Safety Hat for Blind People

People who are visually handicapped or blind find it challenging to travel alone, mostly because they are less aware of their surroundings and unable to feel potential risks. These might endanger themselves. Thus, this work proposed a Safety Hat for Blind People to assist them in performing their daily routines such as walking the dog and buying groceries, only to name a few. The safety hat is made up of three major systems: an obstacle avoidance system, a health monitoring system, and a rain monitoring system, all of which are connected to an Arduino Mega 2560. The obstacle avoidance system, which makes use of four pairs of ultrasonic sensors, shall be activated to alert the user of approaching obstacles from the front, back, left, or right side. Based on experiments, the obstacle avoidance system may detect an obstruction within 100 cm. The user's pulse rate and amount of oxygen (SpO2) can be assessed by the health monitoring system, which employs a pulse oximeter and heart rate sensor, and the results are displayed on the LCD display attached to the safety hat. A buzzer that signals a high pulse rate shall be activated if the measured pulse rate exceeds 100 bpm. The rain monitoring system, on the other hand, uses a rain sensor module to detect the presence of water and uses a buzzer to alert the user. Based on the outcomes of the experiments, this Safety Hat for Blind People shall provide a secure environment for them to lead their daily life normally without any sense of danger

Preparation, Characterization And Applications Of Multi-Functional Iron Oxides-Impregnated Activated Carbon Materials

Kajian ini telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji penyediaan, pencirian dan aplikasi berbeza karbon teraktif terubahsuai ferum oksida (FeACs). Permukaan karbon teraktif (AC) pada awalnya telah dioksidakan dengan menggunakan kalium permanganat (KMnO4) diikuti impregnasi ferum dengan ferum sulfat (FeSO4.7H2O) sebagai prekursor ferum dengan nisbah molar agen pengoksidaan kepada ferum berbeza untuk mengkaji kesan impregnasi ferum terhadap ciri fizikokimia bahan karbon baru yang disediakan. Pelbagai teknik pencirian seperti analisis luas permukaan, SEM, EDX, TEM, HRTEM, SAED, XRD, FTIR, CHN, TCC, TG/DTA, XPS, VSM, TPR / TPD dan pHpzc telah dijalankan. Permukaan impregnasi AC merubah dengan banyak luas permukaan disamping keliangan bahan yang baharu disediakan. Peningkatan luas permukaan sehingga 1640 m2/g didapati untuk AC yang terubahsuai, dengan nisbah molar 0.1 KMnO4 : 0.1 FeSO4.7H2O (B), adalah lebih tinggi daripada AC mentah (1094 m2/g). This study was conducted to investigate the preparation, characterization and different applications of iron oxides-impregnated activated carbon materials (FeACs). The surface of activated carbon (AC) was initially oxidized by using potassium permanganate (KMnO4) followed by the iron impregnation using ferrous sulphate (FeSO4.7H2O) as iron precursor using different molar ratios of the oxidizing agent to the iron precursor to examine the impact of iron impregnation on the physicochemical characteristics of the newly prepared carbon materials. Various characterization techniques such as surface area, SEM, EDX, TEM, HRTEM, SAED, XRD, FTIR, CHN, TCC, TG/DTA, XPS, VSM, TPR/TPD and pHpzc analyses were carried out. The surface impregnation of AC varies the surface area as well as the porosity of the newly prepared materials to a great extent. It depicted an increase in the surface area up to 1640 m2/g for modified AC having molar ratio 0.1 KMnO4 : 0.1 FeSO4.7H2O (B), which was comparatively higher than the raw AC (1094 m2/g)

Finding space to grow urban hedges as a natural air filter along pedestrian paths: a GIS‑based investigation of a UK urban centre

Road vehicles are a significant source of air pollution in cities, with impacts on human health. Previous work has shown that hedges located between the road carriageway and pavement can help to mitigate the impact of vehicle emissions for pedestrians and residents. For continuous improvement of air quality around the city centre area, roadside hedges can be of value. This study has used UK government statistics to map the traffic emissions along major roads in an urban centre. Using appropriate geoprocessing techniques, suitable locations for planting roadside hedges have been identified along these roads. It is envisaged that planting suitable urban hedges at these locations can help further improve air quality

Use of femoral nail with spiral blade in subtrochanteric fractures

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of acute subtrochanteric fractures managed with intramedullary nail and spiral blade fixation of the proximal fragment.Methods: Charts of 33 patients (17 males and 16 females) with acute subtrochanteric fractures operated with intramedullary nail and spiral blade at our institution between March 2006 and February 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. The most common (67%) mechanism of injury was ground-level fall, predominantly involving elderly patients. Results were evaluated in terms of union time, implant failure rate, infection rate and functional outcome.Results: Mean duration of surgery was 2.4 hours and average length of hospital stay was 7 days. Mean radiological healing time was 16 weeks. Good healing occurred in 31 (94%) patients within 6 months of surgery. Uneventful healing occurred in 28 (85%) patients and 3 (9%) had delayed healing requiring dynamization in two patients and bone grafting in one. Implant failure occurred in 2 (6%) patients within 2 months of index surgery requiring repeat surgery. One (3%) patient had varus malunion.Conclusion: Intramedullary nailing with spiral blade is a good option for acute subtrochanteric fractures with promising results. We think that this is a superior device compared to conventional methods of fixation for subtrochanteric fractures

