalis in lowland rice in West Java, Indonesia. The study was started by planting three species of weeds, L. octovalvis, S. zeylanica, M. vaginalis, which were then treated with metsulfuron-methyl and penoxsulam herbicides. The study was conducted from January to May 2020 at Cikabayan Experimental Greenhouse, IPB University. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The first factor was the origin of weeds, exposed weeds (Karawang and Subang), and not exposed to herbicides (Bogor); the second factor was the rates of the herbicide, i.e., 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 g. ha-1 for  metsulfuron- methyl, and 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, and 3200 ml.ha-1 for penoxsulam. The results showed that based on the resistance ratio, S. zeylanica and M. vaginalis from Karawang and Subang, and L. octovalvis from Subang, indicated a low resistance to metsulfuron-methyl, L. octovalvis from Karawang was still sensitive to metsulfuron-methyl. L. octovalvis, S. zeylanica, and M. vaginalis from Karawang and Subang were still sensitive to penoxsulam herbicides. This information would be useful to develop a strategy of weed management for important food crops