HOW TO PREVENT FRAUD?

Fraud can range from minor employee theft and unproductive behavior tomisappropriation of assets and fraudulent financial reporting. The risk of fraud can be reduced through a combination of prevention and detection measures. Moreover, prevention and deterrence measures are much less costly than the time and expense required for fraud detection and investigation. The information presented in this document generally is applicable to entities of all sizes. However, the degree to which certain programs and controls are applied in smaller, less-complex entities and the formality of theirapplication are likely to differ from larger organizations.fraud proofing, fraud prevention, control, accounting analysis, job descriptions, supervision

EUROPEAN CRISIS’ EFFECTS UPON THE ROMANIAN ECONOMY Ionela Gavrila-Paven, “1 Decembrie 1918 University†Alba Iulia

European Union is facing severe challenges from the financial crisis andthe deep recession. The recession of the global economy affected the commercial andfinancial relations between European economies and between Europe and the rest of theworld. European Commission has indicated how it intends to apply state aid rules tostate support schemes and individual assistance for financial institutions; has providedguidance on the treatment of asset relief and impaired assets; and has presentedproposals for establishing regulatory and supervisory standards for alternativeinvestment fund managers. In this condition European Union has two major challenges:one to continue its Agenda on the integration phenomenon, and the other to applymeasures to recover the crisis.financial crisis, recession, state aid rules, state support schemes, gross domesticproduct

Parametrization of spectral surfaces of a class of periodic 5-diagonal matrices

The main result of this work is a parametric description of the spectral surfaces of a class of periodic 5-diagonal matrices, related to the strong moment problem. This class is a self-adjoint twin of the class of CMV matrices. Jointly they form the simplest possible classes of 5-diagonal matrices

INQUIRY OVER BIOMETRIC PASSPORTS

The biometric passport is the new type of passports, which from October 2006 are required for entry to the US by the VWP (see also later on the section Types of biometric passports). The passports must contain an RFID-chip, which holds digitized information about the passport’s owner. The individual government decides much of the specific digital information, but certain demands are made by the US and the ICAO standard.biometric, rfid, icao, vwp

BOOK REVIEW ON CITIES AS SUSTAINABLE ECOSYSTEMS: PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES. Authors: Peter Newman and Isabella Jennings

The book is a positive image of how cities can contribute not only to a better economic and social future but also a profoundly better ecological future. "Cities as Sustainable Ecosystems" shows how cities can begin to reintegrate into their bioregional environment and planned taking into account nature's organizing principles. Therefore, professor Peter Newman and Isabella Jennings reassess urban design by exploring flows of energy, materials, and information, along with the interactions between human and non-human parts of the system. "Cities as Sustainable Ecosystems" describes aspects of urban ecosystems, being a powerful model for urban redevelopmentSustainable Ecosystems, urban development, urban ecosystems

EXAMINE THE PAST FOR GOING FURTHER: A LITERATURE REVIEW IN THE FIELD OF FAIR VALUE

The current study is part of the scientific approach being assumed at the beginning of the Ph.D. as the theme \"New valence of evaluation in accounting\" under the guidance of prof. univ. dr. Dumitru Matis. This article aims to realize a more comprehensive study of relevant literature in accounting with fair value as the main subject. We have built our study attempting to answer the following research questions: How much "fair value activity" has there been since 2008? What research topics are being addressed? Who is leading fair value research? What are the limitations of current research? To achieve our proposed objectives we analyzed two databases (Science Direct and Business Source Premier) during 2008-2011, analyzing in detail a total of 22 articles divided into five specific research directions: international regulations on fair value accounting, fair Value Accounting and Financial Crisis, financial reporting at fair value, the relevance of fair value and fair value versus historical cost. With this research we try to see \"what is known\" in the field of fair value so far . In addition to qualitative analysis which we performed to discover the interest of researchers in this field, we conducted a quantitative analysis concerning the reported studies , being divided into research themes, research methodology and year of the article publication. Quantitative research results are those anticipated, that the most \"fair value activity \" took place in 2008 and 2009, surveys having as main research theme international regulations on fair value accounting.fair value, literature review, research direction, databases

A HUMAN RESOURCE ONTOLOGY FOR RECRUITMENT PROCESS

In this paper we propose a model of ontology for the human resource domain. We emphasize the benefits resulting from the application of Semantic Web technologies in the recruitment process. We use currently available standards and classifications to develop a human resource ontology which gives us means for semantic annotation of job postings and applications. Furthermore, we outline the process of semantic matching which improves the quality of query results. Finally, we propose the architecture of an evaluation system based on Semantic Web technologies.human resource ontology, HR-XML, e-recruitment, semantic annotation.

Fiscal Policy and its role in ensuring economic stability

The State, irrespective of its institutional nature and contents throughout history, has been the most important answer or, better said, the best-structured solution of society members to the issues of their world’s complexity. Processes such as globalization and integration, individuals’ increasing reliance upon technology, limited vital resources in order to ensure normal life, social polarization growth, poverty augmentation, migrating flows, occurrence of diseases that can rapidly spread at world level – all the above increase the complexity of our world and make the State’s economic involvement compulsory. In this respect, an important role is held by the fiscal system, originally created to meet strictly financial goals of the State but subsequently enriched by various economic and social objectives due to the development of human society. Fiscality can be viewed as a prerequisite to compensate gaps and for a genuine European policy of economic growth. The impact of fiscality upon society members in every economy is significant, with tax payers’ acceptance or refusal having a major effect upon the State’s intervention by typical means in the entire activity of a society. The paper suggests a analysis of fiscality in Romania. Romania suffers from the lack of ”self-image” and the factors generating it are also to be found in the present paper.Fiscality, fiscal policy, economic stability

An Assessment of the Current Account Sustainability in Romania – An Inter-temporal Perspective

This paper assesses the sustainability of the CA deficit in Romania by estimating its structural component, based on an inter-temporal perspective. Using a large sample of panel data, we estimated long term relationships for the CA deficit and its fundamentals. The main conclusion of the paper is that there is an excessive CA deficit which should be adjusted. The results are showing that the structural CA could range between 6.3% and 10.9% of GDP, depending on the model used and the econometric procedure. Another important result of the paper is that the main drivers of the CA deficit in Romania, as well for other transition countries of Europe, are the economic convergence factors.structural CA deficit, convergence, relative income, Ricardian equivalence

University rankings – a guide to choose a university?

In a more and more global world, universities compete for both students and faculty staff. Do university rankings offer a good perspective when it comes to choosing a university, as a student or university professor/researcher? This paper presents an analysis of well-known university rankings, trying to answer to the above mentioned question. It also presents an alternative to such rankings, namely intellectual capital evaluation models