The History of Body Contouring Surgery

Body contouring surgery is a rapidly evolving field in plastic surgery. In accordance with improvements in abdominal contour surgery, procedures to improve redundant skin elsewhere on the body were being devised. Initial attempts to correct the anomalies were made in the 1920s by Thorek and his contemporaries and consisted primarily of elliptical excisions of skin. All of the advances made in body contouring, from the original work of Kelly and his contemporaries to the modifications seen every decade, have contributed to a dynamic and evolving specialty. Currently, there is no field within the domain of plastic surgery growing with the same rapidity, and with worldwide obesity continually on the rise, the growth of this field is unlikely to abate in the near future. The contributions of Thorek, Passot, Pitanguy, Baroudi, Grazer, Wise, Regnault, Lassus, Illouz, Klein, Lockwood, and others have provided the necessary armamentarium to approach the post‐weight loss patient knowingly, intently, and adequately equipped to restore pleasing contour to the patients we as surgeons care for. The combination of regional dermolipectomies, lifts, and suction lipoplasty has the potential to restore the elegant human form, to recreate gesture, and to restore appropriate structure

THE REMITTANCE INFLOWS’ IMPACT ON SAVINGS IN THE SERBIAN ECONOMY

Remittance inflows represent one of the most significant sources of foreign funding for most developing countries. These funds have also proven to be one of the most stable sources of external financing for developing countries during the past few decades and in the period of the last global crisis. They are much less responsive to economic cycles and economic shocks than foreign direct investments and other private and official capital flows. The benefits that a developing country can have from stable cash inflows are various as far as they are directed in activities that contribute to economic growth and development. Theoretically, channeling remittances into savings and investments can lead to long-term economic growth. Formal transfer of remittances through the banking system and financial markets can lead to stronger financial stability and development of new financial instruments. Since remittances reduce the volatility of GDP and may contribute to financial system development they are able to additionally boost country\u27s growth and development. Finally, these resources significantly contribute to the fight against poverty and inequality. Taking into account all the positive impacts the remittances may have in developing countries, the goal of this paper is to investigate in further detail the relationship between remittances and savings in Serbian economy. With this analysis, we aim to test whether there is a potential for remittance inflows channeling not only in consumption, but also in various investment alternatives that could provide long-term benefits to the local economy

EFFECT OF SIMVASTATIN TREATMENT ON BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN

Statins are able to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality mainly through their hypocholesterolemic effect. Beyond the inhibition of cholesterol synthesis, the identification of pleiotropic mechanisms has motivated many studies to evaluate the effects of statin use on bone mineral density (BMD) modification.The aim of our study was to evaluate whether simvastatin treatment (20 mg/d) could modify BMD in hypercholesterolemic women (n=28) after one-year treatment as compared with a control group treated only with a diet (n=11). The exclusion criteria was current or previous therapy with statins, bisphosphonates and/or estrogens. The following parameters were determined at the beginning and after one year, and those are: total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C and LDL-C (Friedewald equation). The BMD was measured at the lumbar spine by dual energy x-ray absorpiometry (DEXA).In the simvastatin treated group, BMD showed an insignificant 2,812% increase after 12 months, respectively (0,965+0,111 v 0,992+0,110, P>0,05). The group treated only with hypolipidic diet demonstrated a 3,45% decrease in BMD (respectively, 1,042+0,181 v 1.006+0,182; P>0,05) after 12 months. Nevertheless, the comparison of average BMD changes between the two examined groups during one year showed a significant value diference (-0,027+0,037 v 0,036+0,036; P<0,0006).As partly suggested by retrospective or observational data, this longitudinal study indicates that simvastatin treatment achieves a beneficial effect on BMD

Urinary Exosomes

Exosomes are nanovesicles of endocytic origin that are secreted into the extracellular space or body fluids when a multivesicular body (MVB) fuses with the cell membrane. Interest in exosomes intensified after their description in antigen-presenting cells and the observation that they can significantly moderate immune responses in vivo. In the past few years, several groups have reported on the secretion of exosomes by almost all cell types in an organism. In addition to a common set of membrane and cytosolic molecules, exosomes harbor unique subsets of proteins, reflecting their cellular source. Major research efforts were put into their surprisingly various biological functions and in translating knowledge into clinical practice. Urine provides an exciting noninvasive alternative to blood or tissue samples as a potential source of disease biomarkers. Urinary exosomes (UE) became the subject of serious studies just a few years ago. A recent large-scale proteomics-based study of normal UE revealed a myriad of proteins, including disease-related gene products. Thus, UE have valuable potential as a source of biomarkers for early detection of various types of diseases, monitoring the disease evolution and/or response to therapy. As a relatively new field of research, it still faces many challenges, but UE have already shown some straightforward potential

Development of soft commodity derivative market in function of the risk management in CEE

