Perfiles de caída de la bilirrubina sérica luego de corrección quirúrgica de la ictericia obstructiva

El presente artículo es el reporte preliminar de un estudio prospectivo de pacientes con ictericia obstructiva, que evalúa la disminución progresiva en los niveles séricos de bilirrubina luego de la corrección quirúrgica de la obstrucción. El estudio incluye 7 pacientes, 4 de ellos con carcinoma en la cabeza del páncreas y los 3 restantes cursaron con coledocolitiasis. Los pacientes con carcinoma fueron sometidos a una anastomosis bilio-entérica con el fin de corregir la ictericia, mientras que los pacientes con cálculos en el conducto biliar fueron sometidos a coledocotomía, extracción de los cálculos biliares e inserción de un tubo en T. Posteriormente, se realizaron numerosas cuantificaciones de los niveles de bilirrubina en suero, para determinar el patrón y la taza de descenso de dichos niveles en cada paciente. Los resultados muestran el patrón de caída de los niveles séricos de bilirrubina luego de la desobstrucción exitosa de las vías biliares extrahepáticas. Tres pacientes mostraron un patrón aberrante a pesar del correcto procedimiento quirúrgico.This is the beginning of a prospective study on patients who have obstructive jaundice to see how the serum bilirubin falls after operative relief of the obstruction. Seven of such patients have been studied; four had carcinoma of the head of the pancreas while the other three had choledocholithiasis. The patients with carcinoma had relief of the jaundice through a biliary-enteric anastomosis and those with common bile duct stones had choledochotomy with stone extraction which was completed with insertion of a T-tube. Serial bilirubin estimations were then performed post-operatively to chart the pattern and rate of descent of this in each patient. Our observations suggest that the pattern of fall of serum bilirubin after successful decompression of the extra-hepatic biliary tree exhibit a distinct pattern regardless of the surgical procedure performed for the relief of the obstruction

Learning health professionalism at Makerere University: an exploratory study amongst undergraduate students

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Anecdotal evidence shows that unprofessional conduct is becoming a common occurrence amongst health workers in Uganda. The development of appropriate professional values, attitudes and behaviors is a continuum that starts when a student joins a health professional training institution and as such health professionals in training need to be exposed to the essence of professionalism. We sought to explore undergraduate health professions students' perceptions and experiences of learning professionalism as a preliminary step in addressing the problem of unprofessional conduct amongst health workers in Uganda.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Eight focus group discussions were conducted with 49 first to fifth year health professions undergraduate students of the 2008/2009 academic year at Makerere University College of Health Sciences. The focus group discussions were recorded and transcribed, and were analyzed using content analysis with emergent coding.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The difference in the way first and fifth year students of Makerere University College of Health Sciences conceptualized professionalism was suggestive of the decline in attitude that occurs during medical education. The formal curriculum was described as being inadequate while the hidden and informal curricula were found to play a critical role in learning professionalism. Students identified role models as being essential to the development of professionalism and emphasized the need for appropriate role modeling. In our setting, resource constraints present an important, additional challenge to learning universal standards of health professionalism. Furthermore, students described practices that reflect the cultural concept of communalism, which conflicts with the universally accepted standard of individual medical confidentiality. The students questioned the universal applicability of internationally accepted standards of professionalism.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The findings call for a review of the formal professionalism curriculum at Makerere University College of Health Sciences to make it more comprehensive and to meet the needs expressed by the students. Role models need capacity building in professionalism as health professionals and as educators. In our setting, resource constraints present an additional challenge to learning universal standards of health professionalism. There is need for further research and discourse on education in health professionalism in the Sub-Saharan context of resource constraints and cultural challenges.</p

Perfiles de caída de la bilirrubina sérica luego de corrección quirúrgica de la ictericia obstructiva

