Exploring the relationship between cyberbullying and unnatural child death: an ecological study of twenty-four European countries

Background Internet risk has been recognized as a child safety problem, but evidence is insufficient to conclude that a child's online risk exposure can lead to physical harm. This study aims to explore the ecological relationship between Internet risk exposure and unnatural child death. Methods Multiple secondary data sources were used: online exposure to content about self-harm, cyberbullying, and Internet addiction data (EU Kids Online survey, 2010); and mortality data (European Detailed Mortality Database, 2010 or the latest year if not available) of 24 European countries. Correlations were found using quasi-Poisson regression. Countries' prevalence rates of psychiatric problems (European Social Survey Round 3 and 6, 2006 and 2012) were used to test for possible spuriousness. Results This study finds that countries with higher rates of cyberbullying were more likely to have a higher incidence of unnatural child death. A 1 percent rise in the prevalence of cyberbullying translated into a 28% increase in risk of unnatural child death (95% CI: 2%-57%). No evidence was found to substantiate confounding effect of the national prevalence of depressive symptoms or traditional bullying. Conclusions Explanations are given for the findings. We conclude that intervention programs designed to serve as precautionary measures for risk minimisation should be considered.published_or_final_versio

A simplified dual-bitstream MPEG video streaming system with VCR functionalities

Centre for Multimedia Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information EngineeringRefereed conference paper2007-2008 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference paperVersion of RecordPublishe

Macroblock-based algorithm for dual-bitstream MPEG video streaming with VCR functionalities

Centre for Multimedia Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information EngineeringVersion of RecordPublishe

Isolated penile urethral injury: a rare case following male coital trauma

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Potential use of Niti implant for intra-articular fracture of phalax

Session - New Developments in Orthopaedic Implant Materialspublished_or_final_versio

New architecture for MPEG video streaming system with backward playback support

2007-2008 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Developing a platform of environmental omics for the green-lipped mussel Perna viridis

Session Track: Aquatic and terrestrial ecotoxicologyOral presentationConference Theme: Science across bridges, borders and boundariesThe green-lipped mussel Perna viridis is an important marine biomonitor species in pollution monitoring and ecotoxicological studies in Asia-Pacific region, and considered as a subtropical equivalent biomonitor of the temperate Mytilus species. However, the genomic information of P. viridis is still largely unexplored when compared with Mytilus species. This study aimed to establish a transcriptomic profile of P. viridis using the next generation sequencing technology and provide a good representative set of genomic information for elucidation of toxic mechanisms upon pollution stresses and identification of a suite of suitable biomarkers for monitoring marine pollution and environmental stresses. To obtain a wide spectrum of environmental-associated transcripts, adult mussels (4-5 cm shell length) were collected from different locations in Hong Kong and from those after 24-hour exposures to various challenges of physical stresses and chemical pollutants, so as to cover a wide range of stress-associated transcription patterns for future environmental studies. Two males and females from each location and from each treatment were chosen for obtaining the three target tissues (i.e., hepatopancreas, gill and adductor muscle). For each sex and each tissue type, a total RNA sample was extracted from pooled tissues from the field and laboratory treated mussels. The RNA sample was subjected to cDNA library construction, followed by the RNA-sequencing using a Solexa GAIIx (Illumina). Including the splicing variants, a de novo assembly of a total length of 295,064,579 base-pair (bp) contig was obtained, with 233,257 contigs assembled of an average size of 1264 bp. The 192,879 non-redundant assembled transcripts were blasted against the NCBI nr database and three molluscan EST databases, and resulted in 44,713 transcripts with at least a blast hit, and having a top match with the sequences from the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (27,651 transcripts). A total of 5,131 transcripts were assigned with KEGG annotation involving in 329 pathways. Based on multivariate statistical analysis, expression patterns of genes from stress associated responses and detoxification were strongly tissue-specific but the differences between genders were little. The anticipated genomic database generated from this study will further strengthen the role of P. viridis as a universal marine biomonitor in the Asia-Pacific region.published_or_final_versio

S-maltoheptaose targets syndecan-bound effectors to reduce smoking-related neutrophilic inflammation.

Cigarette smoke induces injury and neutrophilic inflammation in the airways of smokers. The stability and activity of inflammatory effectors, IL8 and neutrophil elastase (NE), can be prolonged by binding to airway heparan sulfate (HS)/syndecan-1, posing risk for developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). We hypothesize that antagonizing HS/syndecan-1 binding of the inflammatory effectors could reduce smoking-related neutrophil-mediated airway inflammation. Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) of COPD patients found both total and unopposed NE levels to be significantly higher among smokers with COPD than non-COPD subjects. Similar NE burden was observed in smoke-exposed rats compared to sham air controls. We chose sulfated-maltoheptaose(SM), a heparin-mimetic, to antagonize HS/sydecan-1 binding of the inflammatory mediators in airway fluids and lung tissues of the smoke-exposed rat model. Airway treatment with SM resulted in displacement of CINC-1 and NE from complexation with bronchio-epithelial HS/syndecan-1, dissipating the chemokine gradient for neutrophil flux across to the bronchial lumen. Following SM displacement of NE from shed HS/syndecan-1 in bronchial fluids, NE became accessible to inhibition by α1-antitrypsin endogenous in test samples. The antagonistic actions of SM against syndecan-1 binding of NE and CINC-1 in smoke-exposed airways suggest new therapeutic opportunities for modulating airway inflammation in smokers with SM delivery.published_or_final_versio

Efficacy And Safety Of Hylan G-F 20 Injection In Treatment Of Knee Osteoarthritis In Chinese Patients: Results Of A Prospective, Multicentre, Longitudinal Study

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De novo transcriptome analysis of Perna viridis highlights tissue-specific patterns for environmental studies

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