This aim of this paper is to analyse possibilities and potential effects of soft commodity derivative market on the development of risk management practice within the CEE. Agricultural producers and other participants in the soft commodity market in CEE are lacking local commodity market. As a consequence, they are relying on hedging strategies on remote derivative markets that results in basis risk. The local soft commodity derivative market with delivery in CEE ports could significantly improve the risk management practice. One of the most important barriers in developing commodity derivatives market is market liquidity. Joint commodity market between different commodity exchanges in the CEE could lead to increase of necessary liquidity. Attempts to develop commodity derivative markets in individual countries within the region were proven to be inefficient lacking the volume of trade. Methodology used in this paper is based on relevant literature review, consultation with experts in commodity tradeand market participants and descriptive statistics applied in order to determine grain price volatility. Results of the research indicate that grain price volatility is high causing the need for application of hedging strategies at the commodity exchanges markets. Second, new EU common regulative is providing improved framework for joint commodity exchange clearing by single clearinghouse. Established market with delivery on Black See ports is of special importance for regional stakeholders

Application of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Cutaneous Basosquamous Carcinoma

Basosquamous carcinoma of the skin is a relatively rare cutaneous neoplasm that has significant metastatic potential and a metastatic rate greater than that of basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma. We describe the use of lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy in a 63-year-old man after identification of basosquamous carcinoma. Sentinel lymph node biopsy, which is a standard tool to detect regional lymphatic metastasis in cutaneous melanoma, has been rarely employed to detect lymphatic metastasis of basosquamous carcinoma. The approach was successful in detecting a regional lymphatic metastasis of two nodal basins with minor morbidity. Sentinel lymph node biopsy may be useful for certain high-risk lesions of basosquamous carcinoma

Factors Influencing Dental Fear in Students of Biomedicine

Background: Dental fear is a reaction of an individual to actual or potential painful/harmful procedures in dental practice. There is large variation in reports of dental fear prevalence among university students, implying existence of different factors that influence occurrence of dental fear in various populations. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate putative factors that may influence extent of dental fear among university students of biomedicine. Methods: This study was designed as cross-sectional investigation. In total, 113 students on study courses on the 3rd, 4th, 5th year of dentistry, and on the 4th, 5th and 6th year of medicine undergraduate program were surveyed at the Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia. Fear of dentist was measured by the Dental Fear Survey and other variables were generated by questionnaire with questions about socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. Results: Students of biomedicine surveyed in this study did not suffer from dental fear in great extent (median value on the scale was close to the lower limit: 29.5. The only factor that increased risk for developing dental fear in our study was previous traumatic experience with a dentist. Conclusion: Dental fear is not very prevalent among biomedical students. However, main risk factor for dental fear in general population, previous traumatic experience with a dental intervention, also remains primary risk factor in population of biomedical students

Long-term treatment with olanzapine in hospital conditions: Prevalence and predictors of the metabolic syndrome

© 2015, Serbia Medical Society. All rights reserved. Introduction The risk of metabolic abnormalities is greatly increased in schizophrenic patients started on an atypical antipsychotic medication. Patients with psychiatric disorders exceed mortality ranges resulting from, among others, increased risk of cardiovascular events. Other factors contributing to the development of metabolic syndrome include prolonged duration of illness, increasing age, female sex and lifestyle factors. Objective This cross-sectional study was taken up to assess the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in schizophrenic patients receiving olanzapine monotherapy for at least six months and to determine the most important risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome presence in these patients. Methods A total of 93 long term hospitalized schizophrenic patients (71 men, 22 women), had a screening of the following: case-history data, psychiatric scales, anthropometric measures, blood (fasting glucose, lipid status, C-reactive protein – CRP) and urine samples (microalbuminuria). Results Prevalence of MetS according to International Diabetes Federation criteria in our study was 34.4%. The multivariate analysis distinguished the following significant predictors of MetS presence (in order of appearance): data about diabetes mellitus in family history (p=0.002), body mass index >25 kg/m2 (p=0.002), hyperlipidemia in family history (p=0.008), and elevated CRP value (p=0.042). Conclusion High rate of MetS in patients treated with olanzapine in this study exceeds MetS prevalence in general population. Among observed parameters, our study pointed to several “high risk” predictors associated with MetS presence. Regular monitoring of cardiometabolic risk factors is highly recommended. Positive heredity distress mentioned above may direct a psychiatrist to prescribe some other drug than olanzapine in the long term treatment of schizophrenia

Location-Based Games as a Contemporary, Original, and Innovative Method of Seniors’ Teaching and Learning

This book is a result of the Location-based games as a contemporary, original, and innovative method of seniors’ teaching and learning [LoGaSET] project, coordinated by Foundation Pro Scientia Publica, financed from the Erasmus Plus KA2 strategic partnership budget (nr 2017-1-PL01-KA204-038869). Dr Ewa Jurczyk-Romanowska (University of Wrocław, Poland) was the scientific coordinator of the project