Tackling Hate Speech in Low-resource Languages with Context Experts

Given Myanmars historical and socio-political context, hate speech spread on social media has escalated into offline unrest and violence. This paper presents findings from our remote study on the automatic detection of hate speech online in Myanmar. We argue that effectively addressing this problem will require community-based approaches that combine the knowledge of context experts with machine learning tools that can analyze the vast amount of data produced. To this end, we develop a systematic process to facilitate this collaboration covering key aspects of data collection, annotation, and model validation strategies. We highlight challenges in this area stemming from small and imbalanced datasets, the need to balance non-glamorous data work and stakeholder priorities, and closed data-sharing practices. Stemming from these findings, we discuss avenues for further work in developing and deploying hate speech detection systems for low-resource languages.Comment: ICTD 2022 Conference pape

Gastrointestinal Beriberi as a prodrome of non-alcoholic Wernicke’s encephalopathy: a study of an emerging nutritional deficiency disorder from Kashmir, India

Background: Gastrointestinal manifestations of thiamine deficiency have not been well described in literature. Authors aimed to study the symptoms of gastrointestinal beriberi in a cohort of patients of non-alcoholic Wernicke’s encephalopathy and review the relevant literature.Methods: In a retrospective analysis, case records of 52 patients diagnosed with non-alcoholic Wernicke’s encephalopathy were analyzed for the nature of gastrointestinal symptoms, their duration, severity and associated findings, investigations and response to treatment. The available literature on gastrointestinal symptoms in thiamine deficiency disorders and gastrointestinal beriberi was reviewed.Results: Gastrointestinal symptoms were found in 46 of the 52 patients. The most common gastrointestinal symptom in our patients was recurrent vomiting in 42 patients. Eight patients had water brash. Ten patients had epigastric pain and 10 patients had anorexia. Based on the nature and severity of symptoms, patients were evaluated for their symptoms using endoscopy, ultrasonography, amylase and lactate levels, and routine laboratory studies and the results were normal in the majority of patients.  Gastrointestinal symptoms settled in all the patients after receiving intravenous thiamine. On reviewing the literature multiple studies were found to have reported prominent gastrointestinal symptoms in patients of Wernickes encephalopathy and other thiamine deficiency related disorders. However, the definition of gastrointestinal beriberi is not clearly stated.Conclusions: Gastrointestinal symptoms were prominent prodromal manifestations in our cohort of Wernicke’s encephalopathy and have also been amply reported in literature. Presence of gastrointestinal symptoms in individuals predisposed to thiamine deficiency without alternative explanation should be enough to label a patient as gastrointestinal beriberi. The study highlights the importance of recognizing gastrointestinal beriberi as a distinct syndrome that may precede the development of Wernicke’s encephalopathy

Non-Local Deformation of a Supersymmetric Field Theory

In this paper, we will analyse a supersymmetric field theory deformed by generalized uncertainty principle and Lifshitz scaling. It will be observed that this deformed supersymmetric field theory contains non-local fractional derivative terms. In order to construct such deformed N=1 supersymmetric theory, a harmonic extension of functions will be used. However, the supersymmetry will be only preserved for a free theory and will be broken by the inclusion of interaction terms.Comment: 12 pages, pulished versio

Ядерная сделка Ирана: Политические и экономические последствия для региона в целом и для Пакистана

Introduction. No doubt that the Iran-USA nuclear deal of 2015 got fame in the international politics. Some countries were in favor of such a deal and some were against this development. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has more concerns over the Iran nuclear deal, it feels that after the deal Iran will become a regional power and will increase its military and political power which will disturb the regional security and stability. As the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) itself provokes the creation of such conditions, thus their influence in the Middle East will be affected. Analysis. The article analyzes the concerns of Israel, implications for Turkey, the question why deal is beneficial for Pakistan, economic concerns of Saudi Arabia, implications for Persian Gulf and Middle East, economic implications for Turkey, economic opportunities for Pakistan. After the nuclear deal, Iran becomes a regional power and increases its political and economic influence in the region, especially in the Persian Gulf. The world says that Iran cannot get nuclear weapons after the deal because it has no such a capacity. However, according to some findings from the documents of the deal Iran is not blocked to become a nuclear power and the deal legitimizes the nuclear program. So, on the other hand after the Iran nuclear deal the regional political and economic environment is totally favorable to Iran. On the other hand, scholars believe that the United States of America (USA) operate in terms of diplomatic competition. From the economic standpoint, the deal will be favorable for Iran. Thus, some countries have objections related to the deal, while others express a positive attitude towards it. Results. Pakistan will be able to generate economic opportunities from Iran, especially with the help of Iran-Pakistan-India Gas pipeline project (IPI project). Consequences of the deal will be beneficial for the regional economic development of the Middle East and South Asia respectively

Characterization of sorghum germplasm for various morphological and fodder yield parameters

This study was performed to evaluate and characterize 24 sorghum accessions for various morphological and fodder yield parameters. The germplasm displayed considerable variability for leaf color, midrib color, panicle shape, days to 50% flowering, leaf area, flag leaf area, plant height and green fodder yield, while differences of smaller magnitude were observed for number of leaves and tillers plant-1. Genotype Fsd -sorghum was mature early with minimum days to maturity (63) while maximum plant height (232 cm) was observed for Acc.1692. Moreover, Acc.1827 exhibited maximum leaf area (447 cm2) and the highest green fodder yield at 50% maturity (58 t ha-1) was recorded for Acc. 1763. The results of this study indicate that significant genetic diversity exists among the sorghum accessions. The genetic potential of Fsd-sorghum, accessions 1692, 1827 and 1763 can be exploited in future sorghum breeding programs. Further, these genotypes are recommended for commercial cultivation to meet the fodder needs of the country.Keywords: Fodder, Sorghum bicolor, accession