This is the beginning of a prospective study on patients who have obstructive jaundice to see how the serum bilirubin falls after operative relief of the obstruction. Seven of such patients have been studied; four had carcinoma of the head of the pancreas while the other three had choledocholithiasis. The patients with carcinoma had relief of the jaundice through a biliary-enteric anastomosis and those with common bile duct stones had choledochotomy with stone extraction which was completed with insertion of a T-tube. Serial bilirubin estimations were then performed post-operatively to chart the pattern and rate of descent of this in each patient. Our observations suggest that the pattern of fall of serum bilirubin after successful decompression of the extra-hepatic biliary tree exhibit a distinct pattern regardless of the surgical procedure performed for the relief of the obstruction.El presente artículo es el reporte preliminar de un estudio prospectivo de pacientes con ictericia obstructiva, que evalúa la disminución progresiva en los niveles séricos de bilirrubina luego de la corrección quirúrgica de la obstrucción. El estudio incluye 7 pacientes, 4 de ellos con carcinoma en la cabeza del páncreas y los 3 restantes cursaron con coledocolitiasis. Los pacientes con carcinoma fueron sometidos a una anastomosis bilio-entérica con el fin de corregir la ictericia, mientras que los pacientes con cálculos en el conducto biliar fueron sometidos a coledocotomía, extracción de los cálculos biliares e inserción de un tubo en T. Posteriormente, se realizaron numerosas cuantificaciones de los niveles de bilirrubina en suero, para determinar el patrón y la taza de descenso de dichos niveles en cada paciente. Los resultados muestran el patrón de caída de los niveles séricos de bilirrubina luego de la desobstrucción exitosa de las vías biliares extrahepáticas. Tres pacientes mostraron un patrón aberrante a pesar del correcto procedimiento quirúrgico

Perfiles de caída de la bilirrubina sérica luego de corrección quirúrgica de la ictericia obstructiva

This is the beginning of a prospective study on patients who have obstructive jaundice to see how the serum bilirubin falls after operative relief of the obstruction. Seven of such patients have been studied; four had carcinoma of the head of the pancreas while the other three had choledocholithiasis. The patients with carcinoma had relief of the jaundice through a biliary-enteric anastomosis and those with common bile duct stones had choledochotomy with stone extraction which was completed with insertion of a T-tube. Serial bilirubin estimations were then performed post-operatively to chart the pattern and rate of descent of this in each patient. Our observations suggest that the pattern of fall of serum bilirubin after successful decompression of the extra-hepatic biliary tree exhibit a distinct pattern regardless of the surgical procedure performed for the relief of the obstruction.El presente artículo es el reporte preliminar de un estudio prospectivo de pacientes con ictericia obstructiva, que evalúa la disminución progresiva en los niveles séricos de bilirrubina luego de la corrección quirúrgica de la obstrucción. El estudio incluye 7 pacientes, 4 de ellos con carcinoma en la cabeza del páncreas y los 3 restantes cursaron con coledocolitiasis. Los pacientes con carcinoma fueron sometidos a una anastomosis bilio-entérica con el fin de corregir la ictericia, mientras que los pacientes con cálculos en el conducto biliar fueron sometidos a coledocotomía, extracción de los cálculos biliares e inserción de un tubo en T. Posteriormente, se realizaron numerosas cuantificaciones de los niveles de bilirrubina en suero, para determinar el patrón y la taza de descenso de dichos niveles en cada paciente. Los resultados muestran el patrón de caída de los niveles séricos de bilirrubina luego de la desobstrucción exitosa de las vías biliares extrahepáticas. Tres pacientes mostraron un patrón aberrante a pesar del correcto procedimiento quirúrgico

Pyoderma gangrenosum and ulcerative colitis in the tropics

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare inflammatory skin condition, characterized by progressive and recurrent skin ulceration. There may be rapidly enlarging, painful ulcers with undermined edges and a necrotic, hemorrhagic base. Disorders classically associated with pyoderma gangrenosum include rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, paraproteinemia and myeloproliferative disorders. There have been some reports of the occurrence of pyoderma gangrenosum in Africa, and in Nigeria, but only one specifically reported pyoderma gangrenosum in association with ulcerative colitis. We report on a 45-year-old man who presented with pyoderma gangrenosum associated with ulcerative colitis; the second report in Nigeria. The skin lesions were managed with daily honey wound dressings. Oral dapsone and prednisolone were started. The frequency of the bloody diarrhea decreased, and was completely resolved by the second week after admission. The ulcers also showed accelerated healing. The goal of therapy is directed towards the associated systemic disorder